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  • Appointments: Cemagref

    France: Mr Pascal Viné has been appointed CEO of Cemagref, a French agricultural and environmental engineering research organization and benefactor member of the IIR.

    • Publication date : 2007/05/04
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  • Events: Cemagref’s anniversary

    Cemagref, a French agricultural and environmental engineering research organization and benefactor member of the IIR is 25 years old and held a lecture and ceremony at the Ministry of Research in Paris on October 10, 2006 to mark the occasion....

    • Publication date : 2006/11/15
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  • Cemagref and EdF

    Cemagref and EdF, benefactor members of the IIR, have signed an agreement in the fields of water management and refrigeration. Both organizations are involved in sediment management and are combining forces to address the European Framework...

    • Publication date : 2005/10/26
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  • CO2 supermarkets: CAREL

    CAREL and the French hypermarket chain Carrefour have joined forces to develop the first subcritical CO2 plant in a supermarket in Turkey. The Istanbul installation uses a cascade system that supplies the low-temperature units with R744. To...

    • Publication date : 2010/05/27
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  • News about IIR Member: Cemagref

    Researchers from Cemagref, corporate member of the IIR, in conjunction with the GREThE in Grenoble, and financed by the Agency for the environment and energy management (ADEME), have developed a prototype refrigerating system that allows the...

    • Publication date : 2006/05/05
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  • BOC Refrigerants acquire CARE®

    On January 31, 2005, BOC announced that it had completed a deal with Calor Gas Limited to purchase the company's CARE® range if environmentally sensitive refrigerants. The deal also includes Calor's UK aerosol propellants business and sales,...

    • Publication date : 2005/03/15
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  • Agreement on air conditioner efficiency standards in the US

    On November 11, 2004, air conditioner manufacturers and energy efficiency advocates in the US announced a consensus agreement on equipment efficiency standards for air conditioners and heat pumps. The current federal standard, Energy Efficiency...

    • Publication date : 2005/02/11
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  • Tyson agrees to pay fine to settle EPA case

    In June, the Environmental Protection Agency filed a claim against Tyson Prepared Foods for not filing a timely and complete plan for managing the regulated toxic substance anhydrous ammonia, which was used as a refrigerant at their...

    • Publication date : 2004/09/14
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  • Healthcare cold chain logistic services market: huge growth expected

    Research and Markets has published a report entitled "Global Healthcare Cold Chain Logistics Market Report & Forecast (2011-2016). The report emphasizes that strong growth in the sales of temperature-sensitive healthcare products is...

    • Publication date : 2011/12/29
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  • Consensus agreement on air conditioner efficiency standards in the US

    On November 11, 2004, air conditioner manufacturers and energy efficiency advocates in the US announced that they had reached a consensus agreement on federal equipment efficiency standards for air conditioners and heat pumps used in many...

    • Publication date : 2004/11/25
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  • AREA's "Vision&Strategy 2020" manifesto.

    In its new document, Air Conditioning and Refrigeration European Association (AREA) has identified 6 key priorities.

    • Publication date : 2014/12/22
    • Subjects: Regulation
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  • Global healthcare cold chain logistics market

    The healthcare cold chain logistic services market to expand from current figure of USD 7.3 billion to nearly USD 11.4 billion by 2018.

    • Publication date : 2014/03/19
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  • Kigali agreement decisions and consequences.

    What are the main aspects of the Kigali HFC Amendment?

    • Publication date : 2017/02/20
    • Subjects: HFCs alternatives, Environment, Regulation
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  • F-Gas regulation : European Council and Parliament reach provisional agreement

    After several months of discussion, the two European bodies have reached a provisional agreement aimed at further reducing fluorinated gas emissions, in line with the EU's climate objectives.

    • Publication date : 2023/10/16
    • Subjects: Regulation
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    Hammer with european flag

  • ISS ammonia leak scare

    Ammonia is typically used as a coolant in spaceflight systems.

    • Publication date : 2015/01/29
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  • Liquefied Natural Gas: production process and cold energy recovery

    Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is natural gas that has been cooled to about -160 °C and turned into a liquid to facilitate transportation and storage. A typical LNG supply chain...

    • Last update : 2023/06/23
    • Langues : French, English
    • Themes : LNG and LPG
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  • Ice cream manufacturing, environmental impact and market data

    From a physico-chemical point of view, ice cream is a complex, frozen multiphase mixture. The manufacturing process includes several stages of freezing which are described in this...

    • Last update : 2023/06/30
    • Langues : French, English
    • Themes : Ice creams
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  • Cold storage conditions for fruits and vegetables

    Practical recommendations for the cold storage of over 200 cultivars of fruits, vegetables and herbs (storage temperatures, relative humidity, storage time, controlled atmosphere...

    • Last update : 2023/01/16
    • Langues : French, English
    • Themes : Fruit, Vegetables
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  • Cryogenic nitrogen in the food and beverage industry

    The adoption of cryogenic processes in the food and beverage industry is predominantly driven by liquid nitrogen (LIN), and it is the preferred candidate for food chilling and...

    • Last update : 2023/11/07
    • Langues : French, English
    • Themes : Freezing of foodstuffs
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  • Additive manufacturing of heat exchangers

    In the refrigeration industry, additive manufacturing (colloquially referred to as “3D printing”) makes it possible to fabricate novel, complex and potentially more energy efficient...

    • Last update : 2022/09/07
    • Langues : French, English
    • Themes : Evaporators, condensers and other heat exchangers
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  • Cryogenics in the pharmaceutical industry: drug design and bioavailability improvement

    Research activities in the pharmaceutical sector focus primarily on developing novel drug formulations which can elicit the desired response upon being administered to the patient...

    • Last update : 2023/03/10
    • Langues : French, English
    • Themes : Freeze-drying in biology and medicine, Cryobiology, cryomedicine: general information
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  • Hydrocarbon refrigerants

    Hydrocarbons such as R290 (propane), R600a (isobutane) or R1270 (propene/propylene) are low GWP non-toxic natural refrigerants with excellent thermodynamic properties. They offer an...

    • Last update : 2022/06/22
    • Langues : French, English
    • Themes : Hydrocarbons, Containment, refrigerant charge reduction
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  • Additive manufacturing of regenerators for caloric cooling

    In many areas of engineering, additive manufacturing allows the production of complex and multifunctional products that could not be manufactured using traditional methods. In the...

    • Last update : 2022/09/16
    • Langues : French, English
    • Themes : Caloric cooling (magnetocaloric, electrocaloric, elastocaloric and barocaloric cooling)
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  • Nanorefrigerants

    Nanorefrigerants are created by adding nanoparticles in suspension to a base refrigerant. They have a thermal conductivity that is 15% to 104% higher than that of the corresponding...

    • Last update : 2022/06/17
    • Langues : English, French
    • Themes : Nanofluids
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  • Global HFC emissions from the refrigeration sector

    This table shows HFC emissions from the refrigeration sector – including air conditioning – in million tonnes of CO2 equivalent for about 40 countries that are signatories...

    • Last update : 2022/01/20
    • Langues : English
    • Themes : General information on environment (climate change, ozone depletion…)
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  • For IIR members only

    Heat pump stock in Europe

    This table presents the stock of installed heat pumps, the CO2 emissions avoided and the number of jobs in the heat pump sector in Europe.

    • Last update : 2021/12/14
    • Langues : English
    • Themes : Heat pumps, energy recovery: economics and statistics
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  • For IIR members only

    Global cold storage capacity

    This table presents the cold storage capacity in about 50 countries, based on data from the Global Cold Chain Alliance (GCCA).

    • Last update : 2021/12/06
    • Langues : English
    • Themes : Refrigerated storage: economics and statistics
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  • Thermophysical properties of HFC refrigerants

    Thermophysical properties of over 100 HFC refrigerants, including single-component and blends.

    • Last update : 2022/06/17
    • Langues : English
    • Themes : HFCs, HFO et HCFO, Blends
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  • Thermophysical properties of HFO refrigerants

    Thermophysical properties of over 50 HFO refrigerants, including single-component and blends.

    • Last update : 2022/06/17
    • Langues : English
    • Themes : HFO et HCFO, Blends
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  • Thermophysical properties of hydrocarbon refrigerants

    Thermophysical properties of over 20 hydrocarbon refrigerants, including single-component and blends.

    • Last update : 2022/06/17
    • Langues : English
    • Themes : Hydrocarbons, Blends
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See all results in the Encyclopedia of Refrigeration