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IIR document

Benchmarking of supermarket energy consumption.

• Author(s) : FOSTER A., EVANS J., MAIDMENT G.
• Publication date: 2018/04/06
• Languages : English
• Keywords : United Kingdom, Retail trade, Energy consumption, Supermarket, Case study, Energy efficiency
• Source: 5^th IIR International Conference on Sustainability and the Cold Chain. Proceedings: Beijing, Chine, 6-8 avril 2018
• Formats : PDF

Optimizing data center energy consumption.

• Author(s) : PURKAYASTHA I.
• Publication date: 2018/07/27
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Generality, Energy consumption, Electricity, Data centre, Computer, Cooling, Air flow, Energy efficiency
• Source: Proceedings of the International Conference on Emerging Technologies for Sustainable and Intelligent HVAC&R Systems, Kolkata, July 27-28 2018.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Evaluation of the electrical energy consumptions for a low-energy building.

• Author(s) : DAMIAN A., POPESCU R., BAJENARU N., et al.
• Publication date: 2015/08/16
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Energy consumption, Electricity, Building, Simulation, Energy saving
• Source: Proceedings of the 24th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration: Yokohama, Japan, August 16-22, 2015.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Energy consumption for salmon slaughtering processes.

• Author(s) : ATES B., WIDELL K. N., NORDTVEDT T. S., et al.
• Publication date: 2017/05/11
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Slaughterhouse, Energy consumption, Automation, Chilling, R717, Salmon, Norway, Case study
• Source: 7^th Conference on Ammonia and CO₂ Refrigeration Technology. Proceedings: Ohrid, North Macedonia, May 11-13, 2017.
• Formats : PDF

Recommended by the IIR / IIR document

Predicting specific energy consumption in the southern hemisphere.

• Author(s) : PEARSON A.
• Publication date: 2022/06/13
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Cold store, Energy efficiency, Energy consumption, Australia, Electricity, Case study, Prediction
• Source: 15^th IIR-Gustav Lorentzen Conference on Natural Refrigerants (GL2022). Proceedings. Trondheim, Norway, June 13-15^th 2022.
• Formats : PDF

Energy consumption of 100 australian residential air conditioners.

• Author(s) : LAW A., OSMAN P., AMBROSE M., et al.
• Publication date: 2014/11
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Residential sector, Energy consumption, Measurement, Air conditioner, Australia
• Source: EcoLibrium - vol. 13 - n. 10
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Reducing energy consumption of refrigeration compressors in large breweries.

• Author(s) : VANJUR I., SOVILJ V.
• Publication date: 2015/04/16
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Generality, Energy consumption, Brewery, Ammonia, Screw compressor
• Source: 6^th Conference on Ammonia and CO2 Refrigeration Technology. Proceedings: Ohrid, North Macedonia, April 16-18, 2015.
• Formats : PDF

Analysis on energy consumption of drying process for dried Chinese noodles.

• Author(s) : WANG Z., ZHANG Y., ZHANG B., et al.
• Publication date: 2017/01/05
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Energy consumption, Control (automatic), Drying, Pasta, Energy saving
• Source: Applied Thermal Engineering - vol. 110

IIR document

Specific energy consumption values for various refrigerated food cold stores.

• Author(s) : EVANS J., FOSTER A., HUET J. M., et al.
• Publication date: 2015/08/16
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Food, Energy consumption, Chilled food, Cold store, Survey, Energy efficiency
• Source: Proceedings of the 24th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration: Yokohama, Japan, August 16-22, 2015.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Dynamic modulation of voltage excitation angle to optimize energy consumption of refrigerator.

• Author(s) : CHUANG H. C., WU K. L., WENG W. B., et al.
• Publication date: 2017/09
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Energy consumption, Electric voltage, Refrigerator, Expérimentation, Energy saving
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 81
• Formats : PDF

Increasing energy efficiency in accordance to energy efficiency 2012/27/EU directive to decrease energy consumption for a final energy end user.

• Author(s) : SAVICKAS R., SAVICKIENE L.
• Publication date: 2017/12/06
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Regulations, European Union, Energy consumption, Building, Energy efficiency, Heating
• Source: 48^th International HVAC&R Congress and Exhibition.
• Formats : PDF, PowerPoint

Energy and water consumption characterization of Portuguese indoor swimming pools.

• Author(s) : CARDOSO B. J., GASPAR A. R., GÓIS J. C., et al.
• Publication date: 2018/06/19
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Swimming pool, Energy consumption, Calculation, Portugal, Case study, Energy saving, Thermal comfort
• Source: CYTEF 2018. IX Congreso Ibérico y VII Congreso Iberoamericano de Ciencias y Técnicas del Frío, Valencia, España, 19-21 junio 2018.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Analysis of energy consumption by applying a new generation of CO2 compressors.

• Author(s) : JAVERSCHEK O., PFAFFL J., KARBINER J.
• Publication date: 2019/04/11
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Energy consumption, Efficiency, R744, Compressor, CO2
• Source: 8^th Conference on Ammonia and CO₂ Refrigeration Technology. Proceedings: Ohrid, North Macedonia, Avril 11-13, 2019.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

The influence of evaporation pressure dynamics on energy consumption.

• Author(s) : SCHULTE A., FÖRSTERLING S., LARSEN L., HEERUP C., BACHER P., GOTTSCH R., TEGETHOFF W., ZÜHLSDORF B., KOEHLER J.
• Publication date: 2023/08/21
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Energy consumption, Supermarket, CO2, R744, Display cabinet, Modelling, Simulation, Evaporation
• Source: Proceedings of the 26^th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration: Paris , France, August 21-25, 2023.
• Formats : PDF

Modelování spotreb energií budov.

Building energy consumption modeling.

• Author(s) : ŠIROKÝ J., FABIAN J.
• Publication date: 2015/09
• Languages : Czech
• Keywords : Energy consumption, Building, Ventilation, Prediction, Modelling, Air conditioning
• Source: Vytápení Vetrání Instalace - vol. 24 - n. 4
• Formats : PDF

Renewable energy supplied an estimated 16% of global final energy consumption in 2010

According to the Renewables 2011 Global Status Report, in 2010, rRenewable energy supplied an estimated 16% of global final energy consumption and delivered close to 20% of global electricity.

• Publication date : 2012/03/09
• Subjects: Figures, economy

Energy savings: Case study on a cool way to cut energy consumption in the UK food industry

A collaborative research and development project led by a mechanical engineering team from Brunel University, UK, found that supermarkets and food processing plants could cut their energy costs by over 30% and reduce greenhouse gas emissions by...

• Publication date : 2005/07/19

US research projects to cut AC energy consumption

The 15 projects selected by Advanced Research Projects Agency-Energy (ARPA-E) – within the Building Energy Efficiency Through Innovative Thermodevices (BEETIT) are developing new approaches and technologies for building cooling equipment and air...

• Publication date : 2012/09/19

Briefs: Dehumidification and cooling system cuts energy consumption by 43% in meat processing plant

Cooling and dehumidification costs in a meat plant in Germany have been reduced by a system using hot and cold water from other processes. According to DuCool, TönniesFleisch plant in Rheda-Wiedenbrück is saving annually 165 000 € in electricity...

• Publication date : 2009/08/13

Cold stores safety and energy consumption

During the IIR International Congress of Refrigeration, held in Yokohama in August 2015, two valuable papers focused on cold store energy consumption and safety issues.

• Publication date : 2016/03/11

Faults and energy consumption of CO2 refrigeration systems in supermarkets

Food products refrigeration accounts for the largest share of energy consumption in supermarkets. In a recent study, the most common faults in supermarket CO2 refrigeration systems were investigated,...

• Publication date : 2021/06/29
• Subjects: Figures, economy, Technology

PCMs to reduce energy consumption in buildings

A recent review article describes the principles of latent heat thermal energy storage systems using phase change materials (PCMs), and their applications to improve thermal performance in the building...

• Publication date : 2021/04/22
• Subjects: Technology

Renewable energy consumption for heating and cooling in the EU

Over one fifth of energy used for heating and cooling from renewable sources in the EU.

• Publication date : 2020/04/05
• Subjects: Environment

Renewable energy consumption for heating and cooling in the EU in 2019

In 2019 as in 2018, over a fifth of the energy used for heating and cooling came from renewable sources in the EU.

• Publication date : 2021/01/12
• Subjects: Environment, Figures, economy

A 20% reduction in CO2 emissions from mobile air conditioning by 2050 is possible

A recent report from the International Energy Agency “Cooling on the Move - The future of air conditioning in vehicles” explores the current and future global energy consumption from mobile air conditioning systems, along with the resulting...

• Publication date : 2019/10/30

Vacuum Insulation Panels: a promising solution for domestic refrigerators

Thanks to their low thermal conductivity, Vacuum Insulation Panels (VIPs) make it possible to greatly reduce the energy consumption of domestic refrigerators. However, their adoption comes up against problems of...

• Publication date : 2020/05/27

Modelling energy use in a frozen food supermarket

A study presents a simulation used to model energy consumption in a frozen food supermarket in United Kingdom.

• Publication date : 2017/04/25

The air conditioning boom in Southeast Asia

Electricity consumption needed for air conditioning in the ten ASEAN countries could quadruple between 2017 and 2040 to reach 300 TWh. But a saving of 110 TWh is possible by doubling during this period the Seasonal Energy Efficiency Ratio of...

• Publication date : 2019/11/29
• Subjects: Figures, economy

An award-winning industrial dairy using an integrated heat pump system

A recent case study examined the energy consumption and system performance of an innovative integrated heat pump system of a dairy located in Norway. This dairy was among the winning projects of the 2019 “Heat...

• Publication date : 2021/03/29
• Subjects: Environment, Technology

Impact of ageing on the energy efficiency of refrigerating household appliances

A recent study shows an average increase in energy consumption of 11% after 2 years of operation and 27% after 16 years for these appliances. Ageing wall insulation and door gasket contribute to this...

• Publication date : 2022/02/28

New IIR Informatory Note on thermal energy storage systems

IIR’s latest Informatory Note demonstrates that a well-designed TES system can reduce energy consumption through more efficient equipment operation and lower investment costs, thus reducing the equipment...

• Publication date : 2022/01/28

Member news: Danfoss is committed to reducing food waste

The Salling Group and Danfoss are working with Microsoft to reduce food waste and energy consumption in retail refrigeration. 

• Publication date : 2023/02/17
• Subjects: HFCs alternatives

EU project SuperSmart comes to a close: What have we learnt?

Funded by the European Union Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme, the EU SuperSmart project was launched in February 2016 and recently came to an end. Want to know how to reduce energy consumption in the food retail sector?… SuperSmart...

• Publication date : 2019/02/25

Frisbee Project: Latest Developments

Frisbee is a European-Union-funded 4-year project. It was launched in September 2010 and involves 26 partners including the IIR. the IIR is in charge of collecting data and the dissemination of research outcomes. The aim is to provide new...

• Publication date : 2011/12/20

Best wishes 2019!

2018 was an eventful year for the International Institute of Refrigeration (IIR) who organised several conferences to improve the cold chain and reduce the impact of refrigeration on the environment (refrigerants, energy consumption).

• Publication date : 2019/01/01

News from IIR members: Alfa Laval

Two major Belgian supermarket chains have recently ordered Alfa Laval's air gas coolers, and three of them have already been installed. Both supermarkets were specifically searching for cooling systems compatible with CO2 to reduce their energy...

• Publication date : 2013/02/22

STEF-TFE opens largest cold store in Madrid

New site cuts energy consumption by 15% with innovative energy storage system during off-peak hours

• Publication date : 2011/12/08

The CLIM’ECO programme kicks off

Supported by the French government and as part of the energy saving certificates scheme, the CLIM'ECO programme aims to reduce and optimise the energy consumption of air conditioning in the French Overseas Departments.

• Publication date : 2020/04/01
• Subjects: Developing country, Technology, Environment

New IIR Informatory Note on Renewable Energy

The latest IIR Informatory Note stresses that renewable energy sources can be considered practically inexhaustible and are currently the only solution for an ecological transition to clean...

• Publication date : 2023/04/26
• Subjects: Environment

New in our Encyclopedia. Ice cream manufacturing and its environmental impact.

A comprehensive review of the freezing process, market data and environmental impact of ice cream manufacturing. 

• Publication date : 2022/10/27
• Subjects: Figures, economy, Technology

UN Climate Change Conference in Bali

- The 13th United Nations Conference of the Parties on Climate Change, which was also the 3rd meeting of the Parties to the Kyoto Protocol, took place in Bali, Indonesia, on December 3-14, 2007. More than 10 000 persons attended this event which...

• Publication date : 2008/02/15

News from IIR members: Total

Total is the world's fourth-largest listed producer of natural gas and one of its top three liquefied natural gas suppliers and has published recent statistics on LNG. Consumption has been growing almost 3% a year for more than 30 years. According...

• Publication date : 2011/02/04

Check out the latest news from FRISBEE!

In this issue two hot topics: the test carried out to increase refrigerator performance and field test monitoring of the food cold chain in European markets.

• Publication date : 2014/03/10

Focus by Didier Coulomb

As we announced in the latest issue of the Newsletter, this special issue on the environment was prepared jointly with the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP). 2007 is a very important year for the future of the global environment and the...

• Publication date : 2007/08/05

New IIR publications: Saving Energy in Refrigeration, Air-Conditioning and Heat-Pump Technology

The French version of the IIR guide Saving Energy in Refrigeration, Air-Conditioning and Heat-Pump Technology will be published in November 2009; the goal of this guide is to provide practical ways of minimizing the energy consumption of...

• Publication date : 2009/12/09

Environmental impact of the ice cream industry

This summary document describes the environmental impact of ice cream manufacturing, which is mainly due to the energy consumption and refrigerants used.

• Last update : 2022/11/17
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : General information on environment (climate change, ozone depletion…)

Ice cream manufacturing, environmental impact and market data

From a physico-chemical point of view, ice cream is a complex, frozen multiphase mixture. The manufacturing process includes several stages of freezing which are described in this...

• Last update : 2023/06/30
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Ice creams

Hydrocarbon refrigerants

Hydrocarbons such as R290 (propane), R600a (isobutane) or R1270 (propene/propylene) are low GWP non-toxic natural refrigerants with excellent thermodynamic properties. They offer an...

• Last update : 2022/06/22
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Hydrocarbons, Containment, refrigerant charge reduction

Liquefied Natural Gas: production process and cold energy recovery

Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is natural gas that has been cooled to about -160 °C and turned into a liquid to facilitate transportation and storage. A typical LNG supply chain...

• Last update : 2023/06/23
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : LNG and LPG

Cryogenic nitrogen in the food and beverage industry

The adoption of cryogenic processes in the food and beverage industry is predominantly driven by liquid nitrogen (LIN), and it is the preferred candidate for food chilling and...

• Last update : 2023/11/07
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Freezing of foodstuffs