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Comparison of total energy intensity of conventional central AC systems with transcritical CO2 AC systems.

Author(s) : VISSER K.

Summary

The revival of CO2/NH3 cascade technology has seen explosive growth with many successful applications. It was mainly driven by Occupational and Public Health and Safety (OPHS) issues more recently, we have seen the development of transcritical CO2 applications for Mobile Air Conditioning (MAC), supermarket refrigeration, domestic hot water heat pumps, Coca-Cola drink coolers, etc. The European Commission's Environment Directorate has issued the EU F-gases Regulation and MAC directive. There are therefore three significant forces at play. One force is against the more widespread use of NH3. Another force is against HFCs. The third force favours maintaining the existing status quo. In this paper, the advantages and disadvantages of transcritical CO2 systems are compared with conventional industrial NH3 and HFC air-conditioning systems in terms of OPHS, water consumption for cooling, total system COP taking into account all parasitic electrical and refrigeration loads like condenser and cooling tower fans and pumps, air cooled gas coolers, tap-, heating- and AC reheat water heating by the discharge gases of the transcritical CO2 compressors, liquid refrigerant pumps, supply and return air fans, cooling water pumps, chilled water circulating pumps, etc. Suggestions are made on how to best take advantage of locally prevailing seasonal climatic conditions to arrive at minimum energy and water consumption through a year's running.

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Pages: 2007-2

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Details

  • Original title: Comparison of total energy intensity of conventional central AC systems with transcritical CO2 AC systems.
  • Record ID : 2007-2242
  • Languages: English
  • Subject: HFCs alternatives
  • Source: Ammonia Refrigeration Technology for Today and Tomorrow.
  • Publication date: 2007/04/19

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