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Cryopreservation of epididymal stallion sperm.
Protective effects of propolis on cryopreservation of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) sperm.
Investigating sperm cryopreservation in a model tunicate, Ciona intestinalis sp. A.
Advances in sperm cryopreservation in farm animals: cattle, horse, pig and sheep
IIR document
Comparison of hormonal stimulation influence on quality of sterlet (Acipenser ruthenus) and silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) sperm.
The improving effect of reduced glutathione on boar sperm cryotolerance is related with the intrinsic ejaculate freezability.
Improved sperm cryosurvival in diluents containing amides versus glycerol in the Przewalski’s horse (Equus ferus przewalskii).
Cryopreservation of mutant mice.
Cryopreservation by vitrification: basic thermodynamic principals, methods and devices.
Cryopreservation of semen in domestic animals: a review of current challenges, applications, and prospective strategies.
Recommended by the IIR
The natural cryoprotectant honey for fertility cryopreservation.
Ultrasound-assisted cryopreservation of gametes.
From conventional to magnetic refrigerator technology.
Recommended by the IIR / IIR document
Cryopreservation innovations in reproductive biotechnologies: meeting biobanking challenges in human and veterinary application.
Control of sperm concentration is necessary for standardization of sperm cryopreservation in aquatic species: evidence from sperm agglutination in oysters.
Refrigeration sector monitoring
17 results
Japan scientists launch freeze-dry animal sperm bank
Japanese scientists have launched a sperm bank for endangered animals that uses freeze-drying technology.
Incorporating PCMs in buildings material for energy conservation
The incorporation of PCMs in building materials is particularly interesting since it permits thermal storage to become a part of the building structure and is completely passive.
Radiative cooling: smart materials to switch from heating to cooling
Researchers have developed a radiative thermal management device, composed of several layers of reflective/absorbent materials, capable of switching between heating and cooling...
Freeze-drying of fruit does retain its nutritional goodness
A study at Sheffield Hallam University and Chaucer Foods has found that freeze drying strawberries had no significant impact on their nutrient content.
Heat exchanger design can improve the performance of PCMs
According to a recent review article, optimising the design of heat exchangers in latent heat thermal energy storage systems (LHTES) is one way of improving the thermal conductivity of phase change materials...
Cryogenics and 3D-printing techniques could allow the replication of human tissues
A team of researchers from Imperial College London have developed a new technique which could allow the replication of human brain and lung tissue and regenerate damaged parts.
Efficient refrigeration helped reduce German retailers’energy costs
Energy costs per m2 of retail space in the food trade is more important than in the non-food sector.
Heat from Scottish water could save € 300 million
Using heat pumps in the rivers and lochs of Scotland could save businesses in the country around € 300 million annually on bills.
India: increased investment in the cold chain could reduce food losses and cut CO2 emissions.
Roughly 18% of fruits and vegetables are wasted each year due to the lack of post-harvest storage infrastructure.
“Soft chill” technology improves temperature control for food processors
A new way of using liquid nitrogen to control the temperature of foods while they are being processed will improve quality, even when used with the most heat-sensitive or reactive foods, according to Air Products.
Photovoltaic thermal system combined with adsorption cooling achieves 75% efficiency
Researchers from IBM Zurich research laboratory combined photovoltaic (PV) and solar thermal techniques in a high-concentration PV thermal (HCPVT) system to achieve efficient electrical cooling output without the need for extra cells.
Successful test of the cryogenic engine to be used to launch India's second moon mission
The Indian Space Research Organisation has successfully tested the Cryogenic Engine CE-20, which will power GSLV Mk-III, the launch vehicle for Chandrayaan-2, India's second lunar exploration mission.
Channel Tunnel's new refrigeration system achieves energy savings of over 30%
R1233zd(E) proves its efficiency in Europe's largest cooling system.
21 countries have ratified the Kigali Amendment, allowing the treaty to enter into force on January 2019
On November 17, 2017, Sweden and Trinidad and Tobago became the 20th and 21st countries to ratify the Kigali Amendment, ensuring that the global HFC phase down will come into force on 1 January 2019.
Rapid low-temperature process adds weeks to milk's shelf life
A rapid heating and cooling of milk significantly reduces the amount of harmful bacteria present, extending by several weeks the shelf life of milk, according to a Purdue University study.
IIR news
2 results
International collaboration: The key to a prosperous future in refrigeration
The IIR puts its international network into action for the benefit of all.
The Cold Chain: A logistical challenge at the heart of the distribution of the COVID-19 vaccine
Gérald Cavalier - President of the Science and Technology Council of the International Institute of Refrigeration, President of the French Association of Refrigeration, President of the Cemafroid...
Encyclopedia of Refrigeration
10 results
Cryogenic nitrogen in the food and beverage industry
The adoption of cryogenic processes in the food and beverage industry is predominantly driven by liquid nitrogen (LIN), and it is the preferred candidate for food chilling and...
Ice cream manufacturing, environmental impact and market data
From a physico-chemical point of view, ice cream is a complex, frozen multiphase mixture. The manufacturing process includes several stages of freezing which are described in this...
Cryogenics in the pharmaceutical industry: drug design and bioavailability improvement
Research activities in the pharmaceutical sector focus primarily on developing novel drug formulations which can elicit the desired response upon being administered to the patient...
Additive manufacturing of regenerators for caloric cooling
In many areas of engineering, additive manufacturing allows the production of complex and multifunctional products that could not be manufactured using traditional methods. In the...
Additive manufacturing of heat exchangers
In the refrigeration industry, additive manufacturing (colloquially referred to as “3D printing”) makes it possible to fabricate novel, complex and potentially more energy efficient...
Liquefied Natural Gas: production process and cold energy recovery
Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is natural gas that has been cooled to about -160 °C and turned into a liquid to facilitate transportation and storage. A typical LNG supply chain...
Nanorefrigerants
Nanorefrigerants are created by adding nanoparticles in suspension to a base refrigerant. They have a thermal conductivity that is 15% to 104% higher than that of the corresponding...
Hydrocarbon refrigerants
Hydrocarbons such as R290 (propane), R600a (isobutane) or R1270 (propene/propylene) are low GWP non-toxic natural refrigerants with excellent thermodynamic properties. They offer an...
Cold storage conditions for fruits and vegetables
Practical recommendations for the cold storage of over 200 cultivars of fruits, vegetables and herbs (storage temperatures, relative humidity, storage time, controlled atmosphere...
Global warming potential (GWP) of HFC refrigerants
Using the latest updated data from UNEP’s RTOC 2022 report, we have compiled the 100-year GWP and 20-year GWP values of hydrofluorocarbon-based (HFC) refrigerants. Our table includes...
