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IIR document
Modeling and experimental investigation of oil retention in pipelines of multi-split air conditioning system.
A review of ductless mini split HVAC system.
Component-based, gray-box modeling of ductless multi-split heat pump systems.
Performance testing of a unitary split-system heat pump with an energy recovery expansion device.
Experimental study on whistling noise behavior in electronic expansion valve of multi-split air conditioning system.
Multi variable extremum seeking control for mini split air conditioning system.
A prediction method for overall economic value of fault detection and diagnostic tools for rooftop and split systems.
Recommended by the IIR
Using machine learning for feature selection in automated fault detection and diagnosis of split system air conditioners.
Performance analysis of multi-split variable refrigerant flow (VRF) system with vapor-injection in cold season.
Novel integration of latent heat storage in multi-split air conditioning system.
Indoor unit fault detector for a multi-split VRF system in heating mode.
A study on a new performance rating approach for a multi split (VRF) air conditioning system.
A general simulation model for variable refrigerant flow multi-split air conditioning system based on graph theory.
Experimental investigation of R454C as a replacement for R410A in a residential heat pump split system.
Variable pressure differential fuzzy control method for the multi-split backplane cooling system in data center.
Refrigeration sector monitoring
34 results
Propane, a promising alternative refrigerant in split systems
A study published over the summer shows that the use of propane in all split air conditioning systems could prevent a global temperature increase of 0.09°C by the end of the century.
Air conditioning: towards a relaxation of the rules for the use of flammable refrigerants
While the European Commission is paving the way for the use of flammable refrigerants as an alternative for split systems, the current revision of the international standard IEC 60335-2-40 should allow higher...
EU F-gas Consultation Forum: alternatives to fluorinated gases exist for single-split air conditioners
A document published by this forum underlines that it now seems possible to avoid the use of fluorinated gases in new small single split air conditioners by replacing them with propane, unless prohibition...
Midea launches R290 split ACs on the European market
In autumn 2021, Midea, corporate member of the IIR, began marketing R290 split air-conditioning units in Europe. Further imports are planned for early 2022.
Newly revised efficiency standards for ACs in Brazil and India
Stringent minimum energy performance standards (MEPS) for air-conditioning (AC) equipment contribute to cutting down the energy demand for ACs globally. Setting up and periodically revising energy efficiency...
First propane split air conditioners in India: field results
With a fault rate under 0.5%, the general safety and reliability levels of the systems remain quite high and risk assessments showed negligible risk.
2018: a positive year for the French air-conditioning market
Residential and light commercial split units, as well as VRF systems, registered a strong growth.
Revision of EU F-Gas Regulation sparks debate
The European Parliament’s recent tougher proposals on heat pumps and air conditioners have provoked many reactions.
The Canadian HVAC Market. First quarter 2014
According to the Heating, Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Institute of Canada (information provided by ReportLinker), air-handler sales showed the largest increase in the first quarter of 2014.
World air-conditioning market in 2019
Despite a decline of -0.8% in sales globally, many markets performed well in 2019. Inverter technology and smart air conditioners are steadily gaining ground globally while sales of R32 systems are increasing...
Main figures for the Australian heat pump market
Sales of heat pumps are increasing in Australia, especially for domestic water heating, in replacement of gas appliances in both existing and new buildings.
The Canadian HVAC Market.
According to the Heating, Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Institute of Canada (HRAI), residential air conditioning shipments increased by 3% between the 2nd quarter 2012 and the 2nd quarter 2013.
Propane air conditioners: improving leakage safety
The latest research and developments in leakage safety of R290 air conditioners are presented in several articles recently published in the IJR.
Market assessment and updates of Rwanda’s national cooling strategy
In Rwanda, the purchase of household refrigerators and ACs is increasing with economic growth. As part of the national cooling strategy, the country has launched a public awareness campaign on efficient cooling...
Impact of failures on the performance of refrigeration systems
An Australian study assesses the impact of failures of different refrigeration systems on their performance. Various air conditioning systems, refrigerated display cabinets and walk-in cold rooms were put to the...
IIR news
1 result
Corporate members of the IIR react to the draft revision of the F-Gas (in French)
The AFF, AFCE and Snefcca have communicated their reactions to the draft revision of the F-Gas. Both organisations draw attention to the difficulty of following the recommendations currently...
Encyclopedia of Refrigeration
5 results
Hydrocarbon refrigerants
Hydrocarbons such as R290 (propane), R600a (isobutane) or R1270 (propene/propylene) are low GWP non-toxic natural refrigerants with excellent thermodynamic properties. They offer an...
Liquefied Natural Gas: production process and cold energy recovery
Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is natural gas that has been cooled to about -160 °C and turned into a liquid to facilitate transportation and storage. A typical LNG supply chain...
Ice cream manufacturing, environmental impact and market data
From a physico-chemical point of view, ice cream is a complex, frozen multiphase mixture. The manufacturing process includes several stages of freezing which are described in this...
Environmental impact of the ice cream industry
This summary document describes the environmental impact of ice cream manufacturing, which is mainly due to the energy consumption and refrigerants used.
Additive manufacturing of regenerators for caloric cooling
In many areas of engineering, additive manufacturing allows the production of complex and multifunctional products that could not be manufactured using traditional methods. In the...
