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IIR document
Experimental Characterization of Cooling Behavior Within a Multi-Package: Application on a Pallet of Strawberries.
A new method to describe the cooling process of packaged horticulture produce.
Computational modeling of airflow and heat transfer in a vented box during cooling: optimal package design.
Aluminium fumarate metal-organic framework coating for adsorption cooling application: Experimental study.
Experimental study on effect of reverse cycle defrost on the performance of screw refrigeration compressor.
[In Chinese. / En chinois.]
Reducing display bottle cooler energy consumption using PCM as active thermal storage.
Performance evaluation of a two-stage silica gel + water adsorption based cooling-cum-desalination system.
Recommended by the IIR / IIR document
Active magnetic regenerative cooling with smaller magnets.
Smart cooling system of the double loop coolant structure with engine thermal management modeling.
CO2 hydrate cooling system and LCC analysis for energy transportation application.
Theoretical and experimental research on heat and mass transfer process of positive pressure condensation dehumidification for humid air.
Dynamic simulation on thermal performance of gas–liquid separated solar collector system with R245fa.
Development of an innovative raw milk dispenser based on nanofluid technology.
Low-charge propane refrigeration system technology for single and multi-door bottle coolers.
Adsorption desalination using natural mesoporous material impregnated with chloride substances.
Refrigeration sector monitoring
22 results
Investing in more efficient ACs could cut future AC world energy demand by 45%
A new International Energy Agency (IEA) report “The Future of Cooling - Opportunities for energy-efficient air conditioning » states that without new efficiency standards, the world will face a “cold crunch” from the growth in air-conditioning...
The air conditioning boom in Southeast Asia
Electricity consumption needed for air conditioning in the ten ASEAN countries could quadruple between 2017 and 2040 to reach 300 TWh. But a saving of 110 TWh is possible by doubling during this period the Seasonal Energy Efficiency Ratio of...
Cooling demand is booming
The boom in cooling demand is already well established for some products in some countries: fridge ownership among Chinese urban households rose from 7% in 1995 to 95% in 2007, for example.
A humanoid robot that sweats to keep cool.
An athlete out of the ordinary.
Submersion cooling: a solution for the IT industry?
With the data centre industry growing by 12% annually, saving energy required for cooling is becoming a crucial issue and new options are being explored such as free-cooling, thermal energy storage or various means of liquid cooling, including...
Refrigerated containers: state of play and perspectives
Refrigerated containers play an essential role in the maritime refrigerated transport sector; a look back at the stages of their development and the recent and future technological advances of this...
Evaporative cooling without adding humidity
Scientists at the University of Harvard have designed a prototype evaporative cooling system called Cold-SNAP that effectively cools air at low cost for both dry and humid climates.
A 20% reduction in CO2 emissions from mobile air conditioning by 2050 is possible
A recent report from the International Energy Agency “Cooling on the Move - The future of air conditioning in vehicles” explores the current and future global energy consumption from mobile air conditioning systems, along with the resulting...
A new track for efficient cooling of electronics.
Cooling is imperative to prolonging electronic lifespan and to allow a reduction in energy use.
Heat pumps : the core technology for sustainable heating
A recent report by the IEA highlights that heat pumps are essential to reducing the use of natural gas for heating, while improving energy security, reducing emissions and ensuring...
Latest IPCC report predicts an increased risk of heatwaves
The IPCC report published in February 2022 highlights several risks posed by rising temperatures, such as increased heat waves and greater energy demand for space...
Refrigeration reduces the glycemic index of cooked rice
Several studies highlight the benefits of refrigeration on the glycaemic index of rice, which is important in the control of chronic diseases such as diabetes.
Quantum refrigerators: research is making progress
Two recent studies illustrate the progress of research on quantum refrigerators. Cooling applications for microelectronic compounds could be considered.
The stakes of air conditioning in China
A recent IEA report highlights the impressive growth in current and future demand in the air-conditioning sector in China. However, it considers that strong energy efficiency policies for air conditioners coupled with improved building design and...
Single-fuel LNG ferries with waste heat recovery systems
A Dutch ferry operator has recently commissioned two new ships with single-fuel LNG engines. The ships are also equipped with a waste heat recovery system to generate electricity.
IIR news
5 results
Member news: Ultra-low temperatures. NIST creates a more efficient pulse-tube refrigerator prototype
American researchers have created a prototype pulse-tube refrigerator that significantly reduces the time and energy required to reach temperatures close to absolute zero: an exciting advance for the quantum...
The IIR supports innovative European research projects on refrigeration
In line with its international activities, the IIR is currently involved in two European research projects both focused on very distinct areas of refrigeration technologies.
MOPIA joins the REAL Alternatives project
REAL Alternatives, the international programme for low GWP alternatives training for technicians, is delighted to announce that MOPIA, the Manitoba Ozone Protection Industry Association, has joined the...
ERC Grant Awarded to Steffen Grohmann for Advancing Cryogenic Technology
Steffen Grohmann, President of IIR Commission A1, receives an advanced grant from the European Research Council for his innovative cryogenic technology project: GRAVITHELIUM, a key technology for the Einstein...
Energy efficiency on the agenda for discussion during Montreal Protocol meetings in Vienna
Focus on the fruitful workshop on "the energy efficiency opportunities while phasing down hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs)", which preceded the 40th meeting of the Open-ended Working Group (OEWG40) of the Parties to the Montreal Protocol on Substances...
Encyclopedia of Refrigeration
8 results
Ice cream manufacturing, environmental impact and market data
From a physico-chemical point of view, ice cream is a complex, frozen multiphase mixture. The manufacturing process includes several stages of freezing which are described in this...
Cryogenic nitrogen in the food and beverage industry
The adoption of cryogenic processes in the food and beverage industry is predominantly driven by liquid nitrogen (LIN), and it is the preferred candidate for food chilling and...
Additive manufacturing of heat exchangers
In the refrigeration industry, additive manufacturing (colloquially referred to as “3D printing”) makes it possible to fabricate novel, complex and potentially more energy efficient...
Liquefied Natural Gas: production process and cold energy recovery
Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is natural gas that has been cooled to about -160 °C and turned into a liquid to facilitate transportation and storage. A typical LNG supply chain...
Nanorefrigerants
Nanorefrigerants are created by adding nanoparticles in suspension to a base refrigerant. They have a thermal conductivity that is 15% to 104% higher than that of the corresponding...
Cryogenics in the pharmaceutical industry: drug design and bioavailability improvement
Research activities in the pharmaceutical sector focus primarily on developing novel drug formulations which can elicit the desired response upon being administered to the patient...
Environmental impact of the ice cream industry
This summary document describes the environmental impact of ice cream manufacturing, which is mainly due to the energy consumption and refrigerants used.
Additive manufacturing of regenerators for caloric cooling
In many areas of engineering, additive manufacturing allows the production of complex and multifunctional products that could not be manufactured using traditional methods. In the...
