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IIR document

Experimental fabrication and performance testing of partially sintered gadolinium spheres regenerator beds.

• Author(s) : TURA A., NIELSEN K. K.
• Publication date: 2014/09/07
• Languages : English
• Source: 6^th International Conference on Magnetic Refrigeration at Room Temperature (Thermag VI). Proceedings: Victoria, Canada, September 7-10, 2014.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Fabrication of superconducting magnetic bearings.

• Author(s) : WERFEL F., FLOEGEL-DELOR U., ROTHFELD R., et al.
• Publication date: 2014/04/07
• Languages : English
• Source: Cryogenics 2014. Proceedings of the 13^th IIR International Conference: Prague, Czech Republic, April 7-11, 2014.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Fabrication of hard-shell microcapsules containing inorganic materials.

• Author(s) : TAMARU M., SUZUKI H., HIDEMA R., et al.
• Publication date: 2017/10
• Languages : English
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 82
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Quality and quantity trade-offs in clear ice making.

• Author(s) : MELO F. S., CARDOSO R. P., HERMES C. J. L.
• Publication date: 2024/05
• Languages : English
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 161
• Formats : PDF

Ice making for curling.

• Author(s) : DETTMERS D. J.
• Publication date: 2016/02
• Languages : English
• Source: ASHRAE Journal - vol. 58 - n. 2

IIR document

Design and fabricating of a two-in-one compact magnet array.

• Author(s) : JIANG Q., LI H. B., XU X. N., et al.
• Publication date: 2016/09/11
• Languages : English
• Source: 7^th International Conference on Magnetic Refrigeration at Room Temperature (Thermag VII). Proceedings: Turin, Italy, September 11-14, 2016.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

A study of ice clearness and production rate trade-offs in icemaking.

• Author(s) : MELO F. S., PALOMINO P. R., CARDOSO R. P., HERMES C. J. L.
• Publication date: 2023/08/21
• Languages : English
• Source: Proceedings of the 26^th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration: Paris , France, August 21-25, 2023.
• Formats : PDF

Low melting temperature brazing materials for aluminum heat exchanger fabrication.

• Author(s) : ZHAO H., ELBEL S., HRNJAK P.
• Publication date: 2021/05
• Languages : English
• Source: 2021 Purdue Conferences. 18^th International Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning Conference at Purdue.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Fabrication characteristics of phase-change materials of silica hard-shell microcapsules.

• Author(s) : SUZUKI H., TAMARU M., HIDEMA R., et al.
• Publication date: 2016/05/18
• Languages : English
• Source: 11^th IIR Conference on Phase-Change Materials and Slurries for Refrigeration and Air Conditioning. Proceedings: Karlsruhe, Germany, May 18-20, 2016.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Fabrication of silica hard-shell microcapsule containing inorganic phase-change materials.

• Author(s) : TAMARU M., SUZUKI H., HIDEMA R., et al.
• Publication date: 2015/08/16
• Languages : English
• Source: Proceedings of the 24th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration: Yokohama, Japan, August 16-22, 2015.
• Formats : PDF

Fabrication and thermal characterization of new composite material for thermal energy storage applications.

• Author(s) : LACHHEB M., ADILI A., KARKRI M., et al.
• Publication date: 2016/03/24
• Languages : English
• Source: 1st International Refrigeration, Energy and Environment Colloquium. Proceedings: Hammamet, Tunisia, March 24-27, 2016.
• Formats : PDF

Recommended by the IIR / IIR document

A study of automatic icemaking in household refrigerators.

• Author(s) : BERNO G. M., KNABBEN F. T., HERMES C. J. L.
• Publication date: 2022/10
• Languages : English
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 142
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Performance analysis of ice plant using R134a/POE blended with MWCNTs nano-refrigerant–An experimental approach.

• Author(s) : AKHTAR M. J., RAJPUT S. P. S.
• Publication date: 2023/11
• Languages : English
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 155
• Formats : PDF

Fabrication and performance evaluation of flexible heat pipes for potential thermal control of foldable electronics.

• Author(s) : YANG C., CHANG C., SONG C., et al.
• Publication date: 2016/02/25
• Languages : English
• Source: Applied Thermal Engineering - vol. 95

IIR document

Performance evaluation of ice plant operating on R134a blended with varied concentration of Al₂O₃SiO₂/PAG composite nanolubricant by experimental approach.

• Author(s) : CHAUHAN S. S.
• Publication date: 2020/05
• Languages : English
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 113
• Formats : PDF

Restoration plans approved for Grimsby ice factory

In the UK, local council has approved plans to turn the derelict Grimsby Ice Factory into a multipurpose venue, while preserving the historical compressor room. 

• Publication date : 2024/02/09
• Subjects: General information

Spray freeze-drying technique for the manufacturing of pharmaceutical products

Some biopharmaceuticals such as vaccines have a short shelf life and must be handled with care. A recent literature review presents the spray freeze-drying technique as an interesting option for optimising the...

• Publication date : 2020/12/14
• Subjects: Technology

Temperature control and sustainability, the challenges of 3D meat printing

Temperature control is a key factor that still limits the application of 3D printing in the meat industry, according to recent scientific publications. 

• Publication date : 2023/01/26
• Subjects: Technology

Solar-powered modular facade capable of cooling and heating a building

In Germany, researchers are testing a modular solar-powered facade that includes a mini heat pump for heating and cooling, and a decentralised ventilation unit with heat...

• Publication date : 2022/02/07
• Subjects: Technology

ICR 2019: an overview of current refrigeration research (part II)

Presentation of the main scientific and technical topics covered in the papers of the 25th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration and summary of some of the 14 keynotes.

• Publication date : 2019/09/30
• Subjects: HFCs alternatives

Grimsby Ice Factory on Europe's "most at risk" list

The Grimsby Ice Factory in England has been marked as one of the seven most threatened heritage sites in Europe for 2018.

• Publication date : 2018/04/19

Discovery of an 18th century ice-well in London

A huge subterranean ice house dating from the 1780s, recently uncovered in central London, has been designated as a scheduled monument by Historic England.

• Publication date : 2019/01/31

Grimsby ice factory preservation plans

Some of the historic ice-making equipment in the derelict Grimsby Ice Factory is to be removed in planned remedial work to prevent further damage to the crumbling building.

• Publication date : 2022/01/13

Plans to save Grimsby Ice Factory

An irreplaceable piece of industrial refrigeration history is endangered

• Publication date : 2011/11/17

New energy-efficient way to make ammonia

The traditional way of manufacturing ammonia leaves a huge carbon footprint. An Australian team of researchers have found a cheaper and greener way to make ammonia from air, water, and renewable electricity....

• Publication date : 2021/02/08
• Subjects: Environment, HFCs alternatives

New nature-mimicking freeze-casting technique

US DOE L. Berkeley Lab researchers have developed a nature-mimicking bidirectional freeze-casting technique that enables them to design and create strong, tough, porous and lightweight materials with applications in the medical sector

• Publication date : 2016/08/23
• Subjects: Technology

Status and potential applications of thermal energy storage in China, Japan and South Korea

During the 10th IIR Conference on PCMs and Slurries for Refrigeration and Air Conditioning held in Kobe, Japan, the status and potential applications of thermal energy storage in China, Japan and South Korea was presented

• Publication date : 2012/12/31

ICR2011 highlights: micro-refrigeration development

Micro-refrigeration development was one of the important themes of the IIR Congress in Prague.

• Publication date : 2011/12/15

The benefits of 3D printing in refrigeration and air conditioning

The various applications of 3D printing in the field of refrigeration and air conditioning highlight possible tremendous advantages in terms of energy efficiency and cost minimisation.

• Publication date : 2020/05/27
• Subjects: Technology

Assessment of the environmental impact of domestic refrigerators using LCCP

The environmental impact of domestic refrigerators over their lifetime has been quantified in different configurations (operating cycles, materials, insulation) in a recent IJR article. 

• Publication date : 2021/02/23

New in our Encyclopedia: additive manufacturing for refrigeration equipment

Additive manufacturing makes it possible to optimise the geometry and performance of cooling components such as heat exchangers and regenerators for caloric...

• Publication date : 2022/09/28
• Subjects: Technology

New in our Encyclopedia. Ice cream manufacturing and its environmental impact.

A comprehensive review of the freezing process, market data and environmental impact of ice cream manufacturing. 

• Publication date : 2022/10/27
• Subjects: Figures, economy, Technology

Member news: Mexichem Fluor changes name to Koura

The Mexichem branch specialized in the development and manufacturing of fluorinated products changes its name to become Koura.

• Publication date : 2019/09/30

Member news: Presenting MIRAI Intex's Latest process cooling Innovation - X Cryo

Discover the latest advancement in process cooling technology from MIRAI Intex. X Cryo delivers precision and durability, meeting the needs of demanding industrial applications. 

• Publication date : 2024/03/27

Member news: Latest news from Air Liquide

Air Liquid inaugurates a low-carbon hydrogen production unit and promotes the development of helium refrigeration. 

• Publication date : 2021/02/23

I-SWG workshop at Delft Days Magnetocaloric Conference

Workshop organised by the IIR Industrial Sub-Working Group (I-SWG) on Magnetic refrigeration

• Publication date : 2015/10/28

Healthcare ColDays 2022: innovations in refrigeration and health

The French Association of Refrigeration (Association Française du Froid) is organising a day dedicated to the latest technical and scientific developments in the field of refrigeration and health on 26 April...

• Publication date : 2022/02/04

Discover the winners of the IIR Student Competition

On the occasion of ICR2015, the IIR is sponsoring the first ever undergraduate student project competition entitled "ICR2015 Refrigeration for the Sustainable Cold Chain and Food Safety" (RSCC&FS).

• Publication date : 2015/07/15

Call for abstracts: IIR Compressors Conference 2020

Set to celebrate its 10th anniversary edition in the series, the IIR next Conference on Compressors and Refrigerants has launched a call for abstracts. Don't miss the deadline!

• Publication date : 2019/11/04

IIR-Gustav Lorentzen Conference 2018 attracts its largest number of participants yet

With a focus on natural refrigerants, principally ammonia, carbon dioxide and hydrocarbons, the 13th conference in the series attracted the largest number of participants yet, welcoming an impressive 300 individuals from 45 different countries and...

• Publication date : 2018/07/03

The long awaited ICR2015 is underway!

Held every four years, this year ICR2015 welcomes 1,011 conference delegates from 55 countries, making it a truly global refrigeration event.

• Publication date : 2015/08/19

Past events: the IIR worldwide, April 2024

In March and April, the IIR attended Centro Studi Galileo, IIAR, and China Refrigeration conferences. Update on these three events

• Publication date : 2024/04/29

New IIR Working Group on Careers in Refrigeration “CaRe”

The IIR is delighted to announce the new IIR Working Group on Careers in Refrigeration “CaRe”, chaired by Dr Catarina Marques.

• Publication date : 2016/08/03

IIR Working Group on the Cold Chain in Warm Countries appoints a new chairperson

Newly appointed chairperson, Halima Thraya, will oversee and coordinate the various efforts and projects carried out by the Working Group.

• Publication date : 2015/06/03

IIR economic news service: the latest from our market report partners

The IIR has established partnerships with several leading market research companies, as well as with establishments that combine and provide detailed reports and global analytical studies on different sectors of the refrigeration or economic...

• Publication date : 2016/12/07

Additive manufacturing of heat exchangers

In the refrigeration industry, additive manufacturing (colloquially referred to as “3D printing”) makes it possible to fabricate novel, complex and potentially more energy efficient...

• Last update : 2022/09/07
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Evaporators, condensers and other heat exchangers

Additive manufacturing of regenerators for caloric cooling

In many areas of engineering, additive manufacturing allows the production of complex and multifunctional products that could not be manufactured using traditional methods. In the...

• Last update : 2022/09/16
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Caloric cooling (magnetocaloric, electrocaloric, elastocaloric and barocaloric cooling)

Ice cream manufacturing, environmental impact and market data

From a physico-chemical point of view, ice cream is a complex, frozen multiphase mixture. The manufacturing process includes several stages of freezing which are described in this...

• Last update : 2023/06/30
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Ice creams

Environmental impact of the ice cream industry

This summary document describes the environmental impact of ice cream manufacturing, which is mainly due to the energy consumption and refrigerants used.

• Last update : 2022/11/17
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : General information on environment (climate change, ozone depletion…)

For IIR members only

Heat pump stock in Europe

This table presents the stock of installed heat pumps, the CO2 emissions avoided and the number of jobs in the heat pump sector in Europe.

• Last update : 2021/12/14
• Langues : English
• Themes : Heat pumps, energy recovery: economics and statistics

Cryogenics in the pharmaceutical industry: drug design and bioavailability improvement

Research activities in the pharmaceutical sector focus primarily on developing novel drug formulations which can elicit the desired response upon being administered to the patient...

• Last update : 2023/03/10
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Freeze-drying in biology and medicine, Cryobiology, cryomedicine: general information