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Scientific opinion on the public health risks related to the maintenance of the cold chain during storage and transport of meat. 2. Minced meat from all species.

• Publication date: 2014/07/30
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Salmonella, Cold chain, Mince, Listeria, Meat, Transport, Time-temperature tolerance, Chilling, Yersinia, Health, Escherichia, Cold storage

IIR document

The enhancement of the critical temperature in thin aluminium films.

• Author(s) : SEDOV E., GOLOKOLENOV I., KONSTANTINIDIS G., et al.
• Publication date: 2019/05/08
• Languages : English
• Source: Cryogenics 2019. Proceedings of the 15^th IIR International Conference: Prague, Czech Republic, April 8-11, 2019.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Experimental investigations on thin polymer desiccant wheel performance.

• Author(s) : CAO T., LEE H., HWANG Y., et al.
• Publication date: 2014/08
• Languages : English
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 44
• Formats : PDF

Numerical investigation of nucleate boiling heat transfer on thin substrates.

• Author(s) : SANNA A., HUTTER C., KENNING D. B. R., et al.
• Publication date: 2014/09
• Languages : English
• Source: International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer - vol. 76
• Formats : PDF

Experimental studies on a novel thin flat heat pipe heat spreader.

• Author(s) : LI J., LV L.
• Publication date: 2016/01/25
• Languages : English
• Source: Applied Thermal Engineering - vol. 93

IIR document

Low-temperature emissivity of thin AL₂O₃ layers deposited on copper substrate.

• Author(s) : FROLEC J., KRALIK T., NYMAN L., PUDAS M., KALLIO E.
• Publication date: 2021/10/05
• Languages : English
• Source: Cryogenics 2021 online. Proceedings of the 16^th IIR International Conference, October 5-7, 2021.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Ultra-fast vitrification experiment of hamster ovary cells utilizing thin film evaporation.

• Author(s) : SU F., FAN Y., XU H., et al.
• Publication date: 2019/08/24
• Languages : English
• Source: Proceedings of the 25^th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration: Montréal , Canada, August 24-30, 2019.
• Formats : PDF

The effect of seasonal variation on thermal performance of horizontal slinky loop ground heat exchanger.

• Author(s) : SELAMAT S., MIYARA A.
• Publication date: 2014/07/14
• Languages : English
• Source: 2014 Purdue Conferences. 3rd International High Performance Buildings Conference at Purdue.
• Formats : PDF

Parametric study of ice thermal storage system with thin layer ring by Taguchi method.

• Author(s) : XIE J., YUAN C.
• Publication date: 2016/04/05
• Languages : English
• Source: Applied Thermal Engineering - vol. 98

El envasado ultralimpio y la descontaminación con nanoemulsión de orégano alarga la vida útil de la carne picada almacenada a 4°C.

Ultraclean packaging and surface decontamination with oregano essential oil nanoemulsion increases the shelf-life of minced meat stored at 4°C.

• Author(s) : LÓPEZ GÓMEZ A., ROS-CHUMILLAS M., SOTO JOVER S., et al.
• Publication date: 2018/06/19
• Languages : Spanish
• Source: CYTEF 2018. IX Congreso Ibérico y VII Congreso Iberoamericano de Ciencias y Técnicas del Frío, Valencia, España, 19-21 junio 2018.
• Formats : PDF

Numerical study of thin layer ring on improving the ice formation of building thermal storage system.

• Author(s) : XIE J., YUAN C.
• Publication date: 2014/08
• Languages : English
• Source: Applied Thermal Engineering - vol. 69 - n. 1-2

IIR document

Formation of adsorbent thin layer on aluminum sheet by using a silane coupling agent for vapor adsorption refrigeration system.

• Author(s) : CHUMNANWAT S., OTA S., NISHIZAWA J., SONTHICHAI C., TAKIGUCHI N., KODAMA A., KUMITA M.
• Publication date: 2023/02
• Languages : English
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 146
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Investigation on characteristics of thin films made from two kinds of silane-couplers to control adhesion force of ice to solid surfaces.

• Author(s) : MATSUMOTO K., SAKAGUCHI T., TSUBAKI D., et al.
• Publication date: 2015/05
• Languages : English
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 53
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Enzymatic hydrolysis of cod heads – effect of freezing and thawing on the quality and composition of protein hydrolysates.

• Author(s) : TVEIT G. M., CARVAJAL A. K., SLIZYTE R., MELDSTAD F., NORDTVEDT T. S., REMME J., RUSTAD T.
• Publication date: 2020/08/26
• Languages : English
• Source: 6^th IIR International Conference on Sustainability and the Cold Chain. Proceedings: Nantes, France, August 26-28 2020
• Formats : PDF, Video

IIR document

Cryoprotective and antioxidative effects of gelatin hydrolysate from unicorn leatherjacket skin.

• Author(s) : KARNJANAPRATUM S., BENJAKUL S.
• Publication date: 2015/01
• Languages : English
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 49
• Formats : PDF

Regulations Reminder

The EC Directorate General of Fair Trading, Consumer Affairs and Fraud Control (DGCCRF) has put out information on Decree No. 2005-944 of August 2, 2005. The latter modifies Decree No. 64-949 of September 9, 1964 in order to bring it into line...

• Publication date : 2006/01/19

Performance comparison of R1234yf and R134a

A study published in Applied Thermal Engineering compares the performance of HFC-134a and HFO-1234yf as drop-in alternative in automotive air conditioning systems.

• Publication date : 2017/05/24

Impact of failures on the performance of refrigeration systems 

An Australian study assesses the impact of failures of different refrigeration systems on their performance. Various air conditioning systems, refrigerated display cabinets and walk-in cold rooms were put to the...

• Publication date : 2022/12/12

New heat pump life cycle performance assessment tool

The Air-conditioning, Heating and Refrigeration Technology Institute (AHRTI) developed a tool to calculate Life Cycle Climate Performance (LCCP), using Microsoft Excel.

• Publication date : 2012/06/27

Not-in-kind cooling technologies performance comparison

This study proposes a quantitative comparison of refrigerants and system performance of not-in-kind cooling technologies.

• Publication date : 2016/08/16

Purdue highlights: R410A “drop-ins”performance

According to a paper presented at Purdue in July 2016, two new “drop-in” alternatives to R410A are said to have exhibited very similar performance in experimental tests. This paper will be available in Fridoc in te near future.

• Publication date : 2016/09/07

R452A performance and environmental impact in refrigerated transport

A paper presented at the IIR ICCC conference in China provides a review of R452A properties, system performance and LCCP impact as an alternative refrigerant in refrigerated transport.

• Publication date : 2018/05/17

Improving the energy performance of cold stores

During ICCC2013, J. Evans presented results of surveys and audits which aimed at collecting data on the energy use in various types of cold stores.

• Publication date : 2013/09/27

Heat exchanger design can improve the performance of PCMs

According to a recent review article, optimising the design of heat exchangers in latent heat thermal energy storage systems (LHTES) is one way of improving the thermal conductivity of phase change materials...

• Publication date : 2021/02/12
• Subjects: Technology

Household refrigerators: HFO performance as drop-in replacement for R-134a

During the IIR co-sponsored International Refrigeration and Air-conditioning Conference at Purdue in 2012, K.M Karber et al. from Oak Ridge National Laboratory, United States, presented* the results of a performance test on R1234yf and R1234ze,...

• Publication date : 2013/06/07

IJR highlights: impacts of refrigerant charge on system performance

A team from Purdue University recently published* in the International Journal of Refrigeration a study showing the impact of charge level on capacity and efficiency for several heat-pump and air-conditioning units tested at various refrigerant...

• Publication date : 2013/03/28

A new non-flammable mixture to boost the performance of CO2 systems

In a recent IJR article, researchers propose combining R744 with Dimethyl-ether (DME) to boost system performance while ensuring safety and low environmental impact, in a recent IJR...

• Publication date : 2024/02/26
• Subjects: Technology

Promising performances for a PCM used in refrigerated transport

British and Chinese scientists collaborated to develop a refrigerated container which can keep the inside temperature between 5 and 12°C for up to 120 hours.

• Publication date : 2019/01/31

Australia: Minimum Energy Performance Standards for commercial refrigeration now in force

As of October 1, 2004, refrigerated display cabinets manufactured in, or imported into, Australia must comply Minimum Energy Performance Standards (MEPS) which are set out in AS 1731.14-2003 Refrigerated display cabinets - Minimum energy...

• Publication date : 2004/11/19

Temperature and energy performance of domestic cold appliances in England

A paper from A. Biglia et al.presents the results of a large-scale survey of domestic cold appliances in households in England, UK. Simultaneous measurements of the temperature inside and outside of the cold appliances, as well as the electricity...

• Publication date : 2018/04/30

IIR Working Group publishes Guidelines for Life Cycle Climate Performance

The Guidelines for Life Cycle Climate Performance (LCCP) provide a harmonised method to calculate the LCCP for all types of stationary air conditioning, heat pumping and refrigeration systems.

• Publication date : 2016/01/27

Discover the 32nd IIR Informatory Note on the “Harmonization of Life Cycle Climate Performance Methodology”

This Informatory Note summarises the LCCP guidelines prepared by the Working Group. It provides recommended assumptions and data sources for different types of units, presents the various existing LCCP tools and outlines usages and limitations of...

• Publication date : 2016/11/09

Clim'Eco: the IIR is a partner of this new program, which began this year in Réunion.

This program aims to promote a reasonable use and good maintenance of air conditioning in the French overseas departments.

• Publication date : 2020/10/22

Catch up on the IIR Working Group on LCCP evaluation in Chicago

IIR Working Group on Life Cycle Climate Performance (LCCP) evaluation continues to make impressive headway.

• Publication date : 2015/02/11

Book your spot! Training session on food refrigeration systems

From July 1 to 5 2024, Professor Don Cleland will be leading a training  workshop in London entitled “Cost-Effective Refrigeration”. 

• Publication date : 2024/05/28

Job opportunities: Sainsbury’s is looking for young graduate engineers.

Sainsbury’s is looking for young graduate engineers: £27,000 (32,500 €) starting salary, six monthly reviews and performance relative bonus.

• Publication date : 2014/02/06

Job opportunities: Sainsbury’s is looking for young graduate engineers.

Sainsbury’s is looking for young graduate engineers: £27,000 (32,500 €) starting salary, six monthly reviews and performance relative bonus.

• Publication date : 2014/05/19

New in our Encyclopedia: additive manufacturing for refrigeration equipment

Additive manufacturing makes it possible to optimise the geometry and performance of cooling components such as heat exchangers and regenerators for caloric...

• Publication date : 2022/09/28
• Subjects: Technology

Check out the latest news from FRISBEE!

In this issue two hot topics: the test carried out to increase refrigerator performance and field test monitoring of the food cold chain in European markets.

• Publication date : 2014/03/10

IIR member news: Johnson Controls YORK chiller optimised for R1233zd(E)

The YORK YZ magnetic bearing centrifugal chiller, produced by Johnson Controls, is said to be the first chiller fully optimized for ultimate performance with the low-global warming potential refrigerant R1233zd(E).

• Publication date : 2019/01/31

New IIR Informatory Note. Low-GWP Refrigerants: Status and Outlook

The latest IIR Informatory Note outlines the options available for low-GWP refrigerants and their respective performance. It provides a series of recommendations on refrigerant...

• Publication date : 2022/07/08
• Subjects: HFCs alternatives

Second meeting of the IIR Working Party on LCCP Evaluation in Gaithersburg

The second meeting of the IIR Working Party on Life Cycle Climate Performance (LCCP) Evaluation took place at NIST in Gaithersburg, MD, USA.. The minutes of the meeting and other documents can be consulted on the Web page of the working party. The...

• Publication date : 2012/11/12

Additive manufacturing of regenerators for caloric cooling

In many areas of engineering, additive manufacturing allows the production of complex and multifunctional products that could not be manufactured using traditional methods. In the...

• Last update : 2022/09/16
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Caloric cooling (magnetocaloric, electrocaloric, elastocaloric and barocaloric cooling)

Cryogenic nitrogen in the food and beverage industry

The adoption of cryogenic processes in the food and beverage industry is predominantly driven by liquid nitrogen (LIN), and it is the preferred candidate for food chilling and...

• Last update : 2023/11/07
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Freezing of foodstuffs

Nanorefrigerants

Nanorefrigerants are created by adding nanoparticles in suspension to a base refrigerant. They have a thermal conductivity that is 15% to 104% higher than that of the corresponding...

• Last update : 2022/06/17
• Langues : English, French
• Themes : Nanofluids

Hydrocarbon refrigerants

Hydrocarbons such as R290 (propane), R600a (isobutane) or R1270 (propene/propylene) are low GWP non-toxic natural refrigerants with excellent thermodynamic properties. They offer an...

• Last update : 2022/06/22
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Hydrocarbons, Containment, refrigerant charge reduction

Additive manufacturing of heat exchangers

In the refrigeration industry, additive manufacturing (colloquially referred to as “3D printing”) makes it possible to fabricate novel, complex and potentially more energy efficient...

• Last update : 2022/09/07
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Evaporators, condensers and other heat exchangers

Liquefied Natural Gas: production process and cold energy recovery

Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is natural gas that has been cooled to about -160 °C and turned into a liquid to facilitate transportation and storage. A typical LNG supply chain...

• Last update : 2023/06/23
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : LNG and LPG