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IIR document

Simultaneous heating and cooling production devices composed by reverse cycle systems under variable loads.

• Author(s) : FRICKER J., ZOUGHAIB A.
• Publication date: 2015/07
• Languages : English
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 55
• Formats : PDF

Performance of an absorption heat transformer using new working binary systems composed of ionic liquid and water.

• Author(s) : ABUMANDOUR E.S., MUTELET F., ALONSO D.
• Publication date: 2016/02/05
• Languages : English
• Source: Applied Thermal Engineering - vol. 94

Recommended by the IIR / IIR document

Investigation on diverse loop cooling system composed of maglev compressor and liquid pump for data center.

• Author(s) : WANG B., WANG F., ZHAN B., SHAO S.
• Publication date: 2023/08/21
• Languages : English
• Source: Proceedings of the 26^th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration: Paris , France, August 21-25, 2023.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Materials and components in cryogenic distillation.

• Author(s) : BRAD S., LAZAR A., VIJULIE M., et al.
• Publication date: 2016/06/22
• Languages : English
• Source: 1^st IIR International Conference of Cryogenics and Refrigeration Technology (ICCRT 2016). Proceedings: Bucharest, Romania, June 22-25, 2016.
• Formats : PDF

Refrigeration modeling components in OpenStudio.

• Author(s) : ADAMS M., SANYAL J., FRICKE B., et al.
• Publication date: 2014/07/14
• Languages : English
• Source: 2014 Purdue Conferences. 15th International Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning Conference at Purdue.
• Formats : PDF

Recommended by the IIR / IIR document

A complementary VOCs recovery system based on cryogenic condensation and low-temperature adsorption.

• Author(s) : XU H., XU X., CHEN L., GUO J., WANG J.
• Publication date: 2023/09
• Languages : English
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 153
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Cryogenic components for a superconducting DC-rail.

• Author(s) : ZERWECK U., KUHN M., KADE A., et al.
• Publication date: 2017/05/15
• Languages : English
• Source: Cryogenics 2017. Proceedings of the 14^th IIR International Conference: Dresden, Germany, Mai 15-19, 2017.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Thermodynamic analysis of a petroleum volatile organic compounds (VOCs) condensation recovery system combined with mixed-refrigerant refrigeration.

• Author(s) : WANG H., GUO H., ZHAO Y., DONG X., GONG M.
• Publication date: 2020/08
• Languages : English
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 116
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

An investigation on the component efficiencies of a small two-phase ejector.

• Author(s) : WANG X., YU J.
• Publication date: 2016/11
• Languages : English
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 71
• Formats : PDF

Simulation of a refrigeration compressor evaluating accuracy of results with variation in 3D component discretization.

• Author(s) : OLIVEIRA S., REAL M., MARSH D.
• Publication date: 2014/07/14
• Languages : English
• Source: 2014 Purdue Conferences. 22nd International Compressor Engineering Conference at Purdue.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Vapor–liquid equilibria and inter-diffusion coefficients for working pairs for absorption refrigeration systems composed of [HMIM][BF 4 ] and fluorinated propanes.

• Author(s) : LIU X., NGUYEN M. Q., XUE S., et al.
• Publication date: 2019/08
• Languages : English
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 104
• Formats : PDF

The development of chemi-selective sensors to detect volatile organic compounds and flammable refrigerants.

• Author(s) : CARNEIRO N. F.
• Publication date: 2022/08
• Languages : English
• Formats : PDF

Effects from the Freezing of Either Whole or Crushed Grapes on the Volatile Compounds Contents in Muscat Wines.

• Author(s) : PEDROSA-LÓPEZ M. d. C., ARAGÓN-GARCÍA F., RUIZ-RODRIGUEZ A., PIÑEIRO Z., DURÁN-GUERRERO E., PALMA M.
• Publication date: 2022/06
• Languages : English
• Source: Foods - vol. 11 - n. 12
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Effects of interfacial compounds inducing by Ag interlayer on the Bi₂Te₃-based thin filmthermoelectric cooler.

• Author(s) : LIU Z., CHU L., LIU R., SHEN L., XIE J.
• Publication date: 2024/08/24
• Languages : English
• Source: 10^th IIR Conference on Caloric Cooling and Applications of Caloric Materials
• Formats : PDF

Power electronics high performance air-cooled heat sinks integrating graphite based materials.

• Author(s) : OLIET C., MULLEN D., HOELL K., COCHRANE N., PREISHUBER-PFLUEGL F., RIGOLA J., BOUTON M., PONTRUCHER M., CASTRILLO P., SCHILLACI E., SANTOS D., MCKAY C., HALIMIC E., FREISMUTH J.
• Publication date: 2021/05
• Languages : English
• Source: 2021 Purdue Conferences. 18^th International Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning Conference at Purdue.
• Formats : PDF

A new track for efficient cooling of electronics.

Cooling is imperative to prolonging electronic lifespan and to allow a reduction in energy use.

• Publication date : 2015/10/08

In France, the tax on HFCs is still under discussion (in French)

Update on the latest developments regarding the HFC tax, which finally appears in the 2018 finance bill.

• Publication date : 2017/11/17
• Subjects: HFCs alternatives, Regulation

The challenges of thermal management of next-generation electronic equipment

With the increasing integration and miniaturization of electronic devices, the heat flows they generate are constantly increasing. Spray cooling has many advantages in this regard. 

• Publication date : 2023/03/27

A strong global compressor market

The almost 12% growth in the refrigeration compressor market over the 2020-2023 period reflects the vitality of the refrigeration sector. Centrifugal compressors and semi-hermetic reciprocating compressors...

• Publication date : 2024/04/26

A nanoelectronic chip cooled to the world record temperature of 2.8 mK

A group of researchers of the University of Basel succeeded in cooling a nanoelectronic chip to a temperature very close to absolute zero thanks to magnetic cooling.

• Publication date : 2018/03/22

Supercomputer with advanced cooling system to support NASA moon missions

The new liquid-cooled Aitken supercomputer will run modeling and simulation workloads for lunar landings.

• Publication date : 2019/09/30

New IIR figures highlight the role of the refrigeration sector

On the occasion of the upcoming publication of two new Informatory Notes, the IIR has established new figures illustrating the importance of the refrigeration sector.

• Publication date : 2024/03/28
• Subjects: Environment

Assessment of the environmental impact of domestic refrigerators using LCCP

The environmental impact of domestic refrigerators over their lifetime has been quantified in different configurations (operating cycles, materials, insulation) in a recent IJR article. 

• Publication date : 2021/02/23

Major trends in the global commercial refrigeration market

The global commercial refrigeration market, half of which is made up of the refrigerated display cabinet segment, amounted to USD 71 billion in 2021, up 8.8% year-on-year and 14% over four...

• Publication date : 2022/10/27
• Subjects: Figures, economy

A new non-flammable mixture to boost the performance of CO2 systems

In a recent IJR article, researchers propose combining R744 with Dimethyl-ether (DME) to boost system performance while ensuring safety and low environmental impact, in a recent IJR...

• Publication date : 2024/02/26
• Subjects: Technology

Record: heat pump less than 10 g of propane per kW

German researchers have developed a refrigeration circuit integrating a propane heat pump that achieves a heating power of 12.8 kW with only 124 g of refrigerant. 

• Publication date : 2022/10/27

CO2, one of the options for reducing the carbon footprint of refrigerated transport

Comparison of CO2 emissions from refrigerated transport units using R744 and HFC-134a and overview of solutions that could reduce the carbon footprint of this sector. 

• Publication date : 2024/03/28
• Subjects: Environment

Inefficient R22 air conditioners dumped in Africa

According to a recent report, 35% of room air conditioners (RAC) sold in ten African countries are low efficiency RACs. RACs containing R22 account for 47% of the market, while 49% contain R410A.Setting minimum...

• Publication date : 2020/09/04
• Subjects: Developing country, Environment

REACH regulation: the restrictions proposed by five European states concern many alternative refrigerants

The European Chemicals Agency has been reviewing the proposed restrictions on PFAS, including some refrigerants, since February 7. 

• Publication date : 2023/02/17
• Subjects: Regulation

How to increase market uptake of innovative renewable heating and cooling systems ?

The results of two years of EU-funded research highlight several recommended incentives to motivate the uptake of innovative renewable heating and cooling systems.

• Publication date : 2022/01/06
• Subjects: General information, Technology

New in our Encyclopedia: additive manufacturing for refrigeration equipment

Additive manufacturing makes it possible to optimise the geometry and performance of cooling components such as heat exchangers and regenerators for caloric...

• Publication date : 2022/09/28
• Subjects: Technology

Pôle Cristal Symposium: Les Rendez-Vous Du Pole Cristal 2019

The twelfth edition of the symposium "les rendez-vous du Pôle Cristal" was held in Dinan on Thursday, October 3, 2019.

• Publication date : 2019/10/27

Editorial by François Billiard

I am moved as I write these lines: I left the IIR on October 1, 2004, following a 5-year mandate as Director; the Executive Committee elected me on June 13, 1998. Thanks to the IIR's members, the members of its statutory committees, and the staff...

• Publication date : 2004/11/10

ICR2015: A stimulating environment for dynamic exchanges

With a focus on improving standards and the quality of life of many worldwide, as well as emphasising the importance of preserving the earth through the advancement of refrigeration applications and technology, ICR2015 is expected to attract a...

• Publication date : 2015/04/08

Call for abstracts now open! 15th IIR-Gustav Lorentzen Conference on Natural Refrigerants

Prospective authors of papers are encouraged to submit 150-200 word abstracts by September 15, 2021.

• Publication date : 2021/07/08
• Subjects: Environment, Technology

SophiA project: HKA Lab test progress

SophiA HKA (Karlsruhe University of Applied Sciences) Lab test is intended to provide a better understanding of the cooling system in in different climate zones.

• Publication date : 2023/10/27

Past events: The IIR around the world, August and September 2024

A look back at the IIR’s latest events during conferences (Gustav Lorentzen, Thermag, Compressors) and during sponsored vents (CHPC).

• Publication date : 2024/10/07

Hot off the press: Handbook on Indirect Refrigeration and Heat Pump Systems

Be the first to read the newly published IIR Handbook on Indirect Refrigeration and Heat Pump Systems.

• Publication date : 2015/08/05

Call for industrial partners for joint industry cryogenics project linked to LNG production

Become a project partner: Join the Joint Industry Project of MINES ParisTech – ARMINES “Evaluation of the crystallization risk in LNG production”.

• Publication date : 2017/03/16

Registration is now open! 12th International Conference on Compressors and their Systems

Book your seat at the well-established 12th International Conference on Compressors and their Systems to take place on September 6-8, 2021.

• Publication date : 2021/07/06
• Subjects: Technology

Compressors Conference 2023 in London: Register today!

The 13th International Conference on Compressors and their Systems will be held this September in London.

• Publication date : 2023/07/19
• Subjects: Technology

CryoHub to share results of implementation of innovative energy storage technique

Register now for our Webinar on 17th March 2021 to hear from experts on how the CryoHub technology was developed and demonstrated at a refrigerated facility at Frigologix in...

• Publication date : 2021/01/27

New IIR Informatory Note on automotive air conditioning

The latest IIR Informatory Note presents recent technological trends in automotive air conditioning, in particular for electric cars, and outlines the challenges in terms of energy efficiency and CO2...

• Publication date : 2022/10/27

HFO 2023: Call for abstracts extended until September 30!

The call for abstracts for the 2023 IIR Conference on HFOs, to be hosted by the Chinese Association of Refrigeration (CAR), has been extended to September 30, 2022!  

• Publication date : 2022/09/08
• Subjects: Environment, HFCs alternatives, Technology

INDEE+ Project: Norwegian R744 condensing units arrived in India for educational purposes

Three R744 condensing units were sent to India by Prof. Armin Hafner (NTNU, Norway)  to educate Indian institutions, end-users and vendors on clean cooling technologies, with the aim of helping India meet...

• Publication date : 2021/12/15

Additive manufacturing of heat exchangers

In the refrigeration industry, additive manufacturing (colloquially referred to as “3D printing”) makes it possible to fabricate novel, complex and potentially more energy efficient...

• Last update : 2022/09/07
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Evaporators, condensers and other heat exchangers

Liquefied Natural Gas: production process and cold energy recovery

Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is natural gas that has been cooled to about -160 °C and turned into a liquid to facilitate transportation and storage. A typical LNG supply chain...

• Last update : 2023/06/23
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : LNG and LPG

For IIR members only

Heat pump stock in Europe

This table presents the stock of installed heat pumps, the CO2 emissions avoided and the number of jobs in the heat pump sector in Europe.

• Last update : 2021/12/14
• Langues : English
• Themes : Heat pumps, energy recovery: economics and statistics

Cryogenics in the pharmaceutical industry: drug design and bioavailability improvement

Research activities in the pharmaceutical sector focus primarily on developing novel drug formulations which can elicit the desired response upon being administered to the patient...

• Last update : 2023/03/10
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Freeze-drying in biology and medicine, Cryobiology, cryomedicine: general information