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IIR document

Critical temperature and performance of refrigerants - Application to chillers.

• Author(s) : LARMINAT P. de
• Publication date: 2015/08/16
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Critical temperature, Performance, Expérimentation, Refrigerant, Air conditioning, Hot climate
• Source: Proceedings of the 24th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration: Yokohama, Japan, August 16-22, 2015.
• Formats : PDF

Fractionation testing for low critical temperature blends.

• Author(s) : WEBSTER V., SAXENA I., LOW R. E., SEETON C. J.
• Publication date: 2022
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Critical temperature, Testing, R744, Low GWP, Expérimentation, Mixture, R473A, Flammability, Standard
• Source: 2022 Purdue Conferences. 19^th International Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning Conference at Purdue.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

The enhancement of the critical temperature in thin aluminium films.

• Author(s) : SEDOV E., GOLOKOLENOV I., KONSTANTINIDIS G., et al.
• Publication date: 2019/05/08
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Superfluid transition, Critical temperature, Aluminium, Superconductor, Film, Expérimentation
• Source: Cryogenics 2019. Proceedings of the 15^th IIR International Conference: Prague, Czech Republic, April 8-11, 2019.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Prediction of critical temperature of binary refrigerant mixtures by neural network.

• Author(s) : WANG G., HU P., CHEN Q., XU C., ZHAO J.
• Publication date: 2024/05
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Binary mixture, Critical temperature, Artificial neural network, Calculation, Modelling, Hydrocarbon, CO2, R744, Thermodynamic property
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 161
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Unified artificial neural network-group contribution method for predictions of normal boiling point and critical temperature of refrigerants and related compounds.

• Author(s) : DEVOTTA S., CHELANI A.
• Publication date: 2022/08
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Refrigerant, Boiling, Critical temperature, Artificial neural network, Simulation
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 140
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Prediction of normal boiling point and critical temperature of refrigerants by graph neural network and transfer learning.

• Author(s) : WANG G., HU P.
• Publication date: 2023/07
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Refrigerant, Thermodynamic property, Artificial neural network, Boiling, Critical temperature, Machine learning, Modelling, Prediction
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 151
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

High-temperature working fluids for heat pumps – A way to select the optimal fluid for a given application.

• Author(s) : PACHAI A. C., HAFNER A., ARPAGAUS C.
• Publication date: 2023/04/27
• Languages : English
• Keywords : High temperature, Hydrocarbon, Heat pump, Standard, Critical temperature, Critical pressure, Critical density, Refrigerant
• Source: 10^th IIR Conference on Ammonia and CO₂ Refrigeration Technologies.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Thermodynamic properties of HFO-1336mzz(E) (trans-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-butene) at saturation conditions.

• Author(s) : TANAKA K., ISHIKAWA J., KONTOMARIS K. K.
• Publication date: 2017/10
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Vapour pressure, Critical pressure, Critical temperature, Thermodynamic property, Expérimentation, Critical density, Refrigerant
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 82
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Thermodynamic properties of 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (R-134a) + 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (R-1234yf) mixtures: Measurements of the critical parameters and a mixture model based on the multi-fluid approximation.

• Author(s) : AKASAKA R., HIGASHI Y., YAMADA Y., et al.
• Publication date: 2015/10
• Languages : English
• Keywords : R134a, R1234yf, Critical pressure, Critical temperature, Thermodynamic property, Model, Mixture, Critical density
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 58
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Experimental determination of the critical parameters for trans-1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoroprop-1-ene [R1233zd(E)] and cis-1-chloro-2,3,3,3-tetrafluoroprop-1-ene [R1224yd(Z)].

• Author(s) : TANAKA K., AKASAKA R.
• Publication date: 2021/11
• Languages : English
• Keywords : HFO, HCFO, R1224yd(Z), R1233zd(E), Expérimentation, Critical pressure, Critical temperature, Critical density
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 131
• Formats : PDF

Recommended by the IIR / IIR document

Experimental analysis of a R600 high-temperature heat pump in sub-critical and trans-critical operation.

• Author(s) : VERDNIK M., RIEBERER R.
• Publication date: 2020/12/07
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Heat pump, Industrial application, Prototype, High temperature, Hydrocarbon, R600, COP, Transcritical cycle
• Source: 14^th IIR-Gustav Lorentzen Conference on Natural Refrigerants (GL2020). Proceedings. Kyoto, Japon, December 7-9^th 2020.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

A new apparatus for measurement of the critical p-ρ-T properties based on the variable-volume method.

• Author(s) : YAO X., DONG X., ZHAO Y., SHEN J., GONG M.
• Publication date: 2022/04
• Languages : English
• Keywords : R134a, Thermodynamic property, Nitrogen, R32, Expérimentation, Variable volume, Critical density, Critical pressure, Critical temperature
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 136
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

An improved corresponding states principle model for orthohydrogen thermal conductivity from the triple point to 300 K and 20 MPa.

• Author(s) : MENG C., SUN J., YANG Y., BAO H., ROSKILLY A. P., HUANG Y.
• Publication date: 2024/07
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Hydrogen, Thermal conductivity, Thermodynamic property, Critical pressure, Critical temperature, Calculation
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 163
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Thermodynamic properties measurement of HFO1132(E).

• Author(s) : SAKODA N., HIGASHI Y.
• Publication date: 2021/06
• Languages : English
• Keywords : HFO, Expérimentation, Thermodynamic property, Critical density, Critical temperature, R1132(E), Saturation
• Source: 2^nd IIR Conference on HFO Refrigerants and Low GWP Blends
• Formats : PDF

Recommended by the IIR / IIR document

Experimental and model-based analysis of an R600 high-temperature heat pump in sub-critical and trans-critical operation.

• Author(s) : VERDNIK M., RIEBERER R.
• Publication date: 2022/06/13
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Expérimentation, R600, Industrial application, Heat pump, Transcritical cycle, Simulation, Modelling, Butane, Prototype, High pressure, High temperature
• Source: 15^th IIR-Gustav Lorentzen Conference on Natural Refrigerants (GL2022). Proceedings. Trondheim, Norway, June 13-15^th 2022.
• Formats : PDF

A possible major step in the quest of room-temperature superconductivity

Two researcher teams have just reported experiments indicating that a hydride of lanthanum compressed to 1.7 to 1.85 million bar has a critical temperature of 250–260 K (-23 – -13°C).

• Publication date : 2019/01/31

Integrated CO2-CHP system

Brunel - a UK University - and 14 industrial partners in the commercial refrigeration sector have presented an innovative integrated energy system which has been designed to meet the needs of medium and large supermarkets and can be tailored to...

• Publication date : 2011/02/11

CO2 Supermarkets

The journal Die Kälte und Klimatechnik has just produced an article on the opening of a supermarket using refrigeration installations for the first time running on direct expansion CO2 with both medium and low temperatures in Wettingen,...

• Publication date : 2005/10/26

CO2 applications: First hospital catering facility refrigeration system to run with CO2 in the UK

A CO2 unit supplied by Green & Cool has been installed and commissioned by CCS Refrigeration, through Aggora on behalf of Medirest to provide for the on-site catering requirements of patients, restaurant and hospital staff at the Homerton...

• Publication date : 2011/02/07

Underground storage of liquid CO2

Dispensing of CO2 by storing it underground usually implies placing it in aquifer rocks deep enough (-800 m) to achieve sufficient pressure to maintain the CO2 in a supercritical (fluid) phase. This approach has many shortcomings as in this form,...

• Publication date : 2006/11/15

Refrigeration reduces the glycemic index of cooked rice

Several studies highlight the benefits of refrigeration on the glycaemic index of rice, which is important in the control of chronic diseases such as diabetes.

• Publication date : 2022/12/05
• Subjects: General information

Efficiency of ground source heat pump systems

Ground source heat pumps (GHSP) have been reported to be more efficient than more widespread air source heat pumps despite higher installation costs. A recent article has reviewed parameters impacting the energy...

• Publication date : 2021/03/29
• Subjects: Technology

Briefs: First transcritical CO2 supermarket system in Australia

CO2 is raising interest in the retail industry in warm counties. Last November, a 1-day seminar organised by the Natural Refrigerants Transition Board (NRTB) focusing on the technical challenges related to transcritical CO2 systems, featured a...

• Publication date : 2008/02/12

Brief: Industrial Refrigeration Consensus

During the Industrial RefrigerationConsensus hosted by Danfoss, held in December 2004 in Sønderborg , Denmark , the main following points were reached through workshop discussions with focus on the industrial refrigeration issues (thus the points...

• Publication date : 2005/06/14

Briefs: CO2 heat pumps in a retirement home

Villa Laura, a retirement home near Florence, Italy, is equipped with 4 water/water ground-water heat pumps operating with a transcritical CO2 cycle providing heating, air conditioning and hot water. This technology is already used to produce hot...

• Publication date : 2007/11/20

Brief: 12th c-dig meeting

Uusikaupunki in Finland was the setting for the 12 th c-dig meeting in April 2005 attended by 55 delegates. Roughly half the presentations were by Finnish companies, reflecting the tremendous focus on carbon dioxide in the region in recent years....

• Publication date : 2005/06/14

A new non-flammable mixture to boost the performance of CO2 systems

In a recent IJR article, researchers propose combining R744 with Dimethyl-ether (DME) to boost system performance while ensuring safety and low environmental impact, in a recent IJR...

• Publication date : 2024/02/26
• Subjects: Technology

CO2 supermarkets: CAREL

CAREL and the French hypermarket chain Carrefour have joined forces to develop the first subcritical CO2 plant in a supermarket in Turkey. The Istanbul installation uses a cascade system that supplies the low-temperature units with R744. To...

• Publication date : 2010/05/27

Briefs: ARTI's 21st Century Research Program

During the 2004 ASHRAE Winter meeting in Anaheim, results from several research projects initiated under the ARTI (Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Technology Institute) 21st Century Research Program - initiated by ARI (Air-Conditioning and...

• Publication date : 2004/04/28

TTI: new developments

Time-Temperature Integrators (TTIs) are "intelligent labels" that simulate bacterial development, as a function of time-and-temperature parameters. As soon as a critical threshold is crossed, a change in colour alerts the consumer that the...

• Publication date : 2006/11/15

News from IIR members: Air Liquide

The world's longest and most powerful superconductor power transmission cable has been connected to the commercial power grid in Holbrook, New York, United States, by the Long Island Power Authority (LIPA) and American Superconductor. The 600-m...

• Publication date : 2008/08/12

The IIR is taking part in standardization work for TTIIs in France

Gérald Cavalier, President of Section D of the IIR’s Science and Technology Council was appointed President of the new E18A Commission of AFNOR (Association Française de Normalisation, the French Standardization Agency): “Cold chain control -...

• Publication date : 2012/08/22

Member news: Koura introduces new refrigerant for air conditioning

Refrigerant manufacturer Koura recently introduced R468C, a refrigerant that could replace R410A in air conditioning systems.  

• Publication date : 2022/10/27
• Subjects: HFCs alternatives

Cryogenics and Low-Temperature Physics: New Horizons and Challenges

This Focus written by Ralf Herzog*, President of the IIR’s Cryophysics, Cryoengineering commission (Commission A1) for the Newsletter of the IIR is the third in a series of presentations of the activities and hot research topics handled by the...

• Publication date : 2012/09/21

IIR member news: Linde

Linde Kryotechnik cryogenic company has developed a groundbreaking refrigeration system used to cool extreme temperatures in an experiment to create fusion fuel.

• Publication date : 2016/05/18

How to adapt in a world at 50°C? Learn more at the IMechE conference this September

On September 6-8, 2023, the Institution of Mechanical Engineers (IMechE) will host its 1st International Conference and Workshop on Climate Adaptation and Resilience in London.

• Publication date : 2023/09/05
• Subjects: Technology, Environment

Healthcare drones: Countless advantages for a healthier society

With the objective of making it possible for those who require urgent healthcare supplies delivered as often and as regularly as necessary, various companies are now pushing the possibilities of exploiting drones to deliver healthcare supplies...

• Publication date : 2017/03/22

Highlights from the 46th Montreal Protocol OEWG: Addressing Ozone Depletion and Climate Change Challenges

The 46th meeting of the Open-ended Working Group (OEWG) of the Parties to the Montreal Protocol took place in Montreal from 8 to 12 July 2024. The IIR took part of the event.  

• Publication date : 2024/08/01

Upcoming cutting-edge IIR events for 2016

IIR conference activities in 2016 show a promising choice of events covering cutting-edge refrigeration themes from refrigerants to energy issues.

• Publication date : 2016/05/25

ACES Inaugural Conference: “The Hot Reality: Living in a +50°C World”

The Africa Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Cooling and Cold Chain (ACES) hosted a series of events from 17 to 19 October 2023, at ACES headquarters at Rubirizi Campus in Kigali, Rwanda. 

• Publication date : 2023/11/28

IIR conference activities in 2016 show a promising choice of events

IIR conference activities in 2016 show a promising choice of events covering cutting edge refrigeration themes from refrigerants to energy issues; from cold chain sustainability to new refrigeration technologies.

• Publication date : 2016/03/02

Check out the upcoming cutting edge IIR events for 2016

IIR conference activities in 2016 show a promising choice of events.

• Publication date : 2015/12/16

Past events: The IIR around the world, August and September 2024

A look back at the IIR’s latest events during conferences (Gustav Lorentzen, Thermag, Compressors) and during sponsored vents (CHPC).

• Publication date : 2024/10/07

The Norwegian Royal Ambassy visit to INDEE+ educational unit in IIT Madras

To acknowledge the efforts of INDEE+, the Norwegian Ambassador Hans Jacob Frydenlund, Arvind Gopinath (Honorary Consul), Ms. Marit Marie Strand (Advisor), Mr. Vivek (Senior Advisor) and other team members...

• Publication date : 2022/09/28

New president of IIR Commission C2 on food science and engineering

The IIR is proud to announce the appointment of Judith Evans, Professor at London South Bank University, as the new president of IIR Commission C2 on food science and engineering.

• Publication date : 2016/07/06

Thermophysical properties of HFC refrigerants

Thermophysical properties of over 100 HFC refrigerants, including single-component and blends.

• Last update : 2022/06/17
• Langues : English
• Themes : HFCs, Blends, HFO et HCFO

Thermophysical properties of HFO refrigerants

Thermophysical properties of over 50 HFO refrigerants, including single-component and blends.

• Last update : 2022/06/17
• Langues : English
• Themes : Blends, HFO et HCFO

Cryogenics in the pharmaceutical industry: drug design and bioavailability improvement

Research activities in the pharmaceutical sector focus primarily on developing novel drug formulations which can elicit the desired response upon being administered to the patient...

• Last update : 2023/03/10
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Freeze-drying in biology and medicine, Cryobiology, cryomedicine: general information

Thermophysical properties of hydrocarbon refrigerants

Thermophysical properties of over 20 hydrocarbon refrigerants, including single-component and blends.

• Last update : 2022/06/17
• Langues : English
• Themes : Hydrocarbons, Blends

Liquefied Natural Gas: production process and cold energy recovery

Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is natural gas that has been cooled to about -160 °C and turned into a liquid to facilitate transportation and storage. A typical LNG supply chain...

• Last update : 2023/06/23
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : LNG and LPG

Ice cream manufacturing, environmental impact and market data

From a physico-chemical point of view, ice cream is a complex, frozen multiphase mixture. The manufacturing process includes several stages of freezing which are described in this...

• Last update : 2023/06/30
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Ice creams