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IIR document

Investigation of the key factors that affect drip loss in Japanese strawberry cultivars as a result of freezing and thawing.

• Author(s) : KUROKAWA M., KASAI T., SUGINO T., OKADA Y., KOBAYASHI R.
• Publication date: 2022/02
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Strawberry, Frozen food, Pectin, Drip, Cell, Wall, Water holding, Expérimentation
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 134
• Formats : PDF

Recubrimientos de mucílago de nopal y grenetina para mejorar la vida comercial de nectarina arcela mínimamente procesada.

Prickly pear pectin and tasteless gelatine-based coatings to improve the commercial life of minimally processed nectarines.

• Author(s) : LIRA-VARGAS A. A., CORRALES-GARCIA J., VALLE-GUADARRAMA S., et al.
• Publication date: 2018/06/19
• Languages : Spanish
• Source: CYTEF 2018. IX Congreso Ibérico y VII Congreso Iberoamericano de Ciencias y Técnicas del Frío, Valencia, España, 19-21 junio 2018.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Changes of pectin quantity in fresh and frozen apple products.

• Author(s) : BOCA S., KRASNOVA I., SEGLINA D., et al.
• Publication date: 2011/08/21
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Variety, Research, Fresh produce, Frozen food, Apple, Pectin, Freezing, Fruit
• Source: Proceedings of the 23^rd IIR International Congress of Refrigeration: Prague, Czech Republic, August 21-26, 2011. Overarching theme: Refrigeration for Sustainable Development.
• Formats : PDF

Cambios en la cantidad de pectina en los productos de manzana frescos y congelados.

Changes of pectin quantity in fresh and frozen apple products.

• Author(s) : BOCA S., KRASNOVA I., SEGLINA D., et al.
• Publication date: 2013/11
• Languages : Spanish
• Keywords : Variety, Research, Fresh produce, Frozen food, Apple, Pectin, Freezing, Fruit
• Source: Frío Calor Aire acondicionado - vol. 41 - n. 463
• Formats : PDF

Krioochrome wlasciwosci pektyny i lecytyny w tkance miesniowej drobiu w czasie zamrazalniczego przechowywania.

Cryoprotective properties of pectin and lecithin in chicken meat tissue during frozen storage.

• Author(s) : STODOLNIK L., ROSINSKI P., GRZEGRZÓLKA A.
• Publication date: 2004
• Languages : Polish
• Keywords : Cryoprotectant, Mince, Pectin, Chicken, Cold storage, Freezing, Additive
• Source: Chlodnictwo - vol. 39 - n. 8

IIR document

Texture and pectin composition changes of dehydrofreeze-thawed strawberry slices: influence of different dehydration pretreatments.

• Author(s) : LO SCALZO R., BRIMAR H., LEVA A. A., et al.
• Publication date: 2003/08/17
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Thawing, Strawberry, Texture, Pectin, Expérimentation, Dehydration, Freezing, Fruit
• Source: 21^st IIR International Congress of Refrigeration: Serving the Needs of Mankind.
• Formats : PDF

Ultrastructural and changes in pectin composition of sweet cherry from the application of prefreezing treatments.

• Author(s) : ALONSO J., TORTOSA M. E., CANET W., et al.
• Publication date: 2005/11
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Thermal treatment, Thawing, Precooling, Cherry, Calcium, Quality, Pectin, Freezing, Fruit
• Source: Ital. J. Food Sci. - vol. 70 - n. 9

Activity change in softening enzymes during sour cherry maturation and storage.

• Author(s) : PERLAKI R.
• Publication date: 2003
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Cherry, Research, Pectin, Ripening (fruit), Firmness, Cold storage, Fruit
• Source: Period. polytech., Chem. Eng. - vol. 47 - n. 1

Effects of post-harvest pre-cooling processes and cyclical heat treatment on the physico-chemical properties of 'Red Haven peaches' and 'Shahmiveh pears' during cold storage.

• Author(s) : KALBASI-ASHTARI A.
• Publication date: 2004/07
• Languages : English
• Source: CIGR J. sci. Res. Dev. - vol. 6

Alterações físico-químicas em morangos (Fragaria anassa Duch.) irradiados e armazenados.

Physical-chemical alterations in irradiated and stored strawberries (Fragaria anassa Duch.).

• Author(s) : FRANCOSO I. L. T., COUTO M. A. L., CANNIATTI-BRAZACA S. G., et al.
• Publication date: 2008/07
• Languages : Portuguese
• Source: Ciênc. Tecnol. Aliment. - vol. 28 - n. 3

Use of LDPE packaging for guava fruit under cold storage: changes in some sensory characteristics and cell wall compounds.

• Author(s) : CHITARRA M. I. F., CHITARRA A. B., CARVALHO H. A. de
• Publication date: 2002
• Languages : English
• Source: Braz. J. Food Technol. - vol. 5 - n. 94

IIR document

EFFECT OF DIFFERENT HYDROCOLLOIDS ON THE STABILITY OF FROZEN STORED MINCED FILLETS OF WHITING AND COD.

• Author(s) : DA PONTE D. J. B., ROOZEN J. P., PILNIK W.
• Publication date: 1985
• Languages : English
• Source: Storage lives of chilled and frozen fish and fish products.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Freezing and storage of non-traditional vegetables.

• Author(s) : KOLODYAZNAYA V. S., RUMIANCEVA O. N.
• Publication date: 2000
• Languages : English
• Source: Advances in the Refrigeration Systems, Food Technologies and Cold Chain
• Formats : PDF

Quality changes of some apple cultivars stored in normal atmosphere for long periods.

• Author(s) : ERTURK U., AKBUDAK B., OZER M. H.
• Publication date: 2003/02
• Languages : English
• Source: Proceedings of the International Conference Postharvest Unlimited.

Tomates fatiados minimamente processados: aspectos sensoriais e microbiológicos.

Minimally processed sliced tomatoes: sensorial and microbiological aspects.

• Author(s) : ANJOS M. de C. R. dos, ANJOS A. dos, AMANTE E. R.
• Publication date: 2004/05
• Languages : Portuguese
• Source: Rev. Ceres - vol. 51 - n. 295

Solar cooling: Perspectives in Australia

A paper by P. Kohlenbach and M. Dennis1 presented at the 9th IIR Gustav Lorentzen Conference on Natural Refrigerants in Sydney gave an outlook and future perspectives on solar cooling in Australia, focusing on a comparison between the current...

• Publication date : 2011/02/04

Micro-trigeneration trends and perspectives

Micro-trigeneration systems are emerging in various applications like residential buildings, hotels, hospitals, university campuses, automobiles, etc.

• Publication date : 2015/07/03

Solar perspectives for cooling in the Gulf

Air conditioning is claimed to account for 60% of the energy consumption in Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries, and various options for lowering the air-conditioning energy demand are being considered.

• Publication date : 2013/03/04

Refrigerated containers: state of play and perspectives

Refrigerated containers play an essential role in the maritime refrigerated transport sector; a look back at the stages of their development and the recent and future technological advances of this...

• Publication date : 2024/02/26
• Subjects: Technology

Caloric cooling: state of the art and perspectives

A recent IJR article reviews the most significant results obtained over the past ten years in the field of magnetocaloric cooling and more recently in the field of electrocaloric, elastocaloric and barocaloric cooling. It also presents the...

• Publication date : 2019/11/29

ICR2011 highlights: carbon capture and storage (CCS) perspectives

During ICR2011, a complete session was devoted to carbon capture and storage (CCS). Berstad et al.(1) stressed that according to IEA, out of the targeted global annual CO2 emissions reductions – 50% by 2050 compared to 2005 levels –, CO2 CCS from...

• Publication date : 2011/11/16
• Subjects: Environment, General information

HVAC market in the United States: figures and perspectives

A market study published in November 2011 by Freedonia, provides figures on the current market and perspectives until 2015.

• Publication date : 2012/03/06
• Subjects: Figures, economy

Global air conditioning systems market perspectives

A new report from Transparency Market Research aims to provide a comprehensive strategic analysis of the global air conditioning systems market along with revenue, volume, and growth forecasts for the period from 2014 to 2024.

• Publication date : 2016/09/02
• Subjects: Figures, economy

IIR Cryogenics 2023 conference: perspectives of cryogenic technologies for 2030

Overview of future technological advances in cryogenics: liquid hydrogen electric aircrafts, cryofuels, hydrogen chemical energy conversion, fuel cells for energy storage, cryogenic rocket engine, quantum and...

• Publication date : 2023/06/27

Global scroll and absorption chillers market perspectives

According to a new report from MarketsandMarkets, the global scroll & absorption chillers market is expected to grow from USD 5.61 Billion in 2015 to USD 7.13 Billion by 2022, at a CAGR of 4.1% between 2016 and 2022.

• Publication date : 2016/09/05

Chile's energy outlook

Summary of an article published in the Santiago Times in January 2018.

• Publication date : 2018/02/08
• Subjects: Figures, economy

The LNG sector: outlook

LNG sales are expected to reach 240.8Mt in 2012, approximately 1Mt less than 2011.

• Publication date : 2013/12/20

Overview and outlook of the cooling sector in Jordan

In May 2024, Jordan’s Ministry of the Environment published its National Cooling Strategy (NCS), which details the country’s cooling sector and sets a framework for the National...

• Publication date : 2024/06/26
• Subjects: Figures, economy, General information

Prospects for a sustainable cold chain in India

The establishment of a sustainable cold chain in India could save 5.75bn euros worth of fruit and vegetables wasted annually.

• Publication date : 2015/05/21
• Subjects: Figures, economy

Prospects for the establishment of a sustainable cold chain in India

New study emphasises the ‘here-now’ global challenge and the importance of developing more sustainable cold chains.

• Publication date : 2015/02/04

IIR at COP29 in Baku: Week 1 in review

The first week of COP29 in Baku, Azerbaijan, brought together global leaders, scientists, and industry stakeholders to tackle pressing climate issues. Among the key participants, the...

• Publication date : 2024/11/17

New IIR Informatory Note. Low-GWP Refrigerants: Status and Outlook

The latest IIR Informatory Note outlines the options available for low-GWP refrigerants and their respective performance. It provides a series of recommendations on refrigerant...

• Publication date : 2022/07/08
• Subjects: HFCs alternatives

The year 2016: a new year full of opportunity

The year 2016 will be particularly important due to increasing international discussions on the production and consumption of hydrofluorocarbons with high global warming potential.

• Publication date : 2016/01/06

Happy World Ozone Day!

On behalf of UN Environment Programme (UNEP) OzonAction, it gives us great pleasure to wish you a happy World Ozone Day.

• Publication date : 2020/09/16
• Subjects: Developing country, Environment

REAL Alternatives 4 LIFE achievements!

After 3 years of hard work, the REAL Alternatives 4 LIFE consortium is pleased to announce the achievements of this European funded project to develop an EU-wide training on alternative low GPW...

• Publication date : 2020/06/29
• Subjects: HFCs alternatives

World Refrigeration Day 2020

The annual World Refrigeration Day aims to raise awareness among the wider public about the importance of refrigeration technologies in everyday life. Organised under...

• Publication date : 2020/06/25
• Subjects: Figures, economy, Developing country

Frisbee Project: Latest Developments

Frisbee is a European-Union-funded 4-year project. It was launched in September 2010 and involves 26 partners including the IIR. the IIR is in charge of collecting data and the dissemination of research outcomes. The aim is to provide new...

• Publication date : 2011/12/20

IIR Working Parties

The IIR has 10 commissions: Cryophysics, cryoegineering (A1); Liquefaction and separation of gases (A2); Thermodynamics and transfer processes(B1); Refrigerating equipment (B2); Cryobiology, cryomedicine (C1); Food science and engineering (C2);...

• Publication date : 2009/12/09

Editorial by Didier Coulomb

In the previous issue of the Newsletter, I wrote about the conclusions I drew following the 2006 United Nations conferences on ozone depletion and climate change. A recently published important element backs up my conclusions: the Proceedings of...

• Publication date : 2007/05/04

Highlights from REFCOLD India 2024

The International Institute of Refrigeration recently participated in REFCOLD India 2024, held from October 3-5 in Kolkata, India. Organised by ISHRAE and Informa Markets, this

• Publication date : 2024/10/30

Hot off the press: Handbook on Indirect Refrigeration and Heat Pump Systems

Be the first to read the newly published IIR Handbook on Indirect Refrigeration and Heat Pump Systems.

• Publication date : 2015/08/05

Editorial by François Billiard

I am moved as I write these lines: I left the IIR on October 1, 2004, following a 5-year mandate as Director; the Executive Committee elected me on June 13, 1998. Thanks to the IIR's members, the members of its statutory committees, and the staff...

• Publication date : 2004/11/10

Cryogenic nitrogen in the food and beverage industry

The adoption of cryogenic processes in the food and beverage industry is predominantly driven by liquid nitrogen (LIN), and it is the preferred candidate for food chilling and...

• Last update : 2023/11/07
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Freezing of foodstuffs

Liquefied Natural Gas: production process and cold energy recovery

Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is natural gas that has been cooled to about -160 °C and turned into a liquid to facilitate transportation and storage. A typical LNG supply chain...

• Last update : 2023/06/23
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : LNG and LPG

Additive manufacturing of regenerators for caloric cooling

In many areas of engineering, additive manufacturing allows the production of complex and multifunctional products that could not be manufactured using traditional methods. In the...

• Last update : 2022/09/16
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Caloric cooling (magnetocaloric, electrocaloric, elastocaloric and barocaloric cooling)

Additive manufacturing of heat exchangers

In the refrigeration industry, additive manufacturing (colloquially referred to as “3D printing”) makes it possible to fabricate novel, complex and potentially more energy efficient...

• Last update : 2022/09/07
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Evaporators, condensers and other heat exchangers

Environmental impact of the ice cream industry

This summary document describes the environmental impact of ice cream manufacturing, which is mainly due to the energy consumption and refrigerants used.

• Last update : 2022/11/17
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : General information on environment (climate change, ozone depletion…)

Nanorefrigerants

Nanorefrigerants are created by adding nanoparticles in suspension to a base refrigerant. They have a thermal conductivity that is 15% to 104% higher than that of the corresponding...

• Last update : 2022/06/17
• Langues : English, French
• Themes : Nanofluids

Global warming potential (GWP) of HFC refrigerants

Using the latest updated data from UNEP’s RTOC 2022 report, we have compiled the 100-year GWP and 20-year GWP values of hydrofluorocarbon-based (HFC) refrigerants. Our table includes...

• Last update : 2023/09/15
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : HFCs

Hydrocarbon refrigerants

Hydrocarbons such as R290 (propane), R600a (isobutane) or R1270 (propene/propylene) are low GWP non-toxic natural refrigerants with excellent thermodynamic properties. They offer an...

• Last update : 2022/06/22
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Hydrocarbons, Containment, refrigerant charge reduction