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IIR document

Improvement of Brayton refrigeration air cycle for electroplating wastewater treatment.

• Author(s) : LU J., XIA Y., CHENG Q.
• Publication date: 2023/11
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Brayton, Thermodynamic cycle, Air cycle, Modelling, Simulation, Waste water, Solar collector
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 155
• Formats : PDF

Recommended by the IIR / IIR document

Thermodynamic characteristics and order degree of air cycle system.

• Author(s) : YANG H., YANG C.
• Publication date: 2020/10
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Modelling, Thermodynamic property, Air cycle, Expérimentation, Test rig, Aircraft
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 118
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Air cycle feasibility using a novel, single rotor compander for refrigeration and heating.

• Author(s) : FENTON J., SUBERT J., HINCHLIFFE K., BIANCHI G., TASSOU S.
• Publication date: 2020/07/31
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Air cycle, Industrial application, Household application, Cooling capacity, GWP, ODP, COP, Rotor
• Source: IIR Rankine Conference 2020.
• Formats : PDF

Carnot-equivalent air cycle heat pump leveraging isentropic and isothermal compression and expansion principles – a theoretical analysis.

• Author(s) : BACELLAR D., TSITAKA S., RADERMACHER R.
• Publication date: 2022/07/10
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Carnot, Air cycle, Heat pump, COP, Brayton, Thermodynamic cycle
• Source: 2022 Purdue Conferences. 19^th International Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning Conference at Purdue.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Performance simulation and diagnosis of faulty states in air-cycle refrigeration systems in civil aircrafts.

• Author(s) : LI Y., HU H., LEI R.
• Publication date: 2023/12
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Aerospace application, Aircraft, Air cycle, Simulation, Artificial neural network, Detection, Failure, Modelling
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - Vol. 156
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Dynamic simulation model for three-wheel air-cycle refrigeration systems in civil aircrafts.

• Author(s) : LI Y., HU H., SUN H., WU C.
• Publication date: 2023/01
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Aircraft, Air cycle, Simulation, Modelling, Heat exchanger, Mass transfer
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 145
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Using an air cycle heat pump system with a turbocharger to supply heating for full electric vehicles.

• Author(s) : LI S., WANG S., MA Z., et al.
• Publication date: 2017/05
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Electric vehicle, Simulation, Heat pump, Expander, Air cycle, COP, Heating, Compressor
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 77
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Thermodynamic investigation of a centrifugal reverse Brayton cycle for refrigeration in air conditioning filed.

• Author(s) : WANG L., LI H., ZHOU J.
• Publication date: 2023/08
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Brayton, Air cycle, Transcritical cycle, COP, Modelling
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 152
• Formats : PDF

Simulation and optimisation of opened sewage concentration air cycle combined with the heat pump under actual weather conditions.

• Author(s) : ZHANG Y., GUO T. S., WU W. F., LI C. Y., WANG X. L.
• Publication date: 2021/09
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Air cycle, Compressor, Heat exchanger, Modelling, Cost, Performance, Energy consumption, Heat pump, Dehumidification, Waste water, Evaporator, Simulation, Optimization
• Source: 12^th International Conference on Compressors and their Systems
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

A review of reverse Brayton air cycle refrigerators.

• Author(s) : LIU S., MA G., XU S., GONG Y., JIA X., WU G.
• Publication date: 2023/06
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Air cycle, Thermodynamic cycle, Brayton, Reversed cycle, Heat pump, Review, Household application, Commercial application, Industrial application
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 150
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Advanced exergy analysis of a Reverse Brayton cycle using air as working fluid for cryogenic purposes.

• Author(s) : RAMÓN SERRANO J., DOLZ V., GÓMEZ-VILANOVA A., LÓPEZ-CARRILLO J. A.
• Publication date: 2024/03
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Expérimentation, Reversed cycle, Brayton, Test rig, Air cycle, Low GWP, COP, Thermodynamic cycle
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 159
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Thermodynamic investigation of asynchronous open inverse air cycle integrated with compressed air energy storage.

• Author(s) : MILAZZO A., GIANNETTI N., YAMAGUCHI S., SAITO K.
• Publication date: 2020/12/07
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Air cycle, Energy storage, Thermodynamic property, Compressed air, Modelling, Simulation, Compressor
• Source: 14^th IIR-Gustav Lorentzen Conference on Natural Refrigerants (GL2020). Proceedings. Kyoto, Japon, December 7-9^th 2020.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Analysis on the application of air cycle heat pump system with compressed natural gas pressure potential energy recovery for high temperature heating under low ambient temperature conditions.

• Author(s) : ZHAN B., WANG Z., SHAO S., XU Z., YANG Y., LI J., GOU X.
• Publication date: 2023/04/05
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Natural gas, Ambient condition, High temperature, Heating, Heat pump, Air cycle, Expérimentation, Test rig
• Source: 3^rd IIR conference on HFO Refrigerants and low GWP Blends. Shanghai, China.
• Formats : PDF

Exergetic Effects of Cooled Cooling Air Technology on the Turbofan Engine during a Typical Mission.

• Author(s) : ZHUANG L., XU G., DONG B., LIU Q., LI M., WEN J.
• Publication date: 2022/07
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Air cycle, Aircraft, Engine, Modelling, Thermodynamic cycle, Exergy, Simulation
• Source: Energies - vol. 15 - n. 14
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Comparison of mean-line design methods on matching characteristics of three coaxial-impellers in an aircraft environmental control system.

• Author(s) : YANG Y., SHENG C., LUO G., CHEN S., HOU Y., CHEN L.
• Publication date: 2023/01
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Reversed cycle, Brayton, Air cycle, Control (automatic), Aircraft, Simulation, Modelling
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 145
• Formats : PDF

Germany: air-cycle air conditioning systems for high-speed trains

Liebherr provided cold air systems based on an environmentally friendly technology.

• Publication date : 2017/03/27

Refrigerated transport: innovations and challenges for sustainability

Review of the most promising technologies for refrigerated transport: vapour compression systems with natural refrigerants, photovoltaic systems with electrical energy storage,...

• Publication date : 2022/04/29
• Subjects: HFCs alternatives, Technology

Overview of data center cooling technologies

The very huge growth in Internet traffic requires the continued development of new energy-efficient data center cooling technologies, based primarily on liquid...

• Publication date : 2022/12/15
• Subjects: Technology

IIR Rankine Conference 2020: Which alternative working fluids for ORC systems?

HFOs (hydrofluoroolefins), HCFOs (hydrochlorofluoroolefins) and hydrocarbons were the main alternatives to HFC245fa presented during the IIR Rankine Conference 2020.

• Publication date : 2020/09/04
• Subjects: HFCs alternatives

ICR2019: overview of current refrigeration research topics (part III)

Energy storage, desiccant air conditioning, high-temperature heat pumps and ejector technologies were some of the salient topics of the latest IIR Congress. Continuation of the synthesis of key presentations of ICR2019.

• Publication date : 2019/10/30

Solar ejector refrigeration systems: benefits and latest developments

Two IJR articles present the latest advancements in this technology and in particular the advantages of variable geometry ejectors and low-GWP refrigerants in terms of performance.

• Publication date : 2020/06/26
• Subjects: Developing country

An ejector refrigeration system optimised for sub-zero temperatures on fishing vessels

Large amounts of diesel fuel are used to power fishing vessels engines and on-board refrigeration systems. In a recent theoretical study, an energy-efficient sub-zero refrigeration system proposed based on a...

• Publication date : 2021/05/31
• Subjects: Technology

The life cycle of fluorocarbons: case studies

The Climate and Clean Air Coalition has published a guide for policymakers in which  good practices regarding the life cycle of fluorocarbons are discussed. Concrete examples of refrigerant recycling in...

• Publication date : 2022/07/08
• Subjects: HFCs alternatives

Summary of two papers of the 9th International Conference on Compressors and Coolants (ICCC2017)

The IIR 9th International Conference on Compressors and Coolants (ICCC2017), which took place in Bratislava, Slovakia, in September 2017, addressed advances in compressors but also refrigerating technologies and alternative refrigerants, as...

• Publication date : 2018/01/10

R1234yf as a working fluid in Organic Rankine Cycle systems

A recent review article presented the use of HFO R1234yf and its mixtures in Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) systems, namely in applications for waste heat recovery from internal...

• Publication date : 2021/09/07
• Subjects: Technology

Energy efficiency comparison of air-conditioning systems in electric vehicles

A study compares the energy efficiency of conventional refrigeration systems with that of heat pumps in mobile air conditioning. R744, R134a and R1234yf are considered. Reversible heat pumps are found the most energy-efficient systems.

• Publication date : 2019/02/28

Low-cost cold storage in Kenya using evaporative cooling

A team of researchers from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and the University of Nairobi are designing affordable off-grid cold storage units for perishable crops in Kenya, using evaporative...

• Publication date : 2020/11/27

New heat pump life cycle performance assessment tool

The Air-conditioning, Heating and Refrigeration Technology Institute (AHRTI) developed a tool to calculate Life Cycle Climate Performance (LCCP), using Microsoft Excel.

• Publication date : 2012/06/27

Two-phase ejectors: a high potential for energy savings

Two review papers recently published in the IJR highlight ejectors as a promising solution to dramatically improve the efficiency of vapour compression refrigeration systems and outline the challenges that...

• Publication date : 2020/11/27

Recent developments in advanced ejector technology

The objective of this paper published in the International Journal of Refrigeration is to present a review of developments in the use of ejectors focusing on the past several years.

• Publication date : 2016/08/12

Member news: Mirai Intex releases new high capacity ultra-low temperature refrigeration system

Mirai Intex, corporate member of the IIR, has released a new ultra-low temperature (ULT) system based on air-cycle technology, offering high cooling capacity.

• Publication date : 2021/03/09
• Subjects: HFCs alternatives, Technology

Member news: Mirai Intex ultra-low temperature refrigeration system at the ACHEMA trade show in Germany

Mirai Intex, corporate member of the IIR, will present its MC 15 C/W/T closed-cycle refrigeration machine at the ACHEMA trade show in August 2022 in Germany.

• Publication date : 2022/08/16
• Subjects: Technology

IIR Working Group publishes Guidelines for Life Cycle Climate Performance

The Guidelines for Life Cycle Climate Performance (LCCP) provide a harmonised method to calculate the LCCP for all types of stationary air conditioning, heat pumping and refrigeration systems.

• Publication date : 2016/01/27

Member news: latest innovations from Mirai Intex

The company Mirai Intex has just marketed a refrigeration machine using air cycle for low temperatures. Mirai Intex also markets a mobile storage solution. 

• Publication date : 2022/03/29

Technical visit to the Tokyo fish market

At the ICCC conference last June, attendees had the opportunity to participate in technical visits, including a tour of the Tokyo fish market. Alain Le Bail, President of IIR Commission C2, joined the visit and...

• Publication date : 2024/11/15

Discover the 32nd IIR Informatory Note on the “Harmonization of Life Cycle Climate Performance Methodology”

This Informatory Note summarises the LCCP guidelines prepared by the Working Group. It provides recommended assumptions and data sources for different types of units, presents the various existing LCCP tools and outlines usages and limitations of...

• Publication date : 2016/11/09

Heat pumps, the central theme of the recent IIR Congress

An overview of the research carried out in the field of heat pumps, with the aim of achieving greater flexibility and increased energy efficiency, in particular through to the use of thermal energy...

• Publication date : 2023/10/24

Another successful IIR Gustav Lorentzen conference 2016

Dedicated to natural refrigerants, mainly ammonia, carbon dioxide and hydrocarbons, Gustav Lorentzen 2016 was a great success attracting over 270 people and more than 145 papers from leading international researchers and industrialists.

• Publication date : 2016/09/14

Catch up on the IIR Working Group on LCCP evaluation in Chicago

IIR Working Group on Life Cycle Climate Performance (LCCP) evaluation continues to make impressive headway.

• Publication date : 2015/02/11

New publications

The IIR has issued 3 new publications: - the 20th Informatory Note on Refrigerating Technologies Magnetic Refrigeration at Room Temperature, written by P. Egolf - Chairman of the IIR working party dedicated to this technology - and Ronald...

• Publication date : 2007/11/20

Call for abstracts now open! 15th IIR-Gustav Lorentzen Conference on Natural Refrigerants

Prospective authors of papers are encouraged to submit 150-200 word abstracts by September 15, 2021.

• Publication date : 2021/07/08
• Subjects: Technology, Environment

IC2015 Workshops: An opportunity to join, share and build together

ICR2015: A chance to actively participate in the innovation of refrigeration.

• Publication date : 2015/06/17

Commission E2: at the forefront of heat pumps and energy recovery

Activities of the IIR’s Commission E2 “Heat Pumps, Energy Recovery”

• Publication date : 2015/07/01

IIR in Bangkok: Highlights from COP13/MOP36 and the World Cold Chain Symposium

IIR actively participated in the COP13/MOP36 and 2024 World Cold Chain Symposium events organised in Bangkok, Thailand, from 26 October to 1 November, hosting two side events and promoting solutions for...

• Publication date : 2024/11/27
• Subjects: Regulation, Environment

Highlights from COP13/MOP36 – Day 4

Today, at COP13/MOP36 in Bangkok, high-level discussions continued as delegates, scientists, and policy leaders gathered with renewed urgency to protect the ozone layer and address climate...

• Publication date : 2024/10/31

Liquefied Natural Gas: production process and cold energy recovery

Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is natural gas that has been cooled to about -160 °C and turned into a liquid to facilitate transportation and storage. A typical LNG supply chain...

• Last update : 2023/06/23
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : LNG and LPG

Additive manufacturing of regenerators for caloric cooling

In many areas of engineering, additive manufacturing allows the production of complex and multifunctional products that could not be manufactured using traditional methods. In the...

• Last update : 2022/09/16
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Caloric cooling (magnetocaloric, electrocaloric, elastocaloric and barocaloric cooling)

Cryogenic nitrogen in the food and beverage industry

The adoption of cryogenic processes in the food and beverage industry is predominantly driven by liquid nitrogen (LIN), and it is the preferred candidate for food chilling and...

• Last update : 2023/11/07
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Freezing of foodstuffs

Ice cream manufacturing, environmental impact and market data

From a physico-chemical point of view, ice cream is a complex, frozen multiphase mixture. The manufacturing process includes several stages of freezing which are described in this...

• Last update : 2023/06/30
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Ice creams

Environmental impact of the ice cream industry

This summary document describes the environmental impact of ice cream manufacturing, which is mainly due to the energy consumption and refrigerants used.

• Last update : 2022/11/17
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : General information on environment (climate change, ozone depletion…)

Cryogenics in the pharmaceutical industry: drug design and bioavailability improvement

Research activities in the pharmaceutical sector focus primarily on developing novel drug formulations which can elicit the desired response upon being administered to the patient...

• Last update : 2023/03/10
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Freeze-drying in biology and medicine, Cryobiology, cryomedicine: general information

Nanorefrigerants

Nanorefrigerants are created by adding nanoparticles in suspension to a base refrigerant. They have a thermal conductivity that is 15% to 104% higher than that of the corresponding...

• Last update : 2022/06/17
• Langues : English, French
• Themes : Nanofluids