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The odyssey of air-conditioning.

• Author(s) : JAIN P. C.
• Publication date: 2016/03
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Outlook, History, Air conditioning
• Source: Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Journal - vol. 19 - n. 2
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Cryopreservation - A fundamental underpinning technology for the development of a sustainable blue economy.

• Author(s) : DAY J. G.
• Publication date: 2016/09/08
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Outlook, Algae, Storage, Cryopreservation
• Source: 2^nd IIR Workshop on cold applications in life sciences.
• Formats : PDF

Recommended by the IIR

Africa Energy Outlook 2022

• Author(s) : IEA
• Publication date: 2022/06
• Languages : English
• Formats : PDF

Recommended by the IIR

World Energy Outlook 2019.

• Author(s) : IEA
• Publication date: 2019/11
• Languages : English
• Formats : PDF

World Energy Outlook 2023.

• Author(s) : IEA
• Publication date: 2023/10
• Languages : English
• Formats : PDF

World Energy Outlook 2021.

• Author(s) : IEA
• Publication date: 2021/10
• Languages : English
• Formats : PDF

World Energy Outlook 2022.

• Author(s) : IEA
• Publication date: 2022/10
• Languages : English
• Formats : Website

Prospects and Challenges to Transfer New Technology to A5 Countries. ASHRAE perspective.

• Author(s) : HAYTER S. J.
• Publication date: 2017/04/06
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Training, Standardization, Outlook, Research, Developing country
• Source: Sustainable management of refrigeration technologies in marine and off-shore fisheries sectors.
• Formats : PDF

Institutional & regulatory frameworks required for sustainable management of refrigeration technologies in marine and off-shore fisheries in A5 countries: Government of Indonesia perspectives.

• Author(s) : ZULHASNI B.
• Publication date: 2017/04/06
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Outlook, Indonesia, R22, Developing country, HFC
• Source: Sustainable management of refrigeration technologies in marine and off-shore fisheries sectors.
• Formats : PDF

Prospects and Challenges to Transfer New Technology to A5 Countries: Chinese Academy of Sciences' perspectives.

• Author(s) : TIAN C.
• Publication date: 2017/04/06
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Outlook, HCFC, R744, R717, Developing country
• Source: Sustainable management of refrigeration technologies in marine and off-shore fisheries sectors.
• Formats : PDF

Cold energy: l'impianto frigorifero con il turbocompressore.

Cold energy: the refrigeration system with the turbocompressor.

• Author(s) : ASCANI M.
• Publication date: 2015/10
• Languages : Italian
• Keywords : Turbine, Refrigerating system, Outlook, Performance, Compressor
• Source: Industria & Formazione - vol. 39 - n.394
• Formats : PDF

Latin America Energy Outlook 2023.

• Author(s) : IEA
• Publication date: 2023/11
• Languages : English
• Formats : PDF

Recommended by the IIR

GECF Global Gas Outlook 2050 Synopsis 

• Author(s) : Gas Exporting Countries Forum
• Publication date: 2021/02
• Languages : English

IIR document

Refrigerants: There is still no vision for sustainable solutions.

• Author(s) : CICONKOV R.
• Publication date: 2018/02
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Outlook, Natural refrigerant, Ammonia, Hydrocarbon, HFO, HFC, Refrigerant
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 86
• Formats : PDF

Development status of auto-cascade refrigeration technology.

[In Chinese. / En chinois.]

• Author(s) : LIU P., SHENG W., JIAO Z., et al.
• Publication date: 2015/08
• Languages : Chinese
• Keywords : Technology, Outlook, Process, Performance, Cascade system, Mixture, Refrigerant
• Source: Journal of Refrigeration - vol. 36 - n. 164
• Formats : PDF

Green building outlook strong for non-residential and residential sectors

Green was expected to represent 44% of all commercial and institutional construction in 2012, growing to 55% by 2016. Green home and renovation activity are expected to grow to 20% in 2012 and 38% by 2016

• Publication date : 2013/04/25
• Subjects: Environment, Figures, economy

Chile's energy outlook

Summary of an article published in the Santiago Times in January 2018.

• Publication date : 2018/02/08
• Subjects: Figures, economy

World energy outlook

Gas is the fastest growing fossil fuel (1.8% p.a.). The global trade share of gas remains around 30%. But within that,LNG trade grows twice as fast as consumption, with LNG’s share of world demand rising from 10% in 2014 to 15% in 2035.

• Publication date : 2016/05/30
• Subjects: Figures, economy

The LNG sector: outlook

LNG sales are expected to reach 240.8Mt in 2012, approximately 1Mt less than 2011.

• Publication date : 2013/12/20

India and US solar market outlook

India and US amongst global leader in solar energy.

• Publication date : 2016/08/08

Saudi Arabia HVAC-R market outlook, 2021

A market forecast in different sectors of refrigeration was presented during the 2017 edition of HVAC-R Expo Saudi.

• Publication date : 2017/10/23
• Subjects: Developing country, Figures, economy

HVAC equipment sales in Brazil: brief outlook for 2013

Sales growth in the air-conditioning, refrigeration, ventilation and solar heating (refrigeration market) segments is being driven by the Brazilians’ increased purchasing power, expansion and modernization of factories and commercial spaces.

• Publication date : 2014/01/13
• Subjects: Figures, economy

Danfoss white paper on the global trends within refrigerants in refrigeration and air conditioning

Danfoss international group of experts made a projection on the refrigerant outlook within the main sectors and regions.

• Publication date : 2016/07/11

GL2012 highlights: photovoltaic vs solar thermal cooling in Europe

In their paper presented during the 10th IIR Gustav Lorentzen Conference on Natural Refrigerants in June 2012, Kohlenbach et al. give an outlook of the current and potential situation of solar cooling in Europe.

• Publication date : 2012/11/26

Global LNG supply: the potential of Africa, South and Central America

IGU provides an update on the LNG supply outlook for countries in Africa, Central and South America. 

• Publication date : 2022/10/27
• Subjects: Developing country, Figures, economy

The HVACR workforce in the United States

According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, there were over 800,000 technician and engineer jobs related to heating and refrigeration in the US in 2021.

• Publication date : 2023/04/17
• Subjects: Figures, economy

Recent geothermal energy-based district cooling projects

In December 2023, district cooling projects using geothermal energy were launched in France and the United Arab Emirates.

• Publication date : 2024/01/25
• Subjects: Technology

Sustainable Africa scenario 2030: refrigeration drives households electricity demand

According to the IEA’s sustainable Africa scenario, refrigeration appliances, including air conditioners, will drive most of the increase in household electricity demand by 2030. The...

• Publication date : 2022/06/27
• Subjects: Developing country, Figures, economy

Latest progress of the LNG industry in Africa

Africa is expected to increase its share of LNG production by 2050. Emerging infrastructures and gas-specific regulations suggest that the region will become a major LNG hub. 

• Publication date : 2021/04/28
• Subjects: Developing country, Figures, economy

The HVACR workforce in the United States in 2022

According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, the number of technicians employed in the heating and refrigeration sector in the US rose between 2021 and 2022.

• Publication date : 2024/01/12
• Subjects: Figures, economy

New IIR Informatory Note. Low-GWP Refrigerants: Status and Outlook

The latest IIR Informatory Note outlines the options available for low-GWP refrigerants and their respective performance. It provides a series of recommendations on refrigerant...

• Publication date : 2022/07/08
• Subjects: HFCs alternatives

Past events: The IIR around the world

Focus on ammonia, cryogenics and heat pumps! Take a look back at the most recent events in which the IIR has participated. 

• Publication date : 2023/05/27

We are hiring a techical project manager

The IIR is involved in diverse projects supporting academia and countries. The person employed in this position will reinforce the IIR project department and will develop and secure new projects for the IIR and...

• Publication date : 2024/04/08

Ever-expanding market research resources at your fingertips

The IIR enhances its market research resources

• Publication date : 2015/05/27

Cooling data centres: A major economic challenge

Larger data centres can use a staggering amount of energy just to ensure the day-to-day running of electronic equipment. As a result, these data centres can produce a great deal of heat, which require large-scale cooling systems in order to...

• Publication date : 2017/03/29

IIR economic news service: the latest from our market report partners

The IIR has established partnerships with several leading market research companies, as well as with establishments that combine and provide detailed reports and global analytical studies on different sectors of the refrigeration or economic...

• Publication date : 2016/12/07

World Refrigeration Day 2021 reaches every corner of the globe!

This year, seven organisations partnered with World Refrigeration Day to bring to the limelight the exciting career opportunities in fields relying on refrigeration.

• Publication date : 2021/09/08

Global warming potential (GWP) of HFC refrigerants

Using the latest updated data from UNEP’s RTOC 2022 report, we have compiled the 100-year GWP and 20-year GWP values of hydrofluorocarbon-based (HFC) refrigerants. Our table includes...

• Last update : 2023/09/15
• Langues : English, French
• Themes : HFCs

Environmental impact of the ice cream industry

This summary document describes the environmental impact of ice cream manufacturing, which is mainly due to the energy consumption and refrigerants used.

• Last update : 2022/11/17
• Langues : English, French
• Themes : General information on environment (climate change, ozone depletion…)