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Optimalizace prototypu mikroklimatizacní jednotky pro systém osobního vetrání CFD simulací.

CFD-simulation based optimization of a micro air-conditioning unit prototype for personalized ventilation system.

• Author(s) : MAZANEC V., KABELE K.
• Publication date: 2017/09
• Languages : Czech
• Keywords : Individual cooling, CFD, Ventilation, Thermoelectricity, Optimization, Peltier effect, Air conditioning
• Source: Vytápení Vetrání Instalace - vol. 26 - n. 4
• Formats : PDF

Desarrollo y validación de una nueva metodología mediante CFD para el calculo de la tasa de evaporación en piscinas cubiertas.

New methodology development and validation by mean of the CFD for the evaporation rate calculation in the closed swimming pools.

• Author(s) : FONCUBIERTA BLÁZQUEZ J. L., RODRÍGUEZ MAESTRE I., GONZÁLEZ GALLERO F. J.
• Publication date: 2016/05/03
• Languages : Spanish
• Keywords : Swimming pool, CFD, Modelling, Evaporation, Energy efficiency, Air conditioning
• Source: CYTEF 2016. VIII Congreso Ibérico y VI Congreso Iberoamericano de las Ciencias y Técnicas del Frío, Coimbra-Portugal, 3-6 mayo, 2016.
• Formats : PDF

Vliv proudení vzduchu pres pruvzdušnou tepelnou izolaci na hodnotu soucinitele prostupu tepla - CFD simulace.

Influence of airflow through air-permeable thermal insulation on the value of heat transfer coefficient - CFD simulation.

• Author(s) : KNY M.
• Publication date: 2017/09
• Languages : Czech
• Keywords : Heat transfer coefficient, CFD, Heat transfer, Tank, Energy storage, Simulation, Insulation
• Source: Vytápení Vetrání Instalace - vol. 26 - n. 4
• Formats : PDF

Recommended by the IIR / IIR document

CFD-based design algorithm for CO2 ejectors.

• Author(s) : RINGSTAD K., BANASIAK K., HAFNER A.
• Publication date: 2021/09/16
• Languages : English
• Keywords : CFD, CO2, R744, Ejector, Design, Modelling
• Source: 9^th IIR Conference on Ammonia and CO₂ Refrigeration Technologies. Proceedings: Ohrid, North Macedonia, 16-17 September, 2021
• Formats : PDF

3D CFD Simulation of a New Ventilated Roof.

• Author(s) : CALATI M., DORETTI L., GATTO C., MANCIN S.
• Publication date: 2021/05/24
• Languages : English
• Keywords : CFD, Simulation, Ventilation, Roof, Passive cooling, Modelling, Summer
• Source: 2021 Purdue Conferences. 6^th International High Performance Buildings Conference at Purdue.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Investigation of CFD models for ammonia ejector design.

• Author(s) : RINGSTAD K., ALLOUCHE Y., HAFNER A.
• Publication date: 2019/04/11
• Languages : English
• Keywords : CFD, Design, R717, Ammonia, Performance, Modelling, Ejector
• Source: 8^th Conference on Ammonia and CO₂ Refrigeration Technology. Proceedings: Ohrid, North Macedonia, Avril 11-13, 2019.
• Formats : PDF

Recommended by the IIR / IIR document

CFD analysis of propane dispersion in an indoor environment.

• Author(s) : RIGHETTI G., CALATI M., LONGO G. A., MANCIN S., ZILIO C.
• Publication date: 2021/09/01
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Propane, R290, Modelling, CFD, Simulation, Leakage
• Source: 6^th IIR Conference on Thermophysical Properties and Transfer Processes of Refrigerants
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Comparative study of R744 ejector CFD models.

• Author(s) : RINGSTAD K., HAFNER A.
• Publication date: 2021/01/13
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Modelling, CO2, R744, Simulation, Equation of state, CFD, Ejector system
• Source: 10^th IIR Conference on Compressors and Refrigerants.
• Formats : PDF

Advances in CFD modelling for data centre optimisation.

• Author(s) : SILKE N., STANNUS W.
• Publication date: 2017/10
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Modelling, Optimization, Cooling, Design, CFD, Data centre, Software
• Source: EcoLibrium - vol. 16 - n. 9
• Formats : PDF

CFD analysis of a twin screw compressor with oil injection.

• Author(s) : WANG J., DING H., RANE S., KOVACEVIC A.
• Publication date: 2021/05
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Screw compressor, Injection, Oil, Distribution, Temperature, CFD, Simulation
• Source: 2021 Purdue Conferences. 25^th International Compressor Engineering Conference at Purdue.
• Formats : PDF

CFD Modeling of Thermoacoustic Energy Conversion: A Review.

• Author(s) : DI MEGLIO A., MASSAROTTI N.
• Publication date: 2022/06
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Thermoacoustics, CFD, Simulation, Modelling, Porous medium, Renewable energy, Flow, Review
• Source: Energies - 15 - 10
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Comparison of ejector predicted performance by thermodynamic and CFD models.

• Author(s) : CROQUER S., PONCET S., GALANIS N.
• Publication date: 2016/08
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Thermodynamics, Comparison, CFD, Prediction, Performance, Ejector
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 68
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

CFD analysis of transient flows in a linear compressor using a 1D-CFD coupled model.

• Author(s) : HWANG I. S., LEE Y. L.
• Publication date: 2018/07
• Languages : English
• Keywords : CFD, Management, Linear compressor, Temperature, Transient state, Superheat, Modelling, Flow
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 91
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

The R744 multi-ejector hybrid CFD and experimentally-based reduced-order model.

• Author(s) : HAIDA M., SMOLKA J., HAFNER A., et al.
• Publication date: 2018/06/18
• Languages : English
• Keywords : CFD, R744, Supermarket, Modelling, Ejector, CO2
• Source: 13^th IIR Gustav Lorentzen Conference on Natural Refrigerants (GL2018). Proceedings. Valencia, Spain, June 18-20th 2018.
• Formats : PDF

CFD simulation of vortex flashing flows in convergent-divergent nozzles.

• Author(s) : ZHU J., ELBEL S.
• Publication date: 2018/07/09
• Languages : English
• Keywords : CFD, Vortex, Vapour, Nozzle, Control (automatic), Simulation, Pressure, Flow rate
• Source: 2018 Purdue Conferences. 17^th International Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning Conference at Purdue.
• Formats : PDF

A blueprint HCFC and CFC phase-out regulation in France

French owners of refrigerating equipmement might have to cease all use of HCFCs before late 2017.

• Publication date : 2012/12/03
• Subjects: Regulation

Do aliens use CFCs?

What if the search for extra-terrestrial life took a new turn? A grant recently awarded to a team of scientists will finance research for "technosignatures", which would include CFCs.

• Publication date : 2020/06/29

HCFC phase-down in Brazil

A few figures from the Brazilian Ministry of Environment.

• Publication date : 2018/04/05
• Subjects: Regulation, Developing country

HCFC phase-down in Morocco

Under the Montreal Protocol, Morocco is reducing its consumption and imports of R22.

• Publication date : 2018/03/30
• Subjects: Developing country

Pakistan confiscates illegal HCFCs

The Pakistan government ordered the confiscation of illegally imported HCFCs, denying import quotas to seven companies this year.

• Publication date : 2014/05/28
• Subjects: Regulation

2015 HCFC consumption in Cuba

The government of Cuba reported a consumption of 13.17 Ozone Depletion Potential (ODP) tonnes of HCFC in 2015.

• Publication date : 2016/12/09

Honeywell CFC destruction plan

Honeywell has begun destroying its inventories of CFCs and CFC blends: the company says it has already destroyed over 12 000 kg of R11.

• Publication date : 2012/06/21

China announces HCFC shutdown

China has announced closure of five HCFC refrigeration production lines, nearly 16% of total production, by 2015.

• Publication date : 2014/11/11

China announces HCFC shutdown

China has announced it will close five of its HCFC refrigeration production lines, nearly 16% of total production, by 2015.

• Publication date : 2014/10/10

CFC banks release larger emissions than expected

The leaks of CFC11 and CFC12 stored up in banks, if left unchecked, would delay the recovery of the Antarctic ozone hole by 6 years and add 9 billion metric tons of CO2eq to the...

• Publication date : 2020/05/27
• Subjects: Developing country, Environment

New HCFC phase-out guides by UNEP

UNEP has produced two guides to assist developing countries in their phase-out of HCFC.

• Publication date : 2015/04/23
• Subjects: Regulation

China: a direct leap from HCFCs to natural refrigerants?

Released for public consultation in June 2015 by China’s Ministry of Environmental Protection, the First Catalogue of Recommended Substitutes for HCFCs lists 12 substitutes for HCFC refrigerants, foaming agents and detergents, ten of which are...

• Publication date : 2015/11/11

Illegal production and use of CFC-11 in China

A report published by the EIA reveals that some Chinese companies still use CFC-11 in the foam blowing industry.

• Publication date : 2018/08/23
• Subjects: Regulation

HCFC consumption and production in developing countries

Recent data on the HCFC production and consumption of developing countries were submitted to the Committee of the Multilateral Fund for the Implementation of the Montreal Protocol.

• Publication date : 2018/03/27
• Subjects: Developing country

HCFC phase-out is moving forward

China launched in December 2011 the HCFC Phase-Out Management Plan (HPMP), a USD 270 million project for complete phase-out of use of HCFCs by January 2015.

• Publication date : 2012/07/26
• Subjects: Regulation

Australia: enhanced links

The IIR has signed a partnership agreement with AIRAH (Australian Institute of Refrigeration, Air conditioning & Heating): www.airah.org.au The aim is to "enhance the technical standing of...

• Publication date : 2005/06/14

International events: HCFCs

A national conference on HCFCs took place in Algiers, Algeria, on March 18, 2008, organized by Mr Ahmed Chikouche, Delegate of Algeria to the IIR, in order to raise the awareness of decision-makers and to discuss HCFC replacement solutions in...

• Publication date : 2008/05/13

Obituary: Robert Heap

The IIR would like to express its sincere condolences to the family and relatives of Robert Heap, who died on March 11, 2014, at the age of 72.

• Publication date : 2014/04/30

Obituary: Prof Ezio Fornasieri

The IIR would like to express its sincere condolences to the family and relatives of Prof Ezio Fornasieri, who died in November 2013 at the age of 70.

• Publication date : 2013/11/26

Three educational and awareness-raising events within the framework of INDEE+ project in 2021

For the INDEE+ project, the end of the year 2021 was marked by several educational events aiming to raise awareness of the application of clean cooling systems offered by the CO2/R744 refrigeration...

• Publication date : 2022/01/28

Paris Agreement adopted during COP21: an accepted common framework for all nations

The Paris Agreement which was adopted during the Conference of Parties (COP21) on climate change is of the utmost importance.

• Publication date : 2015/12/29

Supercooling and superchilling: A solution to increased shelf life and reduced food waste?

If these technologies were combined with perfusion chilling for meat and fish, then additional benefits such as rapid cooling, low weight loss and novel products could result.

• Publication date : 2015/10/27

Cooling Keeps Food Fresh : Global Campaign Announced for World Refrigeration Day, June 26

Since 2019, June 26 celebrates the World Refrigeration Day. With increasing global stakes at hand over the past years, refrigeration took a leading role at the heart of international...

• Publication date : 2022/05/25
• Subjects: Environment

24th Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change in Poland

The 24th Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change was held in Katowice, Poland, on December 3-14. Didier Coulomb, director of the IIR, made a statement.

• Publication date : 2018/12/27
• Subjects: Regulation, Environment

Press release : International Institute of Refrigeration launches new International Journal of Refrigeration online service

As of January 2017, not only will members of the International Institute of Refrigeration (IIR) continue to receive the hard copy of the International Journal of Refrigeration (IJR) but IIR membership will now also give members access to the...

• Publication date : 2017/01/11

Past events: September and October 2021

Focus on the latest events involving the IIR. 

• Publication date : 2021/10/25

City, University of London organises its 11th Conference on Compressors

Organized biennially by City, University of London, the 11th International Conference on Compressors and their Systems took place on September 9-11, 2019.

• Publication date : 2019/09/30

Highlights: 10th IIR Conference on Compressors and Refrigerants

Catch up on the best moments of the IIR Conference on Compressors 2021, which took place online on January 13, 2021: A key meeting place for specialists in compressor technology!

• Publication date : 2021/01/25
• Subjects: Technology

The IIR participated in the South African Road Show

The Department of Environmental affairs of the Republic of South Africa (DEA), in collaboration with UNIDO, organised a Road Show in South Africa on June 11-22, 2018.

• Publication date : 2018/08/08
• Subjects: Developing country, Regulation, HFCs alternatives

Submit your abstracts to the 3rd IIR Conference on HFO Refrigerants and Low GWP Blends

To be organised by the Chinese Association of Refrigeration (CAR), the call for abstracts for the 2023 IIR Conference on HFOs has now been launched. Submit...

• Publication date : 2022/04/25
• Subjects: Technology, HFCs alternatives, Environment

Additive manufacturing of heat exchangers

In the refrigeration industry, additive manufacturing (colloquially referred to as “3D printing”) makes it possible to fabricate novel, complex and potentially more energy efficient...

• Last update : 2022/09/07
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Evaporators, condensers and other heat exchangers

Thermophysical properties of HFO refrigerants

Thermophysical properties of over 50 HFO refrigerants, including single-component and blends.

• Last update : 2022/06/17
• Langues : English
• Themes : Blends, HFO et HCFO

Thermophysical properties of HFC refrigerants

Thermophysical properties of over 100 HFC refrigerants, including single-component and blends.

• Last update : 2022/06/17
• Langues : English
• Themes : HFCs, Blends, HFO et HCFO

Cryogenics in the pharmaceutical industry: drug design and bioavailability improvement

Research activities in the pharmaceutical sector focus primarily on developing novel drug formulations which can elicit the desired response upon being administered to the patient...

• Last update : 2023/03/10
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Freeze-drying in biology and medicine, Cryobiology, cryomedicine: general information

Liquefied Natural Gas: production process and cold energy recovery

Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is natural gas that has been cooled to about -160 °C and turned into a liquid to facilitate transportation and storage. A typical LNG supply chain...

• Last update : 2022/06/20
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : LNG and LPG

Hydrocarbon refrigerants

Hydrocarbons such as R290 (propane), R600a (isobutane) or R1270 (propene/propylene) are low GWP non-toxic natural refrigerants with excellent thermodynamic properties. They offer an...

• Last update : 2022/06/22
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Hydrocarbons, Containment, refrigerant charge reduction

Nanorefrigerants

Nanorefrigerants are created by adding nanoparticles in suspension to a base refrigerant. They have a thermal conductivity that is 15% to 104% higher than that of the corresponding...

• Last update : 2022/06/17
• Langues : English, French
• Themes : Nanofluids

Cold storage conditions for fruits and vegetables

Practical recommendations for the cold storage of over 200 cultivars of fruits, vegetables and herbs (storage temperatures, relative humidity, storage time, controlled atmosphere...

• Last update : 2023/01/16
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Fruit, Vegetables

Global HFC emissions from the refrigeration sector

This table shows HFC emissions from the refrigeration sector – including air conditioning – in million tonnes of CO2 equivalent for about 40 countries that are signatories...

• Last update : 2022/01/20
• Langues : English
• Themes : General information on environment (climate change, ozone depletion…)