Main menu
Search results
Search in FRIDOC
5 results
Modernization of the 16-stage axial compressor of the industrial gas turbine power unit for new operating conditions.
IIR document
Optimization of cooling and weight loss during veal carcass chilling.
MISCONCEPTIONS ABOUT MEAT AND FISH CHILLING.
VALORISATION DES ABATS PAR COMBINAISON DU FROID ET DES TRAITEMENTS IONISANTS : APPLICATION AU FOIE BOVIN.
VALORIZATION OF EDIBLE OFFALS BY COMBINATION OF REFRIGERATION AND IONIZING RADIATION PROCESS: APPLICATION TO BOVINE LIVER.
Quick freezing with carbon dioxide to achieve higher product quality.
Refrigeration sector monitoring
342 results
EU figures reveal big increase in listeriosis and a marked drop in Salmonella infections
Listeria infections in the EU were up 19% in 2009, resulting in 270 deaths from listeriosis. The annual figures on food borne pathogens from European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) and European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) gave a...
Report reveals chilled beams potential
Results show that for both the passive (17%) and active (22%) beams, energy consumption was lower than that of the VAV fan coil system.
Development and evaluation of a reversible CO2 residential air conditioning system compared to a state-of-the art R410a unit
This paper was presented at the IIR Gustav Lorentzen Conference in Glasgow (Sep. 2004). A reversible CO2 prototype RAC split unit system was designed, built and installed in two calorimetric test chambers. The unit is based on the Lorentzen Cycle...
Briefs: Record-breaking CDM deals in Asia
The Clean Development Mechanism, established under the Kyoto Protocol, is a project and market-based mechanism that allows industrialized countries to invest in greenhouse-gas-mitigating activities in developing countries and earn certified...
Out of ordinary: Chilled Medieval Book
A 1000-year-old Book of Psalms has been discovered by a construction worker in Ireland and is now stored in refrigeration at the National Museum of Ireland in Dublin. The book was found in a bog and the tannic acid content of the bog is thought to...
China evaluates the real risks of hydrocarbons
According to JARN, China intends to switch half its production of split air conditioners to propane in order to meet the objectives of the HCFC Phase-Out Management Plan by 2015.This involved identifying potential leakage points and using...
How to evaluate the refrigerating capacity of compressors?
Most compressor manufacturers express the capacity of their compressors using the "nominal capacity" of the motor, expressed in HP (1 Horse Power = 0.735 kW) which does not give precise information on the refrigerating capacity of the compressor....
AHRI launches a low-GWP alternative refrigerant evaluation programme
In response to environmental concerns raised by the use of high global warming potential (GWP) refrigerants, the Air-Conditioning, Heating, and Refrigeration Institute (AHRI) is launching an industry-wide cooperative research program to identify...
Evaluating lubricants for lower GWP refrigerant compressor operation.
Summary of an interesting paper from the recent Purdue conference.
EU F-Gas review: feedbacks on the preliminary findings of the evaluation study
The preliminary evaluation report submitted in May at the request of the European Commission by Öko-Recherche and Ricardo raised some questions.
The European Commission has initiated an evaluation of the Regulation n°1005/2009 on ozone-depleting substances (ODS)
The European Commission recently published a roadmap ahead of the evaluation of the effectiveness of European ODS Regulation n°1005/2009.
European Commission launches €1 billion Green Deal call
Organised under 10 key focus areas and 20 topics, the European Green Deal aims to tackle the challenges and take advantage of the opportunities of climate change.
Assessing the market potential of industrial heat pumps in Europe
To address the lack of product development of high temperature heat pumps, a recent article provides manufacturers with an estimate of the industrial heat pump market potential in...
Assessment of the environmental impact of domestic refrigerators using LCCP
The environmental impact of domestic refrigerators over their lifetime has been quantified in different configurations (operating cycles, materials, insulation) in a recent IJR article.
A study assesses alternative mixtures to two pure hydrocarbon refrigerants
An article reviews more than 11,000 mixtures of refrigerants that could be interesting alternatives to pure R290 and R600a.
IIR news
161 results
Winners of the IIR Scientific Awards 2019 revealed
This time round, the IIR received a record number of applications and submissions to its various awards and is delighted to announce the winners.
Second meeting of the IIR Working Party on LCCP Evaluation in Gaithersburg
The second meeting of the IIR Working Party on Life Cycle Climate Performance (LCCP) Evaluation took place at NIST in Gaithersburg, MD, USA.. The minutes of the meeting and other documents can be consulted on the Web page of the working party. The...
New IIR Working Party on LCCP evaluation: first meeting planned in Delft on June 28, 2012, during the 10th IIR-G. Lorentzen Conference
The IIR is inviting commission, private, and corporate members of the IIR and more generally all experts whose knowledge of the subject will benefit the working party to join it.
Catch up on the IIR Working Group on LCCP evaluation in Chicago
IIR Working Group on Life Cycle Climate Performance (LCCP) evaluation continues to make impressive headway.
ICR2015: A stimulating environment for dynamic exchanges
With a focus on improving standards and the quality of life of many worldwide, as well as emphasising the importance of preserving the earth through the advancement of refrigeration applications and technology, ICR2015 is expected to attract a...
IIR member news: Daikin
From 2012 to March 2015, over 3 million units of Daikin’s residential and commercial air conditioners using the “mildly flammable” R32 have been sold in 43 countries.
IIR member news: Cemafroid, IRSTEA and AFCE
A new study on the containment of refrigerants has been launched with the aim of identifying and promoting best practices in this regard.
Highlights from COP13/MOP36 – Day 3
The IIR concluded another successful side event on natural refrigerants at COP13/MOP36. Today's session brought together a diverse group of government representatives, industry leaders, and environmental experts...
New IIR Working Groups focus on core matters in refrigeration
IIR Working Groups (WGs) operate on a temporary basis and bring together specialists to work on projects concerning current technological, social or economic issues linked to refrigeration. Their aim is to promote development, provide knowledge...
Ohrid 2015: Ammonia and CO2 refrigeration technologies at the forefront
In light of the intense debate on the F-Gas regulation, its implementation worldwide, as well as proposed amendments to the Montreal Protocol, the conference provided the ideal forum for the exchange of knowledge on ammonia and CO2 technologies.
WGC PARIS 2015: “Growing together towards a friendly planet”
The 26th World Gas Conference (WGC), held in Paris last week, offered attendees an ideal opportunity for networking, learning and sharing information on the latest developments
The IIR participated in the South African Road Show
The Department of Environmental affairs of the Republic of South Africa (DEA), in collaboration with UNIDO, organised a Road Show in South Africa on June 11-22, 2018.
Statement given by Didier Coulomb, Director General of the IIR, during MOP 31
Statement Given by the Director General of the International Institute of Refrigeration (IIR) during the 31st Meeting of the Parties to the Montreal Protocol (MOP-31) in Rome (November 4-8,...
Statement given by Didier Coulomb, Director General of the IIR, during MOP 28
Statement Given by the Director General of the International Institute of Refrigeration (IIR) during the 28th Meeting of the Parties to the Montreal Protocol (MOP-28) in Kigali...
Cooling data centres: A major economic challenge
Larger data centres can use a staggering amount of energy just to ensure the day-to-day running of electronic equipment. As a result, these data centres can produce a great deal of heat, which require large-scale cooling systems in order to...
Encyclopedia of Refrigeration
16 results
Additive manufacturing of heat exchangers
In the refrigeration industry, additive manufacturing (colloquially referred to as “3D printing”) makes it possible to fabricate novel, complex and potentially more energy efficient...
Nanorefrigerants
Nanorefrigerants are created by adding nanoparticles in suspension to a base refrigerant. They have a thermal conductivity that is 15% to 104% higher than that of the corresponding...
Kigali Amendment status per country
List of the 163 countries that have accepted, approved or ratified the Kigali Amendment as of November 15, 2024.
Cryogenics in the pharmaceutical industry: drug design and bioavailability improvement
Research activities in the pharmaceutical sector focus primarily on developing novel drug formulations which can elicit the desired response upon being administered to the patient...
Ice cream manufacturing, environmental impact and market data
From a physico-chemical point of view, ice cream is a complex, frozen multiphase mixture. The manufacturing process includes several stages of freezing which are described in this...
Global warming potential (GWP) of HFC refrigerants
Using the latest updated data from UNEP’s RTOC 2022 report, we have compiled the 100-year GWP and 20-year GWP values of hydrofluorocarbon-based (HFC) refrigerants. Our table includes...
Global HFC emissions from the refrigeration sector
This table shows HFC emissions from the refrigeration sector – including air conditioning – in million tonnes of CO2 equivalent for about 40 countries that are signatories...
Cryogenic nitrogen in the food and beverage industry
The adoption of cryogenic processes in the food and beverage industry is predominantly driven by liquid nitrogen (LIN), and it is the preferred candidate for food chilling and...
Thermophysical properties of HFC refrigerants
Thermophysical properties of over 100 HFC refrigerants, including single-component and blends.
Thermophysical properties of HFO refrigerants
Thermophysical properties of over 50 HFO refrigerants, including single-component and blends.
Thermophysical properties of hydrocarbon refrigerants
Thermophysical properties of over 20 hydrocarbon refrigerants, including single-component and blends.
Liquefied Natural Gas: production process and cold energy recovery
Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is natural gas that has been cooled to about -160 °C and turned into a liquid to facilitate transportation and storage. A typical LNG supply chain...
Cold storage conditions for fruits and vegetables
Practical recommendations for the cold storage of over 200 cultivars of fruits, vegetables and herbs (storage temperatures, relative humidity, storage time, controlled atmosphere...
Hydrocarbon refrigerants
Hydrocarbons such as R290 (propane), R600a (isobutane) or R1270 (propene/propylene) are low GWP non-toxic natural refrigerants with excellent thermodynamic properties. They offer an...
For IIR members only
Heat pump stock in Europe
This table presents the stock of installed heat pumps, the CO2 emissions avoided and the number of jobs in the heat pump sector in Europe.
Events
1 result
Sponsored event
Clima 2025: 15th REHVA HVAC World Congress
June 04, 2025 - June 05, 2025
Milan, Italy
Buildings for the climate of the future: the key role of the HVAC sector The REHVA HVAC World Congress CLIMA is one of the leading international scientific congress in the field of heating,...
Find out more
