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Recommended by the IIR / IIR document

Energy analysis of door openings in vertical refrigerated display cabinets with glass doors.

• Author(s) : VALLÉE C., MAHMOUD A. M., ADHIKARI S.
• Publication date: 2023/08/21
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Display cabinet, Testing, Test room, R290, Propane, Door, Opening, Energy efficiency, Modelling, Standard
• Source: Proceedings of the 26^th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration: Paris , France, August 21-25, 2023.
• Formats : PDF

Ductwork cleaning requirements and access doors.

• Publication date: 2015/11
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Regulations, Maintenance, Ventilation, Recommendation, Door, Hygiene, Cleaning, Duct, Air conditioning

IIR document

Effects of door openings during deliveries in refrigerated transport.

• Author(s) : SUQUET T., CAPO C., LATCHAN F., et al.
• Publication date: 2018/04/06
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Opening, Refrigerated transport, Temperature, Door, Expérimentation, Thermal load, Distribution, Sizing
• Source: 5^th IIR International Conference on Sustainability and the Cold Chain. Proceedings: Beijing, Chine, 6-8 avril 2018
• Formats : PDF

Are doors on fridges the best environmental solution for the retail sector?

• Author(s) : EVANS J.
• Publication date: 2014/02
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Retail trade, Economy, Display cabinet, Supermarket, Door, Environment
• Source: International Institute of Refrigeration

IIR document

Air infiltration through a door separating two refrigerated spaces of finite volumes.

• Author(s) : GUILPART J., NOTTURNO J., ALTAMIRANO A.
• Publication date: 2023/08/21
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Cold storage, Door, Modelling, Cold room, Air flow
• Source: Proceedings of the 26^th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration: Paris , France, August 21-25, 2023.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

High-efficiency, low-cost glass door merchandisers using transcritical carbon dioxide.

• Author(s) : PADILLA-FUENTES Y., HRNJAK P., ELBEL S.
• Publication date: 2015/08/16
• Languages : English
• Keywords : R134a, Glass, Design, R744, Door, Energy efficiency, Refrigerant, CO2
• Source: Proceedings of the 24th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration: Yokohama, Japan, August 16-22, 2015.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Impact of different lighting configurations in energy consumption of glass doors multideck display cases.

• Author(s) : HEIDINGER G. G., NASCIMENTO S. M., GASPAR P. D., et al.
• Publication date: 2014/06/23
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Energy consumption, Measurement, Display cabinet, Door, Lighting
• Source: 3^rd IIR International Conference on Sustainability and the Cold Chain. Proceedings: London, UK, June 23-25, 2014
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Experimental investigation of energy balance during the door opening of a refrigerated truck.

• Author(s) : LAFAYE DE MICHEAUX T., SARTRE V., BONJOUR J.
• Publication date: 2015/08/16
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Opening, Heat balance, Air, Door, Expérimentation, Refrigerated vehicle, Leakage
• Source: Proceedings of the 24th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration: Yokohama, Japan, August 16-22, 2015.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Energy saving potential at partial load for vertical glass door refrigerated display cabinets.

• Author(s) : VALLÉE C.
• Publication date: 2015/08/16
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Display cabinet, Vertical surface, Door, Expérimentation, Energy saving, Part load
• Source: Proceedings of the 24th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration: Yokohama, Japan, August 16-22, 2015.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Successful conversion and validation of glass door merchandisers using transcritical R744.

• Author(s) : ELBEL S., PADILLA-FUENTES Y., BOWERS C., et al.
• Publication date: 2014/08/02
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Commercial application, Glass, Display cabinet, Design, R744, Door, Performance, Expérimentation, Transcritical cycle, CO2
• Source: 11^th IIR Gustav Lorentzen Conference on Natural Refrigerants (GL2014). Proceedings. Hangzhou, China, August 31-September 2, 2014.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

The impact of retrofitting doors on performance of a retail display cabinet.

• Author(s) : BROWN T., FOSTER A., EVANS J.
• Publication date: 2019/08/24
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Temperature difference, Open cabinet, Energy consumption, Chilled food, Display cabinet, Supermarket, Door, Testing, Retrofitting
• Source: Proceedings of the 25^th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration: Montréal , Canada, August 24-30, 2019.
• Formats : PDF

3D and transient numerical modelling of door opening and closing processes and its influence on thermal performance of cold rooms

• Author(s) : CARNEIRO R., GASPAR P. D., SILVA P. D.
• Publication date: 2017/02/25
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Opening, Cold room, CFD, Temperature, Prediction, Door, Performance
• Source: Applied Thermal Engineering - vol. 113

IIR document

Experimental investigation and dynamic modelling of an upright freezer under periodic door opening conditions.

• Author(s) : IPEK M., DINCER I.
• Publication date: 2023/09
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Door, Freezer, Household application, Modelling, Opening, Expérimentation, Simulation, Ambient condition, Relative humidity, Energy consumption
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 153
• Formats : PDF

Effect of doors opening in refrigerated cabinets: phenomenological study of the thermodynamic behavior and air flow dynamics.

• Author(s) : PRADES MARTELL L., MONROS-ANDREU G., SAEZ PASTOR A., CHIVA VICENT S., PATIÑO PÉREZ J.
• Publication date: 2022/04
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Display cabinet, Closed cabinet, Simulation, CFD, Door, Air flow, Temperature, Distribution, Air curtain
• Source: XI Congreso Ibérico y IX Congreso Iberoamericano de Ciencias y Técnicas del Frío, CYTEF 2022.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Peering into the cabinet: quantifying the energy impact of door openings and food loads in household refrigerators during normal use.

• Author(s) : HARRINGTON L., AYE L., FULLER B., et al.
• Publication date: 2019/08
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Energy consumption, Household refrigerator, Door, Modelling, COP, Thermal load, Latent heat
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 104
• Formats : PDF

Briefs: Open units or with glass doors?

When glass doors are used in refrigeration units, the energy savings are as a rule indicated as being "up to" 40%. Very often these figures are based on experience in a typical climate (25°C and 60% air humidity) with standard opening frequencies...

• Publication date : 2009/05/18

Refrigerated delivery vehicles: device facilitates door closing

In order to avoid unwanted temperature rises due to awkward door closing, an EPDM valve has been designed by the German company Maagtechnic.

• Publication date : 2011/10/03

New Zealand’s 2nd transcritical CO2 supermarket has opened its doors

In less than one month, two New Zealand supermarkets featuring transcritical (TC) CO2 refrigeration technology have opened.

• Publication date : 2013/01/10

Indoor climate: benefits

A study led by the Technical University of Denmark (DTU), tends to show that improved indoor climate also improves school results. According to the ICIEE (International Centre for Indoor Environment and Energy), three experiments in which...

• Publication date : 2006/07/26

Assessing indoor air quality: Air cleaners

The quality of indoor air and how to assess it are increasingly raising concern, whether this is related to the efficiency of air-conditioning systems or of air cleaners. Air-cleaner market is doing fine. According to the Environmental Protection...

• Publication date : 2008/02/12

Assessing indoor air quality: Air conditioning

The quality of indoor air and how to assess it are increasingly raising concern, whether this is related to the efficiency of air-conditioning systems or of air cleaners. Air conditioning against high CO2 levels. According to a recent KPMG study...

• Publication date : 2008/02/12

Out of the ordinary: Outdoor fridge

If you've always wanted to relax outside and not rush back to your kitchen to get cool drinks and food all the time, here's the ideal fridge for barbecues and outdoor parties.

• Publication date : 2009/12/09

ICR2011 highlights: indoor air-quality issues in passive buildings

Polish specialists recommend mechanical ventilation for passive buildings

• Publication date : 2012/03/13

Doors on supermarket refrigerators inhibit shoppers

A shopping research company from the UK studied the impact that doors on supermarket refrigerators have on consumers' behaviour.

• Publication date : 2018/06/26

Refrigerated display cabinets: saving energy without doors

Refrigerated display cabinets, without glass doors and incorporating a new patented airflow management system, have been installed at a new Tesco Extra eco store in Lincoln, UK.

• Publication date : 2014/06/19

New cryogenic methods to control indoor air pollution

The journal Science of the Total Environment will publish in February 2019 an article exploring the capacity of cryogenic technologies to tackle indoor air pollution.

• Publication date : 2018/12/27

Indoor air pollution as a health risk

On September 7, industry associations issued an urgent statement to European Union institutions to highlight the importance of indoor air quality in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic.

• Publication date : 2021/11/22

Testing a prototype outdoor air conditioner using liquid nitrogen

In September 2022, a start-up is testing a prototype outdoor air conditioning system using liquid nitrogen in a few restaurants.

• Publication date : 2022/09/19
• Subjects: Technology

Singapore experiments with outdoor air thermoelectric cooling

In Singapore, the terrace of a riverside restaurant and children play areas are now cooled by a solid-state thermoelectric cooling technology.

• Publication date : 2019/12/30

World's largest indoor ski slope in Dubai

Dubai has announced it will build the world’s largest indoor ski resort, with a 1.2 kilometre run.

• Publication date : 2015/10/12

IIR Member news: Star Refrigeration installs ammonia chillers in an indoor skiing facility

After 90 years of existence, indoor skiing now uses modern and energy efficient technologies. Star Refrigeration participates in this evolution with its ammonia chillers.

• Publication date : 2018/12/27

Obituary: Anders Lindborg

Anders Lindborg, honorary member of the IIR and President of IIR Commission D1 from 1993 until 1996, died on September 25, 2012.

• Publication date : 2012/10/25

Policy brief available to download: Developing the cold chain in the agrifood sector in sub-Saharan Africa

A focus on the importance of the cold chain in reducing post-harvest losses

• Publication date : 2016/02/17

Nominations for the J&E Hall Gold Medal are now open

With a prize award of £5,000, the J&E Hall Gold Medal is an internationally respected award that recognises the most noteworthy practical contribution to the field of innovation in refrigeration, air...

• Publication date : 2022/09/29
• Subjects: General information

New IIR Informatory Note on non-uniform environment

A non-uniform indoor environment can reconcile the demand for a healthy and comfortable environment and the objective of low carbon emissions. 

• Publication date : 2023/11/28

Briefs: Obituary

Dr P. Ole Fanger, Senior Professor at the International Centre for Indoor Environment and Energy at the Technical University of Denmark, died on September 18, 2006, at the age of 72. He was considered as the world's leading expert on the effect of...

• Publication date : 2006/11/15

Conference update: Melbourne

IIR 2008 - HVAC Energy Efficiency Best Practice Conference will be held in Melbourne on September 18-19, 2008. This cutting-edge event will cover solar air conditioning and heating of buildings, comfort and indoor environmental quality in energy...

• Publication date : 2008/08/12

Conference update: Melbourne

IR 2008 - HVAC Energy Efficiency Best Practice Conference will be held in Melbourne on September 18-19, 2008. This cutting-edge event will cover solar air conditioning and heating of buildings, comfort and indoor environmental quality in energy...

• Publication date : 2008/02/12

Conference update: Melbourne

IIR 2008 - HVAC Energy Efficiency Best Practice Conference will be held in Melbourne on September 18-19, 2008. This cutting-edge event will cover solar air conditioning and heating of buildings, comfort and indoor environmental quality in energy...

• Publication date : 2008/05/13

News from IIR members: Solar hybrid air conditioner launched by LG

LG Electronics (LG) recently announced Korea's first eco-friendly residential hybrid air conditioner that utilizes solar energy as part of its power supply. By combining power generated through the solar cell module attached to the top of the...

• Publication date : 2011/02/07

Obituary: Prof. A. H. C. van Paassen

Prof. A. H. C. van Paassen, Emeritus Professor in the section Energy Technology at the Faculty Design, Construction and Production of the Delft University of Technology (The Netherlands), died on June 30, 2009, at the age of 68. He taught courses...

• Publication date : 2009/12/09

International events: Belgrade

The IIR co-sponsored 40th International Conference on Heating, Air Conditioning and Refrigeration took place in Belgrade, Serbia, on December 2-4, 2009. With 750 participants from 20 countries, 63 papers and 132 exhibitors, the event was highly...

• Publication date : 2010/03/07

News from IIR members: Danfoss

A pleasant indoor climate and no energy costs. This is what it feels like to live in the Zero+ house - the first home in Denmark that produces more power than is actually consumed. The house supplies its own heating and electricity and generates...

• Publication date : 2011/02/04

ICR2007 in Beijing

The International Institute of Refrigeration (IIR) holds Congresses every 4 years. They have two objectives: - a scientific objective: apart from the numerous IIR and IIR-co-sponsored conferences (about 50 over a 4-year period), which are focused...

• Publication date : 2007/11/20

The Beijing Congress

The 22nd IIR International Congress of Refrigeration will be held in Beijing, China, on August 21-26, 2007. IIR congresses are held every 4 years in various parts of the world, showing the global influence of the IIR. The previous event was held...

• Publication date : 2007/05/04

Hydrocarbon refrigerants

Hydrocarbons such as R290 (propane), R600a (isobutane) or R1270 (propene/propylene) are low GWP non-toxic natural refrigerants with excellent thermodynamic properties. They offer an...

• Last update : 2022/06/22
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Hydrocarbons, Containment, refrigerant charge reduction

Ice cream manufacturing, environmental impact and market data

From a physico-chemical point of view, ice cream is a complex, frozen multiphase mixture. The manufacturing process includes several stages of freezing which are described in this...

• Last update : 2023/06/30
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Ice creams

Additive manufacturing of regenerators for caloric cooling

In many areas of engineering, additive manufacturing allows the production of complex and multifunctional products that could not be manufactured using traditional methods. In the...

• Last update : 2022/09/16
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Caloric cooling (magnetocaloric, electrocaloric, elastocaloric and barocaloric cooling)

Cold storage conditions for fruits and vegetables

Practical recommendations for the cold storage of over 200 cultivars of fruits, vegetables and herbs (storage temperatures, relative humidity, storage time, controlled atmosphere...

• Last update : 2023/01/16
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Fruit, Vegetables

Cryogenics in the pharmaceutical industry: drug design and bioavailability improvement

Research activities in the pharmaceutical sector focus primarily on developing novel drug formulations which can elicit the desired response upon being administered to the patient...

• Last update : 2023/03/10
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Freeze-drying in biology and medicine, Cryobiology, cryomedicine: general information

Liquefied Natural Gas: production process and cold energy recovery

Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is natural gas that has been cooled to about -160 °C and turned into a liquid to facilitate transportation and storage. A typical LNG supply chain...

• Last update : 2023/06/23
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : LNG and LPG