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IIR document

Drop-in replacement in a R134 ejector refrigeration cycle by HFO refrigerants.

• Author(s) : FANG Y., CROQUER S., PONCET S., et al.
• Publication date: 2017/05
• Languages : English
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 77
• Formats : PDF

High pressure rotary compressor CFD analysis: performance comparison of two R-gases (R134[a] and R407C).

• Author(s) : ADHIKARY P., SAHA S., PRAKASH D., et al.
• Publication date: 2018/07/27
• Languages : English
• Source: Proceedings of the International Conference on Emerging Technologies for Sustainable and Intelligent HVAC&R Systems, Kolkata, July 27-28 2018.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Influence of refrigerant solubility and surface geometry on the wetting properties of lubricating oil.

• Author(s) : PIZARRO-RECABARREN R. A., EBEL T. R. V., DESCHAMPS C. J., et al.
• Publication date: 2015/11
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Solubility, Polyolester, Geometry, Lubricant, R134, Expérimentation, Refrigerant
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 59
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Experimental measurement of vapor-liquid equilibrium for 3,3,3-trifluoropropene(R1243zf) + 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane(R134a) at temperatures from 243.150 to 293.150 K.

• Author(s) : YAO X., DING L., ZHAO Y., WANG X., SHEN J., GONG M.
• Publication date: 2020/12
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Measurement, R134, R1243zf, Vapour, Liquid, Equilibrium, Expérimentation, Temperature, Pressure
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 120
• Formats : PDF

Performance comparison of round tubes finned heat exchangers and macro microchannel heat exchangers in a low capacity heat pump.

• Author(s) : ZOUGHAIB A., MORTADA S., KHAYAT F., et al.
• Publication date: 2014/07/14
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Frosting, Finned tube, Microchannel, R134, Heat pump, Performance, Expérimentation, Evaporator, Defrosting, Heat exchanger
• Source: 2014 Purdue Conferences. 15th International Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning Conference at Purdue.
• Formats : PDF

An experimentally validated model for microchannel heat exchanger incorporating lubricant effect.

• Author(s) : LI H., HRNJAK P.
• Publication date: 2014/07/14
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Microchannel, Lubricant, Heat transfer, R134, Model, Mixture, Oil, Refrigerant, Heat exchanger, Distribution, Pressure drop
• Source: 2014 Purdue Conferences. 15th International Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning Conference at Purdue.
• Formats : PDF

Análisis exergético-ambiental de un sistema de refrigeración operando con diferentes refrigerantes.

Environmental and exergy analysis of a refrigeration system operating with different refrigerants.

• Author(s) : TORRES GONZALEZ E. V., ARROYO CABANAS F. G., LUGO-LEYTE R., AMBRIZ GARCIA J. J., HERNÁNDEZ S.
• Publication date: 2022/04
• Languages : Spanish
• Keywords : Refrigerating system, Compression system, R134, R404A, R1234yf, Efficiency, Thermodynamic property, Entropy, Exergy, Enthalpy, Irreversibility, Simulation
• Source: XI Congreso Ibérico y IX Congreso Iberoamericano de Ciencias y Técnicas del Frío, CYTEF 2022.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Experimental study on key geometric parameters of an R134A ejector cooling system.

• Author(s) : YAN J., CAI W., CHEN H., et al.
• Publication date: 2016/07
• Languages : English
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 67
• Formats : PDF

Nucleate boiling heat transfer of R134a on cold sprayed CNT–Cu composite coatings.

• Author(s) : PIALAGO E. J. T., KYUNG KWON O., PARK C. W.
• Publication date: 2013/07
• Languages : English
• Source: Applied Thermal Engineering - vol. 56 - n. 1-2

R450a and R513a as low-GWP substitutes of R-134a and R-507a in a medium temperature refrigeration system.

• Author(s) : LLOPIS R., NEBOT-ANDRÉS L., CATALÁN-GIL J., et al.
• Publication date: 2018/06/19
• Languages : English
• Source: CYTEF 2018. IX Congreso Ibérico y VII Congreso Iberoamericano de Ciencias y Técnicas del Frío, Valencia, España, 19-21 junio 2018.
• Formats : PDF

An experimental investigation of flow boiling heat transfer and pressure drop of R134a in a horizontal 2.168 mm tube under hypergravity. 1. Frictional pressure drop.

• Author(s) : XU Y., FANG X., LI G., et al.
• Publication date: 2014/08
• Languages : English
• Source: International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer - vol. 75

IIR document

Characterization of heat transfer in R134a spray cooling.

• Author(s) : LIU J., QIAN Y., SHUANGTAO C., et al.
• Publication date: 2015/08/16
• Languages : English
• Source: Proceedings of the 24th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration: Yokohama, Japan, August 16-22, 2015.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Performance investigation of a pressure pulsation dampener applied in the discharge chamber of a twin screw refrigeration compressor.

• Author(s) : WU X., XING Z., CHEN W., et al.
• Publication date: 2018/01
• Languages : English
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 85
• Formats : PDF

Experimental research on the performance of the diffusion absorption refrigerator with R32/R134a mixed refrigerants.

• Author(s) : ZHENG R., WANG S., WANG Q., et al.
• Publication date: 2017/08/07
• Languages : English
• Source: International sorption heat pump conference, ISHPC 2017, Tokyo august 7-10.

Experimental study of condensation heat transfer of R134a on oil-infused metal foams.

• Author(s) : JIN H., SHEN Y., NI W., et al.
• Publication date: 2018/07/09
• Languages : English
• Source: 2018 Purdue Conferences. 17^th International Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning Conference at Purdue.
• Formats : PDF

Performance comparison of R1234yf and R134a

A study published in Applied Thermal Engineering compares the performance of HFC-134a and HFO-1234yf as drop-in alternative in automotive air conditioning systems.

• Publication date : 2017/05/24

Alternative mixtures for R134a

A NIST study identifies 23 non-flammable or slightly flammable mixtures as R134a alternatives in air conditioning.

• Publication date : 2019/08/29

300 cylinders of counterfeit R134a seized in Hangzhou

US refrigerant manufacturer DuPont has announced the seizure of 300 cylinders of counterfeit R134a in Hangzhou province, China.

• Publication date : 2013/11/13

New R134a alternatives in mobile air conditioning

Two new refrigerant blends are considered as an R134a alternative and "virtually non-flammable".

• Publication date : 2014/12/18

Refrigerant blends may offer alternative to R134a

Research released by SAE provide further evidence that Mexichem Fluor's refrigerant blends AC5 and AC6 could offer EU regulation compliant alternatives to R134a in automotive air conditioning.

• Publication date : 2013/12/20
• Subjects: Regulation

Canada: Government intends to prohibit R134a in commercial refrigeration

A Notice of Intent was published by the Canadian Ministry of Environment indicating that the government is considering prohibition of the manufacture and import of high GWP refrigerants, including R134a, R507 series and R404A in certain commercial...

• Publication date : 2015/04/09
• Subjects: Regulation

Transport: Hapag-Lloyd switches from R134a to R513A

The German shipping company Hapag-Lloyd has recently purchased 1,000 containers chilled with R513A.

• Publication date : 2018/02/20

R134a/CO2 cascade for a French ice rink

In the French Alps, the Alpe d’Huez ice rink has recently completely renovation, replacing the former HCFC-22 refrigeration system by an HFC-134a/CO2 cascade system.

• Publication date : 2015/11/04

R22 and R134a emissions double, even triple, in summer

In a recent article published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, B. Xiang et al. present the results of in situ observations of R22 and R134a taken from research aircraft over the Pacific Ocean combined with long-term ground...

• Publication date : 2015/02/19

MAC: EU orders Germany to stop using R134a in new models of vehicles

The European Commission ordered Germany to stop using R134a or to face court action and possible fines.

• Publication date : 2014/10/30

Briefs: Middle East - DuPont expresses anger over counterfeit R22 and R134a refrigerants

DuPont has set up a task force to help local authorities deal with refrigerant counterfeits in the Middle East, it claims are potentially harmful. Pascal Faidy, business manager at DuPont Fluorochemical Refrigerants, claims they were dangerous for...

• Publication date : 2009/12/09

France allows Daimler to continue to use R134a in its MAC systems.

The French Supreme Court has upheld last August’s decision to overturn the MAC (Mobile air conditioning) directive and allows Daimler to continue to use R134a in its car air conditioning systems.

• Publication date : 2014/05/22

US: R134a, R410A and R407C could be banned in chillers from 2025

AHRI and NRDC issue joint letter supporting EPA SNAP proposal to prohibit R134a, R410A and R407C in new chillers from 2025.

• Publication date : 2016/04/06
• Subjects: HFCs alternatives

Mexichem, DuPont and Honeywell announced new HFO-based alternatives for R404A and R134a

M. Cooper, sales manager for Mexichem, revealed in RAC the manufacturer’s offering for stationary refrigeration would be based on its AC5 refrigerant (R444A) which has been undergoing development as a mobile air-conditioning refrigerant....

• Publication date : 2014/01/31

Daimler decides not to switch to R1234yf

After having examined real-life scenarios conducted using R1234yf, Daimler, the manufacturer of Mercedes-Benz cars, has announced its intention to stick to R134a instead of implementing R1234yf in its automobile air-conditioning systems.

• Publication date : 2012/11/20

News from IIR members: DKV

 New DKV publications:• CD-ROM of Deutschen Kälte-Klima Tagung 2010 in Magdeburg, containing all papers and presentations. Languages: German and English• Special: CD-ROMs from DKV-Tagungen 2002 to 2010 as a...

• Publication date : 2011/05/25

News from IIR members: Star Refrigeration

Star Refrigeration has installed a highly efficient Azanechiller at a Scottish meat processing facility. The central pumped glycol system has a total cooling capacity of 365kW and includes pumps with variable speed drives, six ceiling...

• Publication date : 2011/08/04

IIR member news: Embraco

Embraco, IIR Corporate Member, announced the launch of a new oil-less linear compressor design for domestic refrigeration.

• Publication date : 2014/04/27

IIR member news: Star Refrigeration

After a year’s research project into low GWP cooling, Star Refrigeration proposes a new chiller using R1234ze.

• Publication date : 2014/02/03

The Mostra Convegno exhibition

In March 2018 the IIR participated in one of the biggest exhibitions on refrigeration technologies, Mostra Convegno, which took place, as always, in Milan.

• Publication date : 2018/04/19

Pôle Cristal Symposium

Pôle Cristal Symposium will take place in Dinan, France, on October 7-8, 2010. More

• Publication date : 2010/10/01

News from IIR members: Danfoss

Danfoss was chosen by Sainsbury’s and Netto to facilitate the conversion of their stores to CO2 as part of their ambition to drastically reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Danfoss has 10 years’ experience in the...

• Publication date : 2011/08/04

Member news: Koura introduces new refrigerant for air conditioning

Refrigerant manufacturer Koura recently introduced R468C, a refrigerant that could replace R410A in air conditioning systems.  

• Publication date : 2022/10/27
• Subjects: HFCs alternatives

Nanorefrigerants

Nanorefrigerants are created by adding nanoparticles in suspension to a base refrigerant. They have a thermal conductivity that is 15% to 104% higher than that of the corresponding...

• Last update : 2022/06/17
• Langues : English, French
• Themes : Nanofluids

Environmental impact of the ice cream industry

This summary document describes the environmental impact of ice cream manufacturing, which is mainly due to the energy consumption and refrigerants used.

• Last update : 2022/11/17
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : General information on environment (climate change, ozone depletion…)

Global warming potential (GWP) of HFC refrigerants

Using the latest updated data from UNEP’s RTOC 2022 report, we have compiled the 100-year GWP and 20-year GWP values of hydrofluorocarbon-based (HFC) refrigerants. Our table includes...

• Last update : 2023/09/15
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : HFCs

Ice cream manufacturing, environmental impact and market data

From a physico-chemical point of view, ice cream is a complex, frozen multiphase mixture. The manufacturing process includes several stages of freezing which are described in this...

• Last update : 2023/06/30
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Ice creams

Hydrocarbon refrigerants

Hydrocarbons such as R290 (propane), R600a (isobutane) or R1270 (propene/propylene) are low GWP non-toxic natural refrigerants with excellent thermodynamic properties. They offer an...

• Last update : 2022/06/22
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Hydrocarbons, Containment, refrigerant charge reduction

Cryogenic nitrogen in the food and beverage industry

The adoption of cryogenic processes in the food and beverage industry is predominantly driven by liquid nitrogen (LIN), and it is the preferred candidate for food chilling and...

• Last update : 2023/06/09
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Freezing of foodstuffs

Additive manufacturing of regenerators for caloric cooling

In many areas of engineering, additive manufacturing allows the production of complex and multifunctional products that could not be manufactured using traditional methods. In the...

• Last update : 2022/09/16
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Caloric cooling (magnetocaloric, electrocaloric, elastocaloric and barocaloric cooling)