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IIR document

Can air curtains be used to build a non-uniform indoor environment and save energy?

• Author(s) : SHEN C., SHAO X., LI X.
• Publication date: 2015/08/16
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Heat, Air curtain, Simulation, Performance, Energy saving, Air conditioning, Distribution
• Source: Proceedings of the 24th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration: Yokohama, Japan, August 16-22, 2015.
• Formats : PDF

El reto de mantener un ecosistema polar en Madrid.

The challenge of maintaining a polar ecosystem in the zoo of Madrid.

• Author(s) : MELGOSA REVILLAS S.
• Publication date: 2017/01
• Languages : Spanish
• Keywords : Ice, Maintenance, Thermography, Chiller, Animal, Summer, Ecology, Air conditioning
• Source: Frío Calor Aire acondicionado - vol. 45 - n. 498
• Formats : PDF

Building envelope cooling load study for an indoor snow field with ETFE-roof.

[In Chinese. / En chinois.]

• Author(s) : ZHANG J.
• Publication date: 2015/07
• Languages : Chinese
• Source: HV & AC - vol. 45 - n. 305
• Formats : PDF

Current developments and challenges of underground mine ventilation and cooling methods.

• Author(s) : KAMYAR A., AMINOSSADATI S. M., LEONARDO C., et al.
• Publication date: 2016/02/10
• Languages : English
• Source: 2016 Coal Operators' Conference
• Formats : PDF

Swimming pools air-conditioning systems calculation methods.

[In Ukrainian. / En ukrainien.]

• Author(s) : ZHIKHAREVA N. V.
• Publication date: 2015/03/26
• Languages : Ukrainian
• Keywords : Swimming pool, Pressurization, Modelling, Humidity, Evaporation, Air conditioning, Condensation, Thermal load
• Source: Holodil'na Tehnika i Tehnologiâ - vol.51 - n.4

Shading and cooling effects of spray on the surface of glass roof of building.

[In Chinese. / En chinois.]

• Author(s) : LI M., DING Y.
• Publication date: 2014/12
• Languages : Chinese
• Source: HV & AC - vol. 44 - n. 298
• Formats : PDF

Recommended by the IIR

Freshwater production and solar disinfection of water released from the air-conditioning cooling system: an experimental investigation.

• Author(s) : SABBE MOOSA I., RASHID AL-IESSI L. M., KAZEM H. A.
• Publication date: 2020/08
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Air conditioning, Drinkable water, Hot climate, Developing country, Solar energy, Bacteria, Disinfection, Expérimentation, Condensate
• Source: Renewable energy and environmental sustainability - 5 - 9
• Formats : PDF

The microlimate control for a museum showcase: the case of a painting on a wooden board in S.Giusto cathedral (Trieste - Italy).

• Author(s) : DE BEI M., PERON F., ROMAGNONI P.
• Publication date: 2013/06/16
• Languages : English
• Source: Clima 2013. 11th REHVA World Congress and 8th International Conference on Indoor Air Quality, Ventilation and Energy Conservation in Buildings.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Investigation of two-phase injected compression with economization for high temperature application.

• Author(s) : BAHMAN A., ZIVIANI D., GROLL E.
• Publication date: 2019/08/24
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Military application, Cooling capacity, Injection, High temperature, Expérimentation, COP, Air conditioning, Compression
• Source: Proceedings of the 25^th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration: Montréal , Canada, August 24-30, 2019.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Development of prediction model of leaf vegetable product coupled photosynthetic rate and growth curve of leaf area under air-conditioning environment in plant factory.

• Author(s) : YOSHIDA A., MORIUCHI K., UEDA Y., et al.
• Publication date: 2019/08/24
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Cultivation, Prediction, Physiology, Model, Lettuce, Expérimentation, Growth, Air conditioning, Water
• Source: Proceedings of the 25^th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration: Montréal , Canada, August 24-30, 2019.
• Formats : PDF

Numerical simulation of desiccant air-conditioning system for agricultural greenhouses.

• Author(s) : SULTAN M., MIYAZAKI T., KOYAMA S.
• Publication date: 2017/08/07
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Dehumidification, Regeneration, Simulation, Greenhouse, COP, Air conditioning, Climate
• Source: International sorption heat pump conference, ISHPC 2017, Tokyo august 7-10.

IIR document

Thermal performance of a rotary booster driven free-cooling unit for data center.

• Author(s) : XUE L., LI S., MA G., et al.
• Publication date: 2019/08/24
• Languages : English
• Source: Proceedings of the 25^th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration: Montréal , Canada, August 24-30, 2019.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Hybrid model based refrigerant charge fault estimation for the data centre air conditioning system.

• Author(s) : ZHU X., DU Z., CHEN Z., et al.
• Publication date: 2019/10
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Data centre, Prediction, Performance, Modelling, Default, Air conditioning, Refrigerant charge
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 106
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Parametric study by means of 3D CFD to improve the airflow pattern and temperature distribution in data center rooms.

• Author(s) : MACEDO D. G. C. S., GODINA R., GASPAR P. D., et al.
• Publication date: 2019/08/24
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Velocity (fluids, gases), Data centre, CFD, Temperature, Air flow, Energy efficiency, Air conditioning
• Source: Proceedings of the 25^th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration: Montréal , Canada, August 24-30, 2019.
• Formats : PDF

Influence of a Cooling System on Power MOSFETs’ Thermal Parameters.

• Author(s) : GORECKI K., POSOBKIEWICZ K.
• Publication date: 2022/04
• Languages : English
• Source: Energies - 15 - 8
• Formats : PDF

Data centers: cooling technologies and trends

Over the next five to ten years, the use of traditional computer room air-conditioning units is expected to drop dramatically as data centres opt for a combination of free cooling, liquid cooling and chilled-water cooling.

• Publication date : 2015/11/26

Alternative Cooling Technologies conference, London, 1st February 2005

This conference, which was co-sponsored by the UK Institute of Refrigeration and organised commercially by RAC magazine, was well attended with about 140 people present. It was arranged in five sessions. In the first session, speakers from UK...

• Publication date : 2005/02/11

New decisions on environmental issues

Environmental issues will certainly continue to be the main driver of evolution in the refrigeration sector in the coming decades. Newsletter No. 37 mentioned new orientations decided during the latest United Nations conferences on the ozone layer...

• Publication date : 2009/05/18

New F-gases Regulation

Regulation (EC) No. 842/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council of May 17, 2006 on certain fluorinated greenhouse gases (F-gases) entered into force on July 4, 2006. It shall apply with effect from July 4, 2007 in the 25 European Member...

• Publication date : 2006/10/25

New F-gases Regulation: an ambitious

Regulation (EC) No. 842/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council of May 17, 2006 on certain fluorinated greenhouse gases (F-gases) entered into force on July 4, 2006. It shall apply with effect from July 4, 2007 in the 25 European Member...

• Publication date : 2006/11/14

New environmental measures are emerging

Two important (for the refrigeration and air-conditioning sector) United Nations conferences take place every year, on ozone depletion and on climate change. The IIR attends these conferences and presents a statement as an intergovernmental...

• Publication date : 2009/02/24

2005 AHR Expo Innovation award winners

The winners of the third annual AHR (Air Conditioning, Heating and Refrigeration) Expo Innovation awards will be honoured during a ceremony during the 2005 AHR Expo in Orlando, Florida, on February 8, 2005. The product entries were judged for...

• Publication date : 2004/12/22

GeoExchange coalition: promoting earth-energy heat pumps

A coalition for the promotion of earth-energy heat pumps, called the GeoExchange Coalition has been formed in Canada. Five electric utilities formed this coalition in an effort to significantly increase the number of annual installations for...

• Publication date : 2004/09/14

HFO-1234yf news

HFO-1234yf, developed by DuPont and Honeywell as a substitute for HFC-134a in mobile air-conditioning applications in response to EU 2006/40 Directive which bans the use of refrigerants with a GWP higher than 150 in new types of vehicles by...

• Publication date : 2011/02/04

Briefs: solar air-conditioning prototype

As part of the European programme Solera, CEA LITEN researchers recently set up a 4.5-kW solar air-conditioning prototype in the facilities of the INES (French National Institute of Solar Energy) in Chambéry in the French Alps, where the system...

• Publication date : 2009/12/09

F-gas Regulation

The European Union's "F-gas" Regulation No. 842/2006 is now applied with effect on July 4, 2007 in the 27 European Member States. This Regulation aims at minimizing emissions of fluorinated greenhouse gases, including HFCs. -For stationary...

• Publication date : 2007/08/05

R&D topics

In this issue of the Newsletter dedicated to environmental issues, we present several initiatives related to promising refrigeration technologies or applications which have the potential to decrease the environmental impact of refrigeration plants...

• Publication date : 2007/08/05

AC Market in Europe

According to Daikin Industries Ltd., the European air-conditioning (AC) market has features that could appear as commercial obstacles, including relatively mild climate, even in Mediterranean areas. Concern for cityscape issues leads to resistance...

• Publication date : 2006/07/26

The first air-conditioned stadium in Qatar

Qatar recently completed the installation of air conditioning in the Khalifa International Stadium, in preparation for FIFA World Cup 2022.

• Publication date : 2017/07/10

Individual air conditioning for aircraft seats

Fraunhofer partner Gentherm has developed an air-conditioned seat for business-class.

• Publication date : 2018/05/18

Conference update: Ohrid

The 3rd IIR event in a series, Ammonia Refrigeration Technology was held on May 7-9, 2009, in Ohrid, Macedonia. With 95 participants from 24 countries and 32 papers presented, the event was very successful. A key focus of this series of...

• Publication date : 2009/05/27

Conference update: Cambridge

The 1st IIR Conference on Sustainability and the Cold Chain is to be held on March 29-31, 2010. The conference, which will attract an international audience of researchers and industrialists, will bring together those with an...

• Publication date : 2009/12/09

IIR Working Party on Refrigerant Charge Reduction in Refrigerating Systems: Join Us!

Suitable design of refrigerating systems has several benefits in terms of limitation of the environmental impact thanks to a reduction in the energy consumption and the limitation of refrigerant emissions. The direct greenhouse effect accounts for...

• Publication date : 2008/10/25

Spotlight on Commission B2: at the forefront of refrigerating equipment

Coordinated by the IIR Science and Technology Council, Commission B2 focuses on promoting knowledge of refrigerating equipment technologies and their applications worldwide.

• Publication date : 2015/05/15

New IIR Working Groups focus on core matters in refrigeration

IIR Working Groups (WGs) operate on a temporary basis and bring together specialists to work on projects concerning current technological, social or economic issues linked to refrigeration. Their aim is to promote development, provide knowledge...

• Publication date : 2018/10/02

IIR member news: A new BSRIA study on the global compressor market 

A recent study by BSRIA shows that sales of refrigeration compressors in 2022 are expected to reach 502 million units with a value of USD 48.6 billion, up 15% year-on-year. 

• Publication date : 2022/12/13
• Subjects: Figures, economy

Activities of the IIR’s Commission B2 on Refrigerating Equipment

The IIR’s Commission B2, which includes 70 experts from 25 IIR member countries on all continents, is extremely active and participates in many IIR activities aimed at promoting knowledge of refrigeration technologies and their applications...

• Publication date : 2014/11/20

Review of F-gas regulation - IIR contribution

The IIR has responded to the European Commission consultation “Fluorinated greenhouse gases – review of EU rules (2015-20)” which aims to collect opinions and suggestions about the update of the F-gas Regulation...

• Publication date : 2020/09/06
• Subjects: Regulation, HFCs alternatives, Environment

See what's in our events calendar for 2016!

ICR2015 may be over, but the IIR’s conference activities in 2016 show a promising choice of events covering cutting-edge refrigeration themes from refrigerants to energy issues; from cold chain sustainability to new refrigeration technologies.

• Publication date : 2015/09/02

IJR Editorial: The IIR on the board of the international network of women in cooling

Women are significantly and visibly under-represented in the refrigeration industry. A preliminary evaluation has demonstrated that around 6% of women are members of national refrigeration and air-conditioning...

• Publication date : 2023/01/09

The essential role of refrigeration in the combat against COVID-19

Statement of the International Institute of Refrigeration calling governments to consider refrigeration-related services as “essential services” in the context of the current health crisis due to COVID-19.

• Publication date : 2020/04/14
• Subjects: Developing country, General information, Regulation, Technology, Environment, Figures, economy

HARFKO 2015: More successful than ever welcomes UNEP Ozone2Climate Roundtable & Roadshow

Last week the IIR was delighted to participate in the 13th Heating, Air-conditioning, Refrigeration & Fluid Exhibition – KOREA (HARFKO 2015).

• Publication date : 2015/03/18

IIR Working Group publishes Guidelines for Life Cycle Climate Performance

The Guidelines for Life Cycle Climate Performance (LCCP) provide a harmonised method to calculate the LCCP for all types of stationary air conditioning, heat pumping and refrigeration systems.

• Publication date : 2016/01/27

Statement given by Didier Coulomb, Director General of the IIR, during COP 21

Statement given by Didier Coulomb, Director General of the International Institute of Refrigeration (IIR) during the 21st United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP 21) in Paris (November...

• Publication date : 2020/03/29
• Subjects: Regulation, Environment

Call for abstracts now open! 15th IIR-Gustav Lorentzen Conference on Natural Refrigerants

Prospective authors of papers are encouraged to submit 150-200 word abstracts by September 15, 2021.

• Publication date : 2021/07/08
• Subjects: Technology, Environment

Hydrocarbon refrigerants

Hydrocarbons such as R290 (propane), R600a (isobutane) or R1270 (propene/propylene) are low GWP non-toxic natural refrigerants with excellent thermodynamic properties. They offer an...

• Last update : 2022/06/22
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Hydrocarbons, Containment, refrigerant charge reduction

Ice cream manufacturing, environmental impact and market data

From a physico-chemical point of view, ice cream is a complex, frozen multiphase mixture. The manufacturing process includes several stages of freezing which are described in this...

• Last update : 2023/05/10
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Ice creams

Additive manufacturing of heat exchangers

In the refrigeration industry, additive manufacturing (colloquially referred to as “3D printing”) makes it possible to fabricate novel, complex and potentially more energy efficient...

• Last update : 2022/09/07
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Evaporators, condensers and other heat exchangers

Additive manufacturing of regenerators for caloric cooling

In many areas of engineering, additive manufacturing allows the production of complex and multifunctional products that could not be manufactured using traditional methods. In the...

• Last update : 2022/09/16
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Caloric cooling (magnetocaloric, electrocaloric, elastocaloric and barocaloric cooling)

Liquefied Natural Gas: production process and cold energy recovery

Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is natural gas that has been cooled to about -160 °C and turned into a liquid to facilitate transportation and storage. A typical LNG supply chain...

• Last update : 2022/06/20
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : LNG and LPG