Main menu
Search results
Search in FRIDOC
247 results
Recommended by the IIR / IIR document
Determination of the initial freezing temperature of foods.
IIR document
Effects of freezing temperature and frozen storage on the biochemical and physical properties of Procambarus clarkii/
Effect of different freezing temperatures on the physical, technological, and organoleptic properties of aged semimembranosus muscles from farmed fallow deer (Dama dama).
Freezing times using time derivative of temperature on surface of foods.
Investigation on the relationship between freezing temperature and soy protein denaturation.
The Investigation of Protein Profile and Meat Quality in Bovine Longissimus thoracic Frozen under Different Temperatures by Data-Independent Acquisition (DIA) Strategy.
Viability of Cryptocotyle lingua metacercariae from Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) after exposure to freezing and heating in the temperature range from -80°C to 100°C.
Conductividad térmica del hielo en función de la temperatura, la velocidad de congelación, el gas disuelto y la presencia de campos electromagnéticos.
Ice thermal conductivity depending on the temperature, the freezing rate, the dissolved gas and the presence of magnetic fields.
Is it effective to pre-cool close to the freezing point temperature before freezing?
Impact of the "3°C of Change" initiative on the shelf-life of frozen foods: the role of temperature oscillations during frozen storage.
Verification of simulated drying weight of packaged frozen food with temperature fluctuation during storage.
Operating temperatures of supermarket frozen retail display cabinets.
Quality changes kinetics of apple tissue during frozen storage with temperature fluctuations.predicting the particle-deposited fin efficiency.
FDM for the freezing process of a slab using integral average properties.
Influence of trehalose and alginate oligosaccharides on ice crystal growth and recrystallization in whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) during frozen storage with temperature fluctuations.
Refrigeration sector monitoring
39 results
Simplifying the preservation at very low temperature of tissues used in ophthalmology
Researchers have compared the effects of −28 °C (standard freezer) and −80 °C preservation on human amniotic membrane, which is commonly used in ophthalmic...
China: Cold Chain Logistics Industry Report, 2013
As of late 2012, statistics showed that the gross volume of cold storage in China surged by roughly 20% year-on-year to 85.35 million cubic meters.
Honey is an efficient natural cryoprotectant in fertility preservation
While several review articles point to the need for new, effective and less toxic cryoprotectants, honey has proven to be an effective non-penetrating...
Isochoric freezing could cut down energy use in the global food cold chain
Compared to conventional isobaric freezing, isochoric freezing could significantly improve the quality of frozen food and generate substantial energy savings.
Cryopreservation techniques in reproductive medicine: improving cell survival after warming
A recent literature review presents the technical progress in cryopreservation techniques. The vitrification concept is presented as crucial to ensure cell survival after cryopreservation.
Is super-cooling better than chilling for seafood products?
Super-cooled storage is a novel technique that better preserves the texture and freshness of fish and extends shelf life compared to chilling.
How to conduct temperature mapping for vaccine storage: WHO’s latest 2024 guidelines & tool
As part of its Effective Vaccine Management (EVM) initiative, WHO developed a temperature mapping tool and an accompanying user guide for pharmaceutical cold chain monitoring.
IIR GL2020 conference: Range of CO2 applications
Almost half of the presentations at the IIR Gustav Lorentzen conference in Kyoto focused on CO2, in commercial refrigeration systems but also in many other applications. Overview of these...
A must-read in the IJR: a review of storage temperatures for biological material
To improve storage efficiency, the authors of a review article take stock of storage temperatures for biological material (cells, proteins, DNA, etc).
IIR Position Paper in IJR: Frozen food at −18°C or −15°C? A critical review of subzero storage, quality, and regulation
IIR expert Alain Le-Bail et al. have recently published an article reviewing the current regulations on selected subzero temperature storages and examining the impact of shifting the frozen storage temperature...
Cryochemistry: chemical reactions accelerated by freezing
Surprisingly, some chemical reactions can be accelerated by freezing. The possible applications of studying such cryoreactions include the food and pharmaceutical cold chain, as well...
Cryoextraction techniques for better tasting wine?
A recent study in Spain suggests that freezing white grapes using low temperatures in the winemaking process, produces wines that are more aromatic than wines produced with traditional...
Is an ‘isochoric freezing’ revolution really in the offing?
Comparing isochoric freezing to classical isobaric freezing and new terminology proposal based on the conclusions of a group of IIR experts.
Frozen avocados to meet the booming global “avo craze”
Frozen avocado pieces or products represent a rising market for exporters to guarantee year-round supply of avocados, which is becoming crucial to the food service sector.
1924 – 2024: Celebrating 100 years of the frozen food industry
In 1924, Clarence Birdseye patented the first apparatus for freezing and packaging fish.
IIR news
16 results
Recap of the ENOUGH webinar: Innovative freezing technologies for a more sustainable food chain
On May 22, science and industry experts took part in the ENOUGH Webinar on recent advances in food freezing, exploring various ways to enhance sustainability in thermal processes.
Supercooling and superchilling: A solution to increased shelf life and reduced food waste?
If these technologies were combined with perfusion chilling for meat and fish, then additional benefits such as rapid cooling, low weight loss and novel products could result.
Professional forums on cryo-sciences: Experts and young researchers alike
Although significant progress has been made in cold application in life sciences driven by new solutions in the production, storage and handling of bio-products along the entire production chain all the way up to the end-user, there are still many...
Past events: The IIR around the world, August and September 2024
A look back at the IIR’s latest events during conferences (Gustav Lorentzen, Thermag, Compressors) and during sponsored vents (CHPC).
Uniting 23 countries for cryogenics progress: Highlights from the 2025 IIR Cryogenics Conference
Bringing together 138 participants from 23 countries, the 18th IIR Conference on Cryogenics was a successful event that highlighted the latest advancements in cryogenic technologies and...
Call to action to adopt 5 internationally established refrigeration terms!
All professionals in the field of low-temperature technologies are called and are strongly encouraged to strictly adhere to the internationally established and approved definitions, by the International...
The IIR launches a call to action to adopt 5 internationally established refrigeration terms!
The IIR and the ASHRAE establish new definitions of five keywords in the refrigeration sector
For over a year, a group of experts from the International Institute of Refrigeration (IIR) and the American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) have been working together to establish common definitions of...
Refrigeration for better food and a better future
The IIR celebrates World Food Day 2025 and FAO’s 80th Anniversary by highlighting the importance of refrigeration to maintain food quality, aligned with the event’s theme “Hand-in-Hand for Better Food and a...
ICR2015: A stimulating environment for dynamic exchanges
With a focus on improving standards and the quality of life of many worldwide, as well as emphasising the importance of preserving the earth through the advancement of refrigeration applications and technology, ICR2015 is expected to attract a...
Upcoming cutting-edge IIR events for 2016
IIR conference activities in 2016 show a promising choice of events covering cutting-edge refrigeration themes from refrigerants to energy issues.
Refrigeration and the IIR in the spotlight at COP 28
The Conference of the Parties on Climate Change took place in Dubai (United Arab Emirates) from 30 November to 13 December 2023. For the first time, refrigeration was given special attention. The IIR shared a...
Press release: Strengthening Cold Chains: UNEP and IIR Release Three Technology Briefs and Announce Webinar Series
Nairobi, 3 November 2025 — The International Institute of Refrigeration (IIR) and the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) OzonAction are pleased to announce the release of three new Cold Chain Technology Briefs that address...
Press release: The IIR International Dictionary of Refrigeration is now freely accessible online
Available in 11 languages, the complete version of the International Institute of Refrigeration (IIR) International Dictionary of Refrigeration is now freely accessible online.
Cooling Keeps Food Fresh : Global Campaign Announced for World Refrigeration Day, June 26
Since 2019, June 26 celebrates the World Refrigeration Day. With increasing global stakes at hand over the past years, refrigeration took a leading role at the heart of international...
Encyclopedia of Refrigeration
6 results
Cryogenic nitrogen in the food and beverage industry
The adoption of cryogenic processes in the food and beverage industry is predominantly driven by liquid nitrogen (LIN), and it is the preferred candidate for food chilling and...
Ice cream manufacturing, environmental impact and market data
From a physico-chemical point of view, ice cream is a complex, frozen multiphase mixture. The manufacturing process includes several stages of freezing which are described in this...
Cryogenics in the pharmaceutical industry: drug design and bioavailability improvement
Research activities in the pharmaceutical sector focus primarily on developing novel drug formulations which can elicit the desired response upon being administered to the patient...
Environmental impact of the ice cream industry
This summary document describes the environmental impact of ice cream manufacturing, which is mainly due to the energy consumption and refrigerants used.
Cold storage conditions for fruits and vegetables
Practical recommendations for the cold storage of over 200 cultivars of fruits, vegetables and herbs (storage temperatures, relative humidity, storage time, controlled atmosphere...
Hydrocarbon refrigerants
Hydrocarbons such as R290 (propane), R600a (isobutane) or R1270 (propene/propylene) are low GWP non-toxic natural refrigerants with excellent thermodynamic properties. They offer an...
