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IIR document

Electrocaloric vs. magnetocaloric energy conversion.

• Author(s) : OZBOLT M., KITANOVSKI A., TUSEK J., et al.
• Publication date: 2014/01
• Languages : English
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 37 - n. 1
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Study of the energy conversion chain in a thermomagnetic generator.

• Author(s) : AHMIM S., ALMANZA M., PASKO A., et al.
• Publication date: 2018/09/16
• Languages : English
• Source: 8^th International Conference on Caloric Cooling (Thermag VIII). Proceedings: Darmstadt, Germany, September 16-20, 2018.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Ways of heat accounting of the ortho-para conversion at simulation of hydrogen liquefier cycles.

• Author(s) : PARSHIN S., NAVASARDYAN E., ARKHAROV I., et al.
• Publication date: 2019/08/24
• Languages : English
• Source: Proceedings of the 25^th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration: Montréal , Canada, August 24-30, 2019.
• Formats : PDF

Research on frequency conversion technology of metro station's ventilation and air-conditioning system.

• Author(s) : YANG Z., YU Z., YU L., et al.
• Publication date: 2014/08
• Languages : English
• Source: Applied Thermal Engineering - vol. 69 - n. 1-2

Transient modeling of a gas-liquid piston-cylinder mechanism for low temperature energy conversion applications.

• Author(s) : OZCAN H., ZAMFIRESCU C., DINCER I., et al.
• Publication date: 2017/01
• Languages : English
• Source: International Journal of thermal Sciences - vol. 111

IIR document

Conversion of a direct to an indirect commercial (HFC134a/CO2) cascade refrigeration system: energy impact analysis.

• Author(s) : SÁNCHEZ D., LLOPIS R., CABELLO R., et al.
• Publication date: 2017/01
• Languages : English
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 73
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Low GWP conversion: an energy efficiency issue ?

• Author(s) : KUIJPERS L. J. M., KOCHOVA N., VONSILD A. L.
• Publication date: 2018/06/18
• Languages : English
• Source: 13^th IIR Gustav Lorentzen Conference on Natural Refrigerants (GL2018). Proceedings. Valencia, Spain, June 18-20th 2018.
• Formats : PDF

CFD Modeling of Thermoacoustic Energy Conversion: A Review.

• Author(s) : DI MEGLIO A., MASSAROTTI N.
• Publication date: 2022/06
• Languages : English
• Source: Energies - vol. 15 - n. 10
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Conversion of energy systems and the role of thermal storage.

• Author(s) : HENNING H. M.
• Publication date: 2016/05/18
• Languages : English
• Source: 11^th IIR Conference on Phase-Change Materials and Slurries for Refrigeration and Air Conditioning. Proceedings: Karlsruhe, Germany, May 18-20, 2016.
• Formats : PDF

Recommended by the IIR / IIR document

Working fluid screening for ocean thermal energy conversion (OTEC) applications.

• Author(s) : BELL I.
• Publication date: 2020/07/31
• Languages : English
• Source: IIR Rankine Conference 2020.
• Formats : PDF

Conversion of platelet incubator refrigeration system to R600a and performance optimization.

• Author(s) : VÍSEK M., ELBEL S., HRNJAK P., et al.
• Publication date: 2016/07/11
• Languages : English
• Source: 2016 Purdue Conferences. 16th International Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning Conference at Purdue.
• Formats : PDF

Experimental investigation of the Honigmann-process for thermo-chemical energy storage and conversion.

• Author(s) : JAHNKE A., THIELE E.
• Publication date: 2017/08/07
• Languages : English
• Source: International sorption heat pump conference, ISHPC 2017, Tokyo august 7-10.

Conversion factors for comparing the performance of variable refrigerant flow systems.

• Author(s) : MATSUI E., KAMETANI S., NOBE T.
• Publication date: 2016/07/11
• Languages : English
• Source: 2016 Purdue Conferences. 16th International Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning Conference at Purdue.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Successful conversion and validation of glass door merchandisers using transcritical R744.

• Author(s) : ELBEL S., PADILLA-FUENTES Y., BOWERS C., et al.
• Publication date: 2014/08/02
• Languages : English
• Source: 11^th IIR Gustav Lorentzen Conference on Natural Refrigerants (GL2014). Proceedings. Hangzhou, China, August 31-September 2, 2014.
• Formats : PDF

Use of VFDs in HVAC retrofit applications.

• Author(s) : SRIDHAR V.
• Publication date: 2015/09
• Languages : English
• Source: Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Journal, SIM - vol. 3 - n. 3
• Formats : PDF

Safety warnings over air conditioning R32 retrofits

A UK manufacturing association has recently warned against instances of replacing R410A with R32 refrigerant in air conditioners designed for use with R410A.

• Publication date : 2018/04/19

Supermarket refrigerant retrofitting.

A few figures about supermarkets retrofitting their refrigeration systems with alternative refrigerants.

• Publication date : 2017/03/24

Supermarkets: retrofit of refrigerating systems from R404A to R449A

Two examples of retrofitting supermarket refrigerating systems from R404A to R449A.

• Publication date : 2017/08/09
• Subjects: HFCs alternatives

Thailand receives technical assistance to switch ACs to R32

Thailand recently announced a policy to complete conversion from R22 to R32 by 2017 while Indonesia has made a similar pledge.

• Publication date : 2015/08/17

Spain: a EUR 1.5 million plan to help supermarkets comply with the European regulation on fluorinated gas

The Spanish government has approved a plan for €1.5m in aid for the conversion or replacement of supermarket refrigeration systems to alternative low GWP refrigerants.

• Publication date : 2018/10/03
• Subjects: Regulation

USA's largest ground-source heat pump

The conversion of Ball State University in Muncie, Indiana, to a geothermal ground-source heat pump, reportedly the largest project of its kind in the USA, has entered its second and final phase.

• Publication date : 2012/07/24

IIR Cryogenics 2023 conference: perspectives of cryogenic technologies for 2030

Overview of future technological advances in cryogenics: liquid hydrogen electric aircrafts, cryofuels, hydrogen chemical energy conversion, fuel cells for energy storage, cryogenic rocket engine, quantum and...

• Publication date : 2023/06/27

HFC consumption in Bangladesh

According to a UNEP document published in June 2017, the HFC consumption in Bangladesh was of 810.68 metric tonnes, including 94.5% of R134a.

• Publication date : 2017/10/20
• Subjects: HFCs alternatives, Developing country

Bangladesh: phase-out of CFCs in motion

The national ODS Phase-out Plan (NPP) received a boost in April 2005 in Bangladesh following the procurement of 9000 kits by the government in the launch of a programme by the Department of Environment (DoE) to convert refrigerators running on...

• Publication date : 2005/09/30

Radiative cooling: smart materials to switch from heating to cooling

Researchers have developed a radiative thermal management device, composed of several layers of reflective/absorbent materials, capable of switching between heating and cooling...

• Publication date : 2022/09/28
• Subjects: Technology

Cold storage: sustainable solutions for developing countries with hot climates

Two papers from the recent IIR Congress illustrate the importance of developing the cold chain in developing countries with warm climates. In particular, in India, environmentally-friendly technical solutions...

• Publication date : 2023/12/19

Non-CFC chillers

According to the 2005 annual survey carried out by the Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Institute (ARI) on chiller manufacturers, the replacement and conversion of CFC chillers, as specified by the Montreal Protocol in 1995 is proving to be...

• Publication date : 2005/07/19

China receives 265 million USD from the Multilateral Fund to reduce HCFC use

During its 64th meeting in Montreal, Canada, from July 25 to 29, 2011, the Executive Committee of the Multilateral Fund (MLF) – a  financial body established to help developing countries meet their Montreal Protocol commitments – has assessed...

• Publication date : 2011/08/16

HFO-1234yf news

HFO-1234yf, developed by DuPont and Honeywell as a substitute for HFC-134a in mobile air-conditioning applications in response to EU 2006/40 Directive which bans the use of refrigerants with a GWP higher than 150 in new types of vehicles by...

• Publication date : 2011/02/04

The cooling industry awards 2004: celebrating excellence in environmentally friendlier cooling

The very first Cooling Industry Awards was organized by Refrigeration and Air Conditioning (RAC) magazine on September 15, 2004. It proved to be a success as nearly 400 RAC professionals from across the industry and major end-users were present....

• Publication date : 2004/11/19

Invitation to join the IIR working group: Solid-state cooling and heating

Established last year, this latest IIR working group aims to promote international research collaboration to provide energy efficient and environmentally friendly solutions for a variety of solid-state...

• Publication date : 2023/05/02
• Subjects: Technology

Call for abstracts launched for Thermag Conference 2020

Hosted by the University of Maryland (US), Thermag IX 2020 will offer key opportunities for academics and industry to develop research collaborations fostered by a dynamic technical conference programme.

• Publication date : 2019/10/08

New IIR Informatory Note on thermal energy storage systems

IIR’s latest Informatory Note demonstrates that a well-designed TES system can reduce energy consumption through more efficient equipment operation and lower investment costs, thus reducing the equipment...

• Publication date : 2022/01/28

15th IIR-Gustav Lorentzen Conference, June 13-15, 2022: the detailed programme is now available!

The detailed program of the 15th IIR Gustav Lorentzen Conference on Natural Refrigerants is now available online.

• Publication date : 2022/05/16
• Subjects: HFCs alternatives

REAL Alternatives: blended Learning for Alternative Refrigerants

Last week the REAL Alternatives Europe programme partners met at IIR head offices to elaborate plans to translate the e-learning project into more languages.

• Publication date : 2015/06/23

News from IIR members: Danfoss

Danfoss was chosen by Sainsbury’s and Netto to facilitate the conversion of their stores to CO2 as part of their ambition to drastically reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Danfoss has 10 years’ experience in the...

• Publication date : 2011/08/04

CEEE Hosts International Conference THERMAG - IX 2021

More than 200 people from around the world attended the THERMAG - IX June 7-11, 2021 hosted by The Center for Environmental Energy Engineering at University of Maryland, College Park (US).

• Publication date : 2021/07/20
• Subjects: Technology

Editorial by Didier Coulomb

In the previous issue of the Newsletter, a special issue on the environment, I announced proposals, from the G8 in particular, concerning accelerated phase-out of HCFCs, along with the importance of the UN Conference on the ozone layer in this...

• Publication date : 2007/11/20

IIR member news: Daikin

From 2012 to March 2015, over 3 million units of Daikin’s residential and commercial air conditioners using the “mildly flammable” R32 have been sold in 43 countries.

• Publication date : 2015/10/11

Early bird registration ends April 15 for IIR-Gustav Lorentzen Conference 2022

Scheduled to take place on June 13-15, 2022, in Trondheim, Norway, the 15th IIR-Gustav Lorentzen Conference on Natural Refrigerants will be a conference to remember!

• Publication date : 2022/04/07
• Subjects: Developing country, Environment, Technology

Small steps towards a giant leap! Parties to the Montreal Protocol continue discussions on HFCs

Last week saw another step towards a global agreement on the phase down of ozone depleting substances, the event started with a buzz around the new amendment proposals to the Montreal Protocol.

• Publication date : 2015/04/29
• Subjects: Regulation

Call for abstracts now open! 15th IIR-Gustav Lorentzen Conference on Natural Refrigerants

Prospective authors of papers are encouraged to submit 150-200 word abstracts by September 15, 2021.

• Publication date : 2021/07/08
• Subjects: Environment, Technology

New IIR conference on the application of HFO Refrigerants

From September 2 to 5, 2018 in Birmingham (UK), the Institute of Refrigeration (IOR) will host the inaugural IIR International Conference on the application of HFO Refrigerants.

• Publication date : 2017/09/05

Ohrid 2015: Ammonia and CO2 refrigeration technologies at the forefront

In light of the intense debate on the F-Gas regulation, its implementation worldwide, as well as proposed amendments to the Montreal Protocol, the conference provided the ideal forum for the exchange of knowledge on ammonia and CO2 technologies.

• Publication date : 2015/04/21

Additive manufacturing of regenerators for caloric cooling

In many areas of engineering, additive manufacturing allows the production of complex and multifunctional products that could not be manufactured using traditional methods. In the...

• Last update : 2022/09/16
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Caloric cooling (magnetocaloric, electrocaloric, elastocaloric and barocaloric cooling)

Liquefied Natural Gas: production process and cold energy recovery

Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is natural gas that has been cooled to about -160 °C and turned into a liquid to facilitate transportation and storage. A typical LNG supply chain...

• Last update : 2023/06/23
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : LNG and LPG

Cryogenics in the pharmaceutical industry: drug design and bioavailability improvement

Research activities in the pharmaceutical sector focus primarily on developing novel drug formulations which can elicit the desired response upon being administered to the patient...

• Last update : 2023/03/10
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Freeze-drying in biology and medicine, Cryobiology, cryomedicine: general information

Hydrocarbon refrigerants

Hydrocarbons such as R290 (propane), R600a (isobutane) or R1270 (propene/propylene) are low GWP non-toxic natural refrigerants with excellent thermodynamic properties. They offer an...

• Last update : 2022/06/22
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Hydrocarbons, Containment, refrigerant charge reduction