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IIR document

Cryogenic high-pressure thermomechanical pressurizer.

• Author(s) : SYMONENKO I., CHYHRIN A., KOSTENKO Y.
• Publication date: 2023/04/25
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Compressor, Cryogenics, High pressure, Heat transfer, Prototype
• Source: Proceedings of the 17^th IIR International Conference on Cryogenics, Dresden, Germany, april 25-28 2023
• Formats : PDF

Modeling of the microbial inactivation by high hydrostatic pressure freezing.

• Author(s) : MARESCA P., FERRARI G.
• Publication date: 2017/03
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Food, Bacteria, High pressure, Expérimentation, Freezing
• Source: Food Control The International Journal of HACCP and Food Safety - vol. 73

Experimental investigation on pressurization performance of cryogenic tank during high-temperature helium pressurization process.

• Author(s) : WANG L., LI Y. Z., JIN Y., et al.
• Publication date: 2015/03
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Helium, Cryotank, Heat transfer, Performance, Pressure, High temperature, Space
• Source: Cryogenics - vol. 66

IIR document

A small-scale natural gas liquefaction process utilizing the pressure energy of the high-pressure pipelines.

• Author(s) : TAN H., ZHENG J., SUN N., et al.
• Publication date: 2015/08/16
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Thermodynamics, Exergy, Liquefaction, High pressure, LNG, Gas pipeline
• Source: Proceedings of the 24th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration: Yokohama, Japan, August 16-22, 2015.
• Formats : PDF

Optimization of machining performance in high-pressure assisted turning of Ti6A14V alloy.

• Author(s) : ÇOLAK O.
• Publication date: 2014/10
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Titanium, Cooling, Alloy, Optimization, High pressure
• Source: Strojniski vestnik - Journal of mechanical Engineering - vol. 60 - n. 10
• Formats : PDF

CFD-based analysis & correlation development for a novel multi-furcating heat exchanger for high temperature, high pressure applications.

• Author(s) : TANCABEL J., GERSTLER W., ERNO D., LING J., AUTE V., DE BOCK H. P. J., RADERMACHER R.
• Publication date: 2021/05
• Languages : English
• Keywords : CFD, Simulation, Heat exchanger, High temperature, High pressure, Modelling, Performance, Aerospace application
• Source: 2021 Purdue Conferences. 18^th International Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning Conference at Purdue.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Thermodynamic analysis of regenerated air-cycle refrigeration in high and low pressure configuration.

• Author(s) : GIANNETTI N., MILAZZO A.
• Publication date: 2014/04
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Thermodynamics, Refrigerating system, Low temperature, Low pressure, Regenerator, Air, High pressure
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 40
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Explosion characteristics of chlorodifluoromethane and isobutane at high temperature and pressure using a 20-L apparatus.

• Author(s) : TSAI Y. T., LIAO J. Y., SHU C. M.
• Publication date: 2018/12
• Languages : English
• Keywords : R600a, Safety, R22, High temperature, High pressure, Explosion, Expérimentation
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 96
• Formats : PDF

Research on the performance of a high pressure 5.3MPa twin screw compressor.

• Author(s) : ZHAO Z., WU X., HOU F., et al.
• Publication date: 2016/07/11
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Efficiency, Performance, High pressure, Expérimentation, Open compressor, Screw compressor
• Source: 2016 Purdue Conferences. 23^rd International Compressor Engineering Conference at Purdue.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Development and test results of a cryogenic high-pressure fuel gas system.

• Author(s) : KLUPSCH M., ZERWECK U., WESENBECK A., HEMPEL S., SCHOTTENHAMEL W., JANDE T., BOOG M., PROSPERO A., STECHER D., STAUDT M., GERBETH R., GERNHARDT A., VENTER J., KROLLA S., ALIAKAR S.
• Publication date: 2021/10/05
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Cryogenics, Fuel (generic), LNG, High pressure, Heat exchanger, Expérimentation, Methane, Ship
• Source: Cryogenics 2021 online. Proceedings of the 16^th IIR International Conference, October 5-7, 2021.
• Formats : PDF

Surface tension of low-viscous lubricants in high pressure carbon dioxide atmospheres.

• Author(s) : GÖPFERT T., THOMAS C., HESSE U.
• Publication date: 2016/07/11
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Viscosity, Measurement, Lubricant, Surface tension, Efficiency, High pressure, Refrigerant, Compressor, CO2
• Source: 2016 Purdue Conferences. 23^rd International Compressor Engineering Conference at Purdue.
• Formats : PDF

Recommended by the IIR / IIR document

How to optimize the floating high pressure

• Author(s) : GUILPART J., NOTTURNO J., ALTAMIRANO A.
• Publication date: 2023/08/21
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Industrial application, Dairy industry, Factory, Modelling, Screw compressor, Evaporative condenser, Case study, Energy saving, Energy consumption, High pressure, Control (automatic)
• Source: Proceedings of the 26^th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration: Paris , France, August 21-25, 2023.
• Formats : PDF

The effects of blade fillets on aerodynamic performance of a high pressure ratio centrifugal compressor.

• Author(s) : OH J.
• Publication date: 2016/07/11
• Languages : English
• Keywords : CFD, Steady state, Aerodynamics, Modelling, High pressure, Centrifugal compressor
• Source: 2016 Purdue Conferences. 23^rd International Compressor Engineering Conference at Purdue.
• Formats : PDF

CFD analysis of high pressure compressor: comparison with two refrigerants (R134A and R407C).

• Author(s) : ADHIKARY P., IQBAL F., SADRI R., et al.
• Publication date: 2018/07/27
• Languages : English
• Keywords : R407C, R134a, CFD, Simulation, High pressure, Flow, Leakage, Air conditioning, Scroll compressor
• Source: Proceedings of the International Conference on Emerging Technologies for Sustainable and Intelligent HVAC&R Systems, Kolkata, July 27-28 2018.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Difference analysis on optimal high pressure of transcritical CO2 cycle in different applications.

• Author(s) : LIANG X. Y., HE Y. J., CHENG J. H., et al.
• Publication date: 2019/10
• Languages : English
• Keywords : CO2, Transcritical cycle, High pressure, Modelling, Performance, Heat pump, R744, Discharge, Water heater
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 106
• Formats : PDF

Japan: update of the High Pressure Gas Safety Act

Since July 2017, revisions of this regulation expedite the adoption of alternative refrigerants with lower GWP.

• Publication date : 2018/01/02
• Subjects: Regulation

A cryogenic distillation column

A high-pressure cryogenic distillation column which replicates a key component of a liquefied natural gas (LNG) plant has been developed in Australia.

• Publication date : 2018/08/08

Refrigeration thanks to plastic crystals

Researchers have found that "plastic crystals" undergo particularly high temperature variations when subjected to pressure changes. These materials could be used for the development of the promising technology of barocaloric refrigeration.

• Publication date : 2019/04/30

Lighting systems for cold stores

Various types of lighting exist for below 0°C temperature cold stores including mercury vapor (MV) lamps, high pressure sodium (HPS) and light-emitting diodes (LED).

• Publication date : 2014/03/28

Better air in planes - at last!

A series of technical changes is making it possible to improve the quality of cabin air in airplanes which until now has been invariably dry and poor in oxygen. The reason: the air was derived from the jet engines. This so-called "bleed air" is...

• Publication date : 2007/02/12

Development and evaluation of a reversible CO2 residential air conditioning system compared to a state-of-the art R410a unit

This paper was presented at the IIR Gustav Lorentzen Conference in Glasgow (Sep. 2004). A reversible CO2 prototype RAC split unit system was designed, built and installed in two calorimetric test chambers. The unit is based on the Lorentzen Cycle...

• Publication date : 2004/11/24

The heart inspires a new cooling system

In August 2004, at the Micro Nano Breakthrough Conference in Portland, engineers from Oregon State University in the US, presented a new successful desorption system using branching microchannels. The system was inspired by the human blood pumping...

• Publication date : 2004/09/14

Brief: R-723

The new natural refrigerant blend R-723 presents the same advantages as ammonia (i.e. high specific evaporation heat and insignifigant GWP) and offers further benefits: it can be used in copper systems and offers full mineral oil solubility. R-723...

• Publication date : 2005/02/11

Briefs: Thermoacoustics for air conditioning

The Palo Alto Research Center (PARC), is developing a new form of refrigeration for cooling at room temperature, based on thermoacoustics, which was previously used only for cryogenic temperatures. The technology PARC developed is claimed to...

• Publication date : 2010/05/27

Briefs: CO2 heat pumps in a retirement home

Villa Laura, a retirement home near Florence, Italy, is equipped with 4 water/water ground-water heat pumps operating with a transcritical CO2 cycle providing heating, air conditioning and hot water. This technology is already used to produce hot...

• Publication date : 2007/11/20

CO2 Supermarkets

The journal Die Kälte und Klimatechnik has just produced an article on the opening of a supermarket using refrigeration installations for the first time running on direct expansion CO2 with both medium and low temperatures in Wettingen,...

• Publication date : 2005/10/26

Natural refrigerants in emerging countries: South Africa

South Africa is facing an energy shortage and a rise in electricity prices. Natural refrigerants, which have important energy saving potential, are now being introduced, especially in supermarkets. Here are 2 examples: . GTZ has offered technical...

• Publication date : 2010/03/07

US HVACR sector news

- According to the US Department of Labor (DOL), Bureau of Labor Statistics, heating, air-conditioning and refrigeration mechanics and installers held about 249 000 jobs in 2002 in the US. This sector has the fastest expected growth rate in the...

• Publication date : 2004/11/10

2005 AHR Expo Innovation award winners

The winners of the third annual AHR (Air Conditioning, Heating and Refrigeration) Expo Innovation awards will be honoured during a ceremony during the 2005 AHR Expo in Orlando, Florida, on February 8, 2005. The product entries were judged for...

• Publication date : 2004/12/22

Solar cooling: Plans for air-conditioned stadiums in Qatar

When Qatar won the bid to host the 2022 football World Cup in December 2010, it came as a surprise. One of the major causes of scepticism was the average summer temperatures of over 40°C with recent peaks at 50°C. But central to Qatar's bid was a...

• Publication date : 2011/02/11

International events: Antony

The 1st IIR Workshop on Refrigerant Charge Reduction in Refrigerating Systems was held in Antony, France, on April 6-7, 2009. Besides charge reduction, key topics covered included enhancement of heat and mass transfer, pressure and oil issues and...

• Publication date : 2009/05/18

IIR Conference: Auckland

Innovative Equipment and Systems for Comfort and Food Preservation , an IIR conference, will be held in Auckland, New Zealand, on February 16-18, 2006. Deadlines: June 1, 2005 for abstracts and September 16, 2005 for papers. December 9, 2005:...

• Publication date : 2005/06/14

REAL Alternatives 4 LIFE achievements!

After 3 years of hard work, the REAL Alternatives 4 LIFE consortium is pleased to announce the achievements of this European funded project to develop an EU-wide training on alternative low GPW...

• Publication date : 2020/06/29
• Subjects: HFCs alternatives

Member news: Efficient Energy has been rewarded for its remarkable growth over the last 4 years

Energy Efficient, an IIR corporate member, ranked third in the latest Deloitte Technology Fast 50 in Germany. This ranking rewards companies based on the percentage increase in their revenue over the last four...

• Publication date : 2021/12/15
• Subjects: HFCs alternatives

Download the latest technical papers from the IIR Cryogenics Conference

Held on 8-11 April this year, the 15th IIR Cryogenics Conference welcomed over 120 guests from more than 22 countries.

• Publication date : 2019/07/02

Member news : Danfoss launches thermostatic expansion valve for CO2

Danfoss has recently launched a thermostatic expansion valve for CO2, based on its TE2 valve. It is suitable for small to medium size remote refrigeration systems such as cold rooms and display...

• Publication date : 2022/10/27

IIR member news: Star Refrigeration

After a year’s research project into low GWP cooling, Star Refrigeration proposes a new chiller using R1234ze.

• Publication date : 2014/02/03

IIR member news: Daikin launches new VRV solution

Daikin has launched a new VRV solution to meet the specific demands of city and urban locations where space is limited and customers want an invisible air conditioning solution.

• Publication date : 2015/09/20

Interview: Director General of the IIR gives an overview of the trends of the refrigeration sector

In the 2018-2019 international special issue of the Industria & Formazione magazine, Director General of the International Institute of Refrigeration, Didier Coulomb, gives an overview of the impact of the refrigeration sector on climate...

• Publication date : 2019/02/19

News from IIR members: Alfa Laval

Two major Belgian supermarket chains have recently ordered Alfa Laval's air gas coolers, and three of them have already been installed. Both supermarkets were specifically searching for cooling systems compatible with CO2 to reduce their energy...

• Publication date : 2013/02/22

March 2023: An active communication and awareness campaign for INDEE+

March 2023 was marked by a series of communication events for INDEE+, gathering all project partners and key Indian HVAC&R stakeholders in India.

• Publication date : 2023/04/26
• Subjects: Developing country

Call for abstracts now open! 15th IIR-Gustav Lorentzen Conference on Natural Refrigerants

Prospective authors of papers are encouraged to submit 150-200 word abstracts by September 15, 2021.

• Publication date : 2021/07/08
• Subjects: Technology, Environment

Cryogenics and Low-Temperature Physics: New Horizons and Challenges

This Focus written by Ralf Herzog*, President of the IIR’s Cryophysics, Cryoengineering commission (Commission A1) for the Newsletter of the IIR is the third in a series of presentations of the activities and hot research topics handled by the...

• Publication date : 2012/09/21

New IIR Informatory Note on “Qualification and Certification of Refrigeration Technicians”

The 28th IIR Informatory Note summarizes global, regional and national standards and regulations relative to the qualification and certification of refrigerating systems personnel.

• Publication date : 2015/10/07

Heat pumps, the central theme of the recent IIR Congress

An overview of the research carried out in the field of heat pumps, with the aim of achieving greater flexibility and increased energy efficiency, in particular through to the use of thermal energy...

• Publication date : 2023/10/24

Liquefied Natural Gas: production process and cold energy recovery

Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is natural gas that has been cooled to about -160 °C and turned into a liquid to facilitate transportation and storage. A typical LNG supply chain...

• Last update : 2023/06/23
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : LNG and LPG

Additive manufacturing of regenerators for caloric cooling

In many areas of engineering, additive manufacturing allows the production of complex and multifunctional products that could not be manufactured using traditional methods. In the...

• Last update : 2022/09/16
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Caloric cooling (magnetocaloric, electrocaloric, elastocaloric and barocaloric cooling)

Additive manufacturing of heat exchangers

In the refrigeration industry, additive manufacturing (colloquially referred to as “3D printing”) makes it possible to fabricate novel, complex and potentially more energy efficient...

• Last update : 2022/09/07
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Evaporators, condensers and other heat exchangers

Cryogenic nitrogen in the food and beverage industry

The adoption of cryogenic processes in the food and beverage industry is predominantly driven by liquid nitrogen (LIN), and it is the preferred candidate for food chilling and...

• Last update : 2023/11/07
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Freezing of foodstuffs

Thermophysical properties of HFC refrigerants

Thermophysical properties of over 100 HFC refrigerants, including single-component and blends.

• Last update : 2022/06/17
• Langues : English
• Themes : HFCs, Blends, HFO et HCFO

Thermophysical properties of HFO refrigerants

Thermophysical properties of over 50 HFO refrigerants, including single-component and blends.

• Last update : 2022/06/17
• Langues : English
• Themes : Blends, HFO et HCFO

Thermophysical properties of hydrocarbon refrigerants

Thermophysical properties of over 20 hydrocarbon refrigerants, including single-component and blends.

• Last update : 2022/06/17
• Langues : English
• Themes : Hydrocarbons, Blends