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Détection de fuite : étude sur les moyens de détection de fuite des installations et de réfrigération de climatisation.

Leakage detection: investigation on means of leakage detection in refrigeration and air conditioning facilities.

• Author(s) : Armines, BARRAULT S., FAYOLLE F., PINEL K., et al.
• Publication date: 2017/02
• Languages : French
• Keywords : Expert system, Expérimentation, Detection, Leakage, Refrigerant

IIR document

A VRF charge fault diagnosis method based on expert modification C5.0 decision tree.

• Author(s) : YU F., LI G., CHEN H., et al.
• Publication date: 2018/08
• Languages : English
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 92
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Data and knowledge fusion-driven Bayesian networks for interpretable fault diagnosis of HVAC systems.

• Author(s) : WU D., YANG H., XU K., MENG X., YIN S., ZHU C., JIN X.
• Publication date: 2024/05
• Languages : English
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 161
• Formats : PDF

Integrated Value Engineering and Life Cycle Cost Modeling for HVAC System Selection.

• Author(s) : AL-GHAMDI M. A., AL-GAHTANI K. S.
• Publication date: 2022/02
• Languages : English
• Source: Sustainability - vol. 14 - n. 4
• Formats : PDF

A comparative analysis of air distribution methods in air conditioning systems.

• Author(s) : GABOR B., MUNCAN V., ANDELKOVIC A., et al.
• Publication date: 2017/12/06
• Languages : English
• Source: 48^th International HVAC&R Congress and Exhibition.
• Formats : PDF, PowerPoint

Recommended by the IIR / IIR document

CO₂ as a Refrigerant. (Digital or Paper version)

• Author(s) : PEARSON A. B.
• Publication date: 2014/11
• Languages : English
• Formats : Hard copy, PDF

Analysis of design solutions for overpressure systems in accordance with EN 12101-6.

• Author(s) : POLICHNOWSKI R.
• Publication date: 2022/02
• Languages : English
• Source: REHVA Journal - vol. 59 - n. 1
• Formats : PDF

Recommended by the IIR / IIR document

6^th IIR Conference on Thermophysical Properties and Transfer Processes of Refrigerants

• Publication date: 2021/09/01
• Languages : English
• Formats : PDF

A probabilistic framework to diagnose faults of air handling units.

• Author(s) : DEY D., DONG B., LI Z.
• Publication date: 2016/07/11
• Languages : English
• Source: 2016 Purdue Conferences. 4^th International High Performance Buildings Conference at Purdue.
• Formats : PDF

Recommended by the IIR / IIR document

5^th IIR Conference on Thermophysical Properties and Transfer Processes of Refrigerants.

• Organiser : IIF-IIR
• Publication date: 2017/04
• Languages : English
• Formats : PDF

Vzduchotechnika v jaderných elektrárnách. 1.

Ventilation systems in nuclear power plants. 1.

• Author(s) : KAHLE R.
• Publication date: 2015/06
• Languages : Czech
• Source: Vytápení Vetrání Instalace - vol. 24 - n. 3
• Formats : PDF

Recommended by the IIR / IIR document

Assessment of key risk factors in the cold chain logistics operations of container carriers using best worst method.

• Author(s) : DING J. F., WENG J. H., CHOU C. C.
• Publication date: 2023/09
• Languages : English
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 153
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Trends in industrial heat pump technology in Japan.

• Author(s) : WATANABE C., UCHIYAMA Y., HIRANO S., et al.
• Publication date: 2015/08/16
• Languages : English
• Source: Proceedings of the 24th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration: Yokohama, Japan, August 16-22, 2015.
• Formats : PDF

Retrofitting HVAC & R systems: a way forward in greening building.

• Author(s) : MAJUMDAR S. B., CHOUDHURY B. K.
• Publication date: 2018/07/27
• Languages : English
• Source: Proceedings of the International Conference on Emerging Technologies for Sustainable and Intelligent HVAC&R Systems, Kolkata, July 27-28 2018.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Fault diagnosis of a vapor compression refrigeration system with hermetic reciprocating compressor based on p-h diagram.

• Author(s) : KOCYIGIT N., BULGURCU H., LIN C. X.
• Publication date: 2014/09
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Refrigerating system, Mechanical vapour compression, Diagram, Anomaly, Hermetic compressor, Reciprocating compressor
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 45
• Formats : PDF

Experimental Study on Automotive Cooling and Heating Air Conditioning System Using CO2 as a Refrigerant

This paper was presented at the IIR Gustav Lorentzen Conference in Glasgow (Sep. 2004). It presents an experimental study on automotive cooling and heating air conditioning systems using CO2 as refrigerant. Recently, as one of the countermeasures...

• Publication date : 2004/11/24

France: A study on leak detection systems

A study focuses on two ways to detect refrigerant leaks: gas detectors and expert systems.

• Publication date : 2017/04/19
• Subjects: Regulation

Road to COP28. Energy efficiency and recovery of refrigerants

“Sustainability must refer to energy efficiency and circularity”, says Dr Laura Fedele, IIR expert. 

• Publication date : 2023/04/26
• Subjects: General information, Technology

Road to COP28. Achieving sustainable cold chains in low-to-middle-income countries

Successful implementation requires clear government strategy, financial support, close engagement with local communities and users, trainings for efficient use and maintenance, and...

• Publication date : 2023/06/27
• Subjects: Technology, Developing country

Applications of Artificial Intelligence to refrigeration systems

AI techniques, which are currently very topical, are the subject of intense research and development. Overview of their applications and benefits in the refrigeration sector, based on the latest articles...

• Publication date : 2023/04/26
• Subjects: Technology

Road to COP28: Energy efficiency, the key to sustainable cooling in Africa

According to Francis Sempore, director of ECREEE, energy efficiency is a key sustainability issue that needs to be promoted, funded and supported through the implementation of...

• Publication date : 2023/09/25
• Subjects: Developing country

IIR 2023 conference in Ohrid: focus on CO2 heat pumps

As demonstrated at the last IIR conference in Ohrid , heat pumps are a potential development area for the use of CO2, in particular for the thermal management of electric vehicles. 

• Publication date : 2023/05/26
• Subjects: Technology

BESA releases new guidelines for safe use of R290 propane in heating and cooling systems

BESA's latest technical guidance outlines safety practices and technical considerations for using R290 (propane) in RACHP systems. 

• Publication date : 2024/08/01
• Subjects: HFCs alternatives

ICCC2020 highlights: Benefits of IoT technologies for cold chain management

Internet of Things and cloud services are promising solutions for smart management and maintenance of the multiple cold rooms of supermarket chains.

• Publication date : 2020/10/22

EU F-gas Consultation Forum: alternatives to fluorinated gases exist for single-split air conditioners

A document published by this forum underlines that it now seems possible to avoid the use of fluorinated gases in new small single split air conditioners by replacing them with propane, unless prohibition...

• Publication date : 2021/01/26
• Subjects: HFCs alternatives

Road to COP28. Extending the temperature range and application for heat pumps

To promote decarbonation, “high temperature heat pumps should be designed using waste heat and renewables as a driving energy, and environmentally friendly working fluids”, according...

• Publication date : 2023/05/30
• Subjects: Technology

How to improve the energy efficiency of cold stores in India

A report commissioned by the World Bank Group presents energy efficiency measures for the design of post-harvest and cold storage warehouses in India. 

• Publication date : 2022/07/08
• Subjects: Figures, economy, Developing country

Actions at European level to combat the illegal trade of HFCs

Various actions to tackle illegal imports of HFCs in the European Union are progressively being implemented: raising awareness of policy makers, good practice guidelines and a “single window” at the disposal of customs in particular.

• Publication date : 2019/10/30
• Subjects: HFCs alternatives

IIR GL2020 conference: Range of CO2 applications

Almost half of the presentations at the IIR Gustav Lorentzen conference in Kyoto focused on CO2, in commercial refrigeration systems but also in many other applications. Overview of these...

• Publication date : 2021/01/26
• Subjects: HFCs alternatives

Latest news about regulation in Europe

The European “F-gas” Regulation and the EN 378 standard are currently being revised at European level. Latest news on these two flagship texts. 

• Publication date : 2022/03/29

Spotlight on Commission B2: at the forefront of refrigerating equipment

Coordinated by the IIR Science and Technology Council, Commission B2 focuses on promoting knowledge of refrigerating equipment technologies and their applications worldwide.

• Publication date : 2015/05/15

Working Group on the thermal management systems for electric vehicles

The IIR has decided to set up a working group on this subject. Experts from different countries are invited to join. We need you!

• Publication date : 2024/04/26

Commission E2: at the forefront of heat pumps and energy recovery

Activities of the IIR’s Commission E2 “Heat Pumps, Energy Recovery”

• Publication date : 2015/07/01

Hot off the press: Handbook on Indirect Refrigeration and Heat Pump Systems

Be the first to read the newly published IIR Handbook on Indirect Refrigeration and Heat Pump Systems.

• Publication date : 2015/08/05

March 2023: An active communication and awareness campaign for INDEE+

March 2023 was marked by a series of communication events for INDEE+, gathering all project partners and key Indian HVAC&R stakeholders in India.

• Publication date : 2023/04/26
• Subjects: Developing country

New president of IIR Commission C2 on food science and engineering

The IIR is proud to announce the appointment of Judith Evans, Professor at London South Bank University, as the new president of IIR Commission C2 on food science and engineering.

• Publication date : 2016/07/06

Registration is now open! 12th International Conference on Compressors and their Systems

Book your seat at the well-established 12th International Conference on Compressors and their Systems to take place on September 6-8, 2021.

• Publication date : 2021/07/06
• Subjects: Technology

ICR2015: A stimulating environment for dynamic exchanges

With a focus on improving standards and the quality of life of many worldwide, as well as emphasising the importance of preserving the earth through the advancement of refrigeration applications and technology, ICR2015 is expected to attract a...

• Publication date : 2015/04/08

INDEE+ at 23rd India International Seafood Show (2023), Kolkata, India

In February 2023, INDEE+ successfully participated to the 23rd India International Seafood Show (2023) in Kolkata. The project was jointly promoted in a technical session and at a dedicated booth.

• Publication date : 2023/03/28

Add the latest refrigeration publications to your bookshelf!

Check out the latest IIR publications including CO2 as a Refrigerant, Handbook on Indirect Refrigeration and Heat Pump Systems and the 1st IIR International Conference of Cryogenics and Refrigeration Technology (ICCRT 2016).

• Publication date : 2016/09/06

Focus on Commission B1 : Leading the way in thermodynamics and transfer processes

The objectives of Commission B1 on Thermodynamics and Transfer Processes are to provide academic and industrial information and data, and to propose any solutions on thermodynamics and transfer processes.

• Publication date : 2016/04/20

Refrigeration Safety Working Group Congress meeting

Refrigeration Safety Working Group Congress meeting ICR 2019 offers opportunities for industry experts to meet and discuss improvements in refrigeration safety. With the upcoming...

• Publication date : 2019/08/07

Discover the new IIR Science and Technology Council

With 8 newly elected presidents and vice-presidents, 3 reassignments and 5 reappointments, this new Science and Technology Council (STC), mandated from 2015 to 2019, is set to bring forth fresh ideas and novel change.

• Publication date : 2016/02/10

EPTA S.P.A. continues to grow in Germany with the acquisition of heifo refrigeration activities

The European expansion of one of the leading companies in commercial refrigeration continues with an increasingly capillary service for its customers in the north of Germany.

• Publication date : 2023/10/02
• Subjects: Technology

1st IIR-UNEP Joint Experts’ Round-Table on Cold Chain Management in Hot Climates

In collaboration with the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), the IIR is proud to announce the 1st IIR-UNEP Joint Experts’ Round-Table on Cold Chain Management in Hot Climates.

• Publication date : 2016/01/20

Ice cream manufacturing, environmental impact and market data

From a physico-chemical point of view, ice cream is a complex, frozen multiphase mixture. The manufacturing process includes several stages of freezing which are described in this...

• Last update : 2023/06/30
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Ice creams

Nanorefrigerants

Nanorefrigerants are created by adding nanoparticles in suspension to a base refrigerant. They have a thermal conductivity that is 15% to 104% higher than that of the corresponding...

• Last update : 2022/06/17
• Langues : English, French
• Themes : Nanofluids

Hydrocarbon refrigerants

Hydrocarbons such as R290 (propane), R600a (isobutane) or R1270 (propene/propylene) are low GWP non-toxic natural refrigerants with excellent thermodynamic properties. They offer an...

• Last update : 2022/06/22
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Hydrocarbons, Containment, refrigerant charge reduction

Additive manufacturing of regenerators for caloric cooling

In many areas of engineering, additive manufacturing allows the production of complex and multifunctional products that could not be manufactured using traditional methods. In the...

• Last update : 2022/09/16
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Caloric cooling (magnetocaloric, electrocaloric, elastocaloric and barocaloric cooling)

Additive manufacturing of heat exchangers

In the refrigeration industry, additive manufacturing (colloquially referred to as “3D printing”) makes it possible to fabricate novel, complex and potentially more energy efficient...

• Last update : 2022/09/07
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Evaporators, condensers and other heat exchangers

Global warming potential (GWP) of HFC refrigerants

Using the latest updated data from UNEP’s RTOC 2022 report, we have compiled the 100-year GWP and 20-year GWP values of hydrofluorocarbon-based (HFC) refrigerants. Our table includes...

• Last update : 2023/09/15
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : HFCs