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IIR document
A computational study for characterizing cavitating flow in hydrofoils operating at cryogenic conditions.
Cavitation effects and heat transfer of saturated water-lubricated journal bearings for a turbo machine.
Experimental study on hydraulic performance and cavitation characteristics of a R134a refrigerant self-lubricating centrifugal pump.
Analysis of lubricity and cavitation problem of oil and refrigerant mixture for hermetic compressors.
Numerical analysis on cavitation of LNG in micro clearance of self-lubricated journal bearing.
Reducing the noise from the cavity by tuning the compressor’s oil level.
Thermal and hydraulic performance of natural convection in a rectangular storage cavity.
Application and challenge of high-speed pumps with low-temperature thermosensitive fluids.
Two-phase lubrication characteristics of journal bearing in refrigerant-oil system under high-pressure environment considering gaseous cavitation.
Effect of concentration on R134a/Al2O3 nanolubricant mixture boiling on a reentrant cavity surface.
Experimental and numerical study on characteristics of super-linear mass flow rate and asymmetric cavitation in novel rotary-baffle curved-channel electronic expansion valve for refrigerator.
The Gersemi vertical cryostat at FREIA.
Recommended by the IIR / IIR document
The first tests on the vertical cryostat Gersemi with the liquid insert at FREIA laboratory.
Characterization of oil droplets in the upper cavity of a rotary compressor.
Pool boiling of HFO-1336mzz(Z) on a reentrant cavity surface.
Refrigeration sector monitoring
283 results
A new cooling technique for superconducting cavities of particle accelerators
A team of researchers is developing a new method to cool the superconducting cavities of particle accelerators, which could make them more compact.
Optical cavity cooling: a quantic leap for optical refrigeration?
A team of researchers at the Niels Bohr Institute have combined laser cooling technology with nano-physics, and have discovered a revolutionary way of bringing a semi-conductor nano-membrane’s temperature down to -269°C.
Top world energy efficiency rankings.
Germany continues to lead the world in energy efficiency, Italy and Japan follow.
Worldwide adoption of MEPS on the rise
Over 100 countries now use mandatory minimum energy efficiency performance standards or energy labels for the most common appliances, according to the IEA Energy Efficiency 2022...
How to improve the energy efficiency of cold stores in India
A report commissioned by the World Bank Group presents energy efficiency measures for the design of post-harvest and cold storage warehouses in India.
Energy efficiency, key to achieving net zero emissions
At the 8th IEA World Conference on Energy Efficiency, 45 countries pledged to increase their efforts in energy efficiency, a pillar of the global energy transition towards net zero emissions by...
Defining energy efficiency indicators for refrigerated shipping vessels
A working group from the International Maritime Organisation (IMO) has proposed new energy efficiency indicators for ships. Shipping companies challenge their...
Maritime transport: Improving the energy efficiency of refrigeration systems
According to a study presented at the latest IIR Compressors Conference, energy audits, system retrofitting, and the adoption of new technologies could help improve the energy efficiency of refrigeration systems...
The most ambitious energy efficiency standards compared
The CLASP compared MEPS requirements across ten of the world’s most carbon-intensive economies.
Road to COP28. Energy efficiency and recovery of refrigerants
“Sustainability must refer to energy efficiency and circularity”, says Dr Laura Fedele, IIR expert.
Impact of ageing on the energy efficiency of refrigerating household appliances
A recent study shows an average increase in energy consumption of 11% after 2 years of operation and 27% after 16 years for these appliances. Ageing wall insulation and door gasket contribute to this...
United States: more stringent energy efficiency standards for refrigerators
The US Department of Energy imposes targets for reducing the energy consumption of refrigerators and freezers by 10 to 15% by 2029-2030
Efficiency of ground source heat pump systems
Ground source heat pumps (GHSP) have been reported to be more efficient than more widespread air source heat pumps despite higher installation costs. A recent article has reviewed parameters impacting the energy...
Heat pump efficiency at low temperatures
A study based on field data shows that heat pumps had significantly higher energy efficiency than oil or gas heating systems, particularly for outdoor temperatures above -10°C.
Road to COP28: Energy efficiency, the key to sustainable cooling in Africa
According to Francis Sempore, director of ECREEE, energy efficiency is a key sustainability issue that needs to be promoted, funded and supported through the implementation of...
IIR news
169 results
Enhancing dairy sector efficiency through BETTED training
In December 2024, the IIR, Cemafroid, and other partners participated in the pilot training webinar hosted by BETTED, a key milestone in the project’s mission to promote energy...
Energy efficiency on the agenda for discussion during Montreal Protocol meetings in Vienna
Focus on the fruitful workshop on "the energy efficiency opportunities while phasing down hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs)", which preceded the 40th meeting of the Open-ended Working Group (OEWG40) of the Parties to the Montreal Protocol on Substances...
IIR actively involved in the French-speaking African edition of the Twinning Workshops for Montreal Protocol officers, energy policymakers and finance officials
Officials from 21 French-speaking African countries gathered in Tunis for the third Twinning Workshops, focusing on sustainable refrigeration and energy efficiency. Souhir Hammami and Marco Duran from the...
Discover BETTED’s new e-learning platform
The e-learning platform developed by the BETTED Team is now available and ready for use. It is dedicated to interested professionals from both participating and non-participating countries, as well as those...
OEWG-47 Side Event Highlights Urgent Need for Sustainable Cooling in Data Centres
The Climate and Clean Air Coalition (CCAC) and the International Institute of Refrigeration (IIR), with support from UNEP United for Efficiency (U4E), brought together experts, policymakers, and industry leaders...
International Institute of Refrigeration (IIR) releases new technical brief: “The role of refrigeration in the global economy (3rd edition)”
This comprehensive report highlights the critical importance of refrigeration in addressing global challenges related to food security, healthcare, energy efficiency, and climate change.
IIR member news: Angelantoni Group
“COLD ENERGY” is an innovative solution to improve energy efficiency both for old and new compression refrigeration systems by transferring a highly efficient automotive technology to enhance energy recovery of heat exchangers.
BETTED: a new IIR EU funded project
This project aims to promote the energy transition of the dairy value chain. The kick-off meeting is scheduled for March 11-12 in Brussels (Belgium).
Adapting to Rising Temperatures: Highlights and Proceedings from the 1st IIR International Adaptation Conference
The 1st IIR International Conference on Refrigeration: Adapting to Rising Temperatures, held from 10–13 August 2025 at the University of Manchester, brought together over 120...
The 21st European Conference on RACHP technologies is just around the corner
The 21st edition of the European Conference RACHP, co-organised by UNEP, IIR, and Centro Studi Galileo, will take place in Milano on June 12-13, 2025.
IIR publishes a new Technical Brief: Cooling technologies for sustainable data centres
Authored by leading IIR experts in energy and power engineering, this publication offers a comprehensive exploration of innovative cooling solutions designed to meet the escalating...
Strengthening Sustainable Agri-Food Cold Chains in Jordan: Policy Dialogue and Technical Capacity Building
As the global authority on refrigeration knowledge, the International Institute of Refrigeration is supporting member countries in...
A look back at the IIR's presence at the Interclima trade fair
A big thank you to everyone who visited our stand at Interclima 2024!
Book your spot! Training session on food refrigeration systems
From July 1 to 5 2024, Professor Don Cleland will be leading a training workshop in London entitled “Cost-Effective Refrigeration”.
New IIR Informatory Note on Renewable Energy
The latest IIR Informatory Note stresses that renewable energy sources can be considered practically inexhaustible and are currently the only solution for an ecological transition to clean...
Encyclopedia of Refrigeration
5 results
Hydrocarbon refrigerants
Hydrocarbons such as R290 (propane), R600a (isobutane) or R1270 (propene/propylene) are low GWP non-toxic natural refrigerants with excellent thermodynamic properties. They offer an...
Cryogenic nitrogen in the food and beverage industry
The adoption of cryogenic processes in the food and beverage industry is predominantly driven by liquid nitrogen (LIN), and it is the preferred candidate for food chilling and...
Additive manufacturing of heat exchangers
In the refrigeration industry, additive manufacturing (colloquially referred to as “3D printing”) makes it possible to fabricate novel, complex and potentially more energy efficient...
Liquefied Natural Gas: production process and cold energy recovery
Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is natural gas that has been cooled to about -160 °C and turned into a liquid to facilitate transportation and storage. A typical LNG supply chain...
Additive manufacturing of regenerators for caloric cooling
In many areas of engineering, additive manufacturing allows the production of complex and multifunctional products that could not be manufactured using traditional methods. In the...
