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IIR document

PVT MEASUREMENTS OF R114.

• Author(s) : HASEGAWA N.
• Publication date: 1983/08/07
• Languages : English
• Keywords : R114, Thermodynamic property
• Source: [Refrigeration serving humanity]. Proceedings of the XVI^th international Congress of Refrigeration.
• Formats : PDF

Potential R114 replacement refrigerants.

• Author(s) : BROWN J. S.
• Publication date: 2008/06/21
• Languages : English
• Keywords : R114, Thermodynamic property, Substitute, Simulation, COP, Refrigerant
• Source: ASHRAE Transactions. 2008 Annual Meeting, Salt Lake City, UT. Volume 114, part 2 + CD-ROM.

IIR document

ISOBARIC SPECIFIC HEAT CAPACITY OF LIQUID R114.

• Author(s) : ASHIZAWA M., SAITOH A., SATO H.
• Publication date: 1987/08/24
• Languages : English
• Keywords : R114, Halogen, Measurement, Liquid, Physical property, Pressure, Refrigerant, Specific heat
• Source: Development in refrigeration, refrigeration for development. Proceedings of the XVIIth international Congress of Refrigeration.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

THERMODYNAMIC DATA OF THE BINARY MIXTURE R22/R114.

• Author(s) : KUVER M., KRUSE H.
• Publication date: 1987/08/24
• Languages : English
• Keywords : R114, Halogen, Measurement, R22, Thermodynamic property, Zeotropic mixture, Mixture, Refrigerant
• Source: Development in refrigeration, refrigeration for development. Proceedings of the XVIIth international Congress of Refrigeration.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

MEASUREMENT AND CALCULATION OF PVTX DATA OF THE BINARY MIXTURE R12-R114.

• Author(s) : KÜVER M., SCHROEDER M., KRUSE H.
• Publication date: 1983/08/07
• Languages : English
• Keywords : R114, R12, Thermodynamic property, Mixture, Equation of state
• Source: [Refrigeration serving humanity]. Proceedings of the XVI^th international Congress of Refrigeration.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Heat transfer at pool boiling of mixtures with R22 and R114.

• Author(s) : GORENFLO D., BLEIN P., HERRES G., et al.
• Publication date: 1988/07
• Languages : English
• Keywords : R114, Heat transfer, R22, Mixture, Boiling
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 11 - n. 4
• Formats : PDF

Preliminary selection of R-114 replacement refrigerants using fundamental thermodynamic parameters (RP-1308).

• Author(s) : BROWN J. S.
• Publication date: 2007/09
• Languages : English
• Keywords : R114, Substitute, Equation of state, Refrigerant
• Source: HVAC&R Research - vol. 13 - n. 5

IIR document

MEASUREMENTS OF THE PVTX PROPERTIES FOR BINARY REFRIGERANT R152A-R114 SYSTEM.

• Author(s) : YADA N., UEMATSU M., WATANABE K.
• Publication date: 1987/08/24
• Languages : English
• Keywords : R114, Halogen, R152a, Thermodynamic property, Zeotropic mixture, Mixture, Pressure, Refrigerant
• Source: Development in refrigeration, refrigeration for development. Proceedings of the XVIIth international Congress of Refrigeration.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

THERMODYNAMIC ANALYSIS OF R22-R114 REFRIGERATION CYCLE.

• Author(s) : TAN L. C., YIN J. M.
• Publication date: 1987/08/24
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Thermodynamics, R114, Halogen, Calculation, R22, Zeotropic mixture, Mixture, Equation of state, Thermodynamic cycle, Refrigerant
• Source: Development in refrigeration, refrigeration for development. Proceedings of the XVIIth international Congress of Refrigeration.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

MEASUREMENTS AND CALCULATIONS OF THERMODYNAMIC DATA FOR THE BINARY REFRIGERANT MIXTURE R22-R114.

• Author(s) : KRUSE H.
• Publication date: 1989
• Languages : English
• Keywords : R114, Diagram, R22, Thermodynamic property, Zeotropic mixture, Equation of state, Refrigerant
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 12 - n. 2
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

UNE POMPE A CHALEUR AU R114 POUR LA CONCENTRATION DES MOUTS DE RAISIN.

A R114 HEAT PUMP FOR THE CONCENTRATION OF GRAPE MUSTS.

• Author(s) : CAMOUS J. P., FOUCARD G.
• Publication date: 1987/08/24
• Languages : French
• Keywords : R114, Wine, Grape, Heat pump, Performance, Oenology, Fruit juice, Concentration
• Source: Development in refrigeration, refrigeration for development. Proceedings of the XVIIth international Congress of Refrigeration.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

MEASUREMENTS OF JOULE-THOMSON COEFFICIENTS FOR THE BINARY REFRIGERANT MIXTURE R22-R114.

• Author(s) : STEPHAN K., MRZYGLOD M.
• Publication date: 1990
• Languages : English
• Keywords : R114, Joule-Thomson, Halogen, Calculation, Measurement, R22, Thermodynamic property, Zeotropic mixture, Refrigerant
• Source: Thermophysical properties of pure substances and mixtures for refrigeration.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

VISCOSITY OF REFRIGERANT R22 AND MIXTURES OF R22-R114 AT HIGH PRESSURE.

• Author(s) : NABIZADEH H., MAYINGER F.
• Publication date: 1990
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Viscosity, R114, Halogen, Measurement, R22, Physical property, Zeotropic mixture, High temperature, Refrigerant
• Source: Thermophysical properties of pure substances and mixtures for refrigeration.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

HEAT TRANSFER AT POOL BOILING OF MIXTURES WITH R22 AND R114.

• Author(s) : GORENFLO D.
• Publication date: 1988
• Languages : English
• Keywords : R114, Pool boiling, Heat transfer coefficient, Calculation, Heat transfer, R22, Performance, Zeotropic mixture
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

CONDENSING HEAT TRANSFER FOR R114-R12 MIXTURES ON HORIZONTAL FINNED TUBES.

• Author(s) : MURPHY R. W., CHEN F. C., HWANG B. C.
• Publication date: 1988
• Languages : English
• Keywords : R114, Finned tube, Heat transfer, R12, Heat pump, Performance, Zeotropic mixture, Refrigerant, Condensation
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 11 - n. 6
• Formats : PDF

Alternative mixtures for R134a

A NIST study identifies 23 non-flammable or slightly flammable mixtures as R134a alternatives in air conditioning.

• Publication date : 2019/08/29

New R134a alternatives in mobile air conditioning

Two new refrigerant blends are considered as an R134a alternative and "virtually non-flammable".

• Publication date : 2014/12/18

300 cylinders of counterfeit R134a seized in Hangzhou

US refrigerant manufacturer DuPont has announced the seizure of 300 cylinders of counterfeit R134a in Hangzhou province, China.

• Publication date : 2013/11/13

Refrigerant blends may offer alternative to R134a

Research released by SAE provide further evidence that Mexichem Fluor's refrigerant blends AC5 and AC6 could offer EU regulation compliant alternatives to R134a in automotive air conditioning.

• Publication date : 2013/12/20
• Subjects: Regulation

Performance comparison of R1234yf and R134a

A study published in Applied Thermal Engineering compares the performance of HFC-134a and HFO-1234yf as drop-in alternative in automotive air conditioning systems.

• Publication date : 2017/05/24

Canada: Government intends to prohibit R134a in commercial refrigeration

A Notice of Intent was published by the Canadian Ministry of Environment indicating that the government is considering prohibition of the manufacture and import of high GWP refrigerants, including R134a, R507 series and R404A in certain commercial...

• Publication date : 2015/04/09
• Subjects: Regulation

Transport: Hapag-Lloyd switches from R134a to R513A

The German shipping company Hapag-Lloyd has recently purchased 1,000 containers chilled with R513A.

• Publication date : 2018/02/20

R134a/CO2 cascade for a French ice rink

In the French Alps, the Alpe d’Huez ice rink has recently completely renovation, replacing the former HCFC-22 refrigeration system by an HFC-134a/CO2 cascade system.

• Publication date : 2015/11/04

R22 and R134a emissions double, even triple, in summer

In a recent article published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, B. Xiang et al. present the results of in situ observations of R22 and R134a taken from research aircraft over the Pacific Ocean combined with long-term ground...

• Publication date : 2015/02/19

MAC: EU orders Germany to stop using R134a in new models of vehicles

The European Commission ordered Germany to stop using R134a or to face court action and possible fines.

• Publication date : 2014/10/30

France allows Daimler to continue to use R134a in its MAC systems.

The French Supreme Court has upheld last August’s decision to overturn the MAC (Mobile air conditioning) directive and allows Daimler to continue to use R134a in its car air conditioning systems.

• Publication date : 2014/05/22

Briefs: Middle East - DuPont expresses anger over counterfeit R22 and R134a refrigerants

DuPont has set up a task force to help local authorities deal with refrigerant counterfeits in the Middle East, it claims are potentially harmful. Pascal Faidy, business manager at DuPont Fluorochemical Refrigerants, claims they were dangerous for...

• Publication date : 2009/12/09

US: R134a, R410A and R407C could be banned in chillers from 2025

AHRI and NRDC issue joint letter supporting EPA SNAP proposal to prohibit R134a, R410A and R407C in new chillers from 2025.

• Publication date : 2016/04/06
• Subjects: HFCs alternatives

Mexichem, DuPont and Honeywell announced new HFO-based alternatives for R404A and R134a

M. Cooper, sales manager for Mexichem, revealed in RAC the manufacturer’s offering for stationary refrigeration would be based on its AC5 refrigerant (R444A) which has been undergoing development as a mobile air-conditioning refrigerant....

• Publication date : 2014/01/31

A surprising increase in the emissions of trichlorofluoromethane (R11) since 2012

An article published in Nature underlines the unexpected and persistent increase in global emissions of ozone-depleting R11.

• Publication date : 2018/06/22
• Subjects: Regulation

IIR takes on new EU funded project AGRI-COOL!

The IIR will partner with 13 other establishments on this new research project focused on improving quality of life for African communities and industries.

• Publication date : 2024/04/26

Conference reports: Sydney

The 9th IIR-Gustav Lorentzen Conference on Natural Working Fluids was held in Sydney, Australia, on April 12-14, 2010. Almost 200 participants from 28 countries were able to gain an insight into this increasingly mature technology. The proceedings...

• Publication date : 2011/02/04

Conference reports: Oran

LNG 16, a conference co-organized by the IIR, was held in Oran, Algeria, on April 18-21, 2010. In spite of the volcanic ash cloud that grounded many potential participants, LNG 16 attracted 1800 participants from 58 countries, and 674...

• Publication date : 2011/02/04

Conference reports: Tokyo

ACRA2010, the 5th Asian Conference on Refrigeration and Air Conditioning, was held in Tokyo on June 7-9, 2010. This fifth successful IIR-co-sponsored event in the series attracted 156 attendees from 12 countries. Order the proceedings containing...

• Publication date : 2011/02/04

Upcoming conferences: Boatou

The 4th International Conference on Magnetic Refrigeration at Room Temperature (Thermag IV) is to take place in Baotou, China, on August 23-27, 2010. Register now for this fourth cutting-edge event in the series!

• Publication date : 2011/02/04

Upcoming conferences: Sofia

The 9th IIR Conference on Phase-Change Materials and Slurries for Refrigeration and Air Conditioning will be held on September 29-October 1, 2010 in Sofia, Bulgaria. Check out the draft programme and register now so you make sure you don't miss...

• Publication date : 2011/02/04

Upcoming conferences: Shanghai

The IIR-co-sponsored 9th International Conference on Sustainable Energy Technologies (SET 2010) will take place in Shanghai, China, on August 24-27, 2010. For full details: www.set2010.org

• Publication date : 2011/02/04

Upcoming conferences: Dinan

Pôle Cristal Symposium, an IIR-co-sponsored event, will be held in Dinan, France, on October 7-8, 2010. It will focus on solutions for energy-efficient buildings. For full details:

• Publication date : 2011/02/04

Briefs: Statutory meetings

The IIR's statutory committees met in Paris on June 9-11, 2010. In particular, the committees took decisions regarding IIR publications policy and the new information system and related new IIR services that will be implemented in 2011. The aim is...

• Publication date : 2011/02/04

Briefs: Mr Qiu Zhongyue awarded

Mr Qiu Zhongyue has been awarded the French Refrigeration Association's prestigious Charles Tellier Medal. Mr Qiu has worked at the Chinese Association of Refrigeration for over 30 years and has led many actions designed to enhance international...

• Publication date : 2011/02/04

Briefs: Obituaries

Prof. Josef Ota, member of the International Advisory Board of the International Journal of Refrigeration, of the board of Chalzeni a klimatizace (a Czech journal of refrigeration and air conditioning) and member of Commission B1, Associate...

• Publication date : 2011/02/04

Hydrocarbon refrigerants

Hydrocarbons such as R290 (propane), R600a (isobutane) or R1270 (propene/propylene) are low GWP non-toxic natural refrigerants with excellent thermodynamic properties. They offer an...

• Last update : 2022/06/22
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Hydrocarbons, Containment, refrigerant charge reduction

Nanorefrigerants

Nanorefrigerants are created by adding nanoparticles in suspension to a base refrigerant. They have a thermal conductivity that is 15% to 104% higher than that of the corresponding...

• Last update : 2022/06/17
• Langues : English, French
• Themes : Nanofluids

Environmental impact of the ice cream industry

This summary document describes the environmental impact of ice cream manufacturing, which is mainly due to the energy consumption and refrigerants used.

• Last update : 2022/11/17
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : General information on environment (climate change, ozone depletion…)

Ice cream manufacturing, environmental impact and market data

From a physico-chemical point of view, ice cream is a complex, frozen multiphase mixture. The manufacturing process includes several stages of freezing which are described in this...

• Last update : 2023/06/30
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Ice creams

Liquefied Natural Gas: production process and cold energy recovery

Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is natural gas that has been cooled to about -160 °C and turned into a liquid to facilitate transportation and storage. A typical LNG supply chain...

• Last update : 2023/06/23
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : LNG and LPG