Search results

Paris Agreement.

• Author(s) : UNITED NATIONS (NATIONS UNIES)
• Publication date: 2015
• Languages :
• Keywords : Global warming, Regulations, World
• Formats : Website

Not-in-kind alternatives to high global warming HFCs.

• Author(s) : SEIDEL S., YE J., ANDERSEN S. O., et al.
• Publication date: 2016/10
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Regulations, Global warming, Consumption, Low GWP, Substitute, Refrigeration industry, HFO, HFC, Refrigerant
• Source: Center for Climate and Energy Solutions (C2ES)

Katowice package : Path to the agreement.

• Author(s) : BOLESTA K., TOMASZEWSKI R., SIPINSKI D., et al.
• Publication date: 2018/11
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Regulations, Global warming, World, Environment

The emission gap report 2017.

• Author(s) : ONU Environnement (ex-PNUE)
• Publication date: 2017/11
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Global warming, CO2 emission, Greenhouse effect
• Formats : PDF

Napredak u ocuvanju životne sredine: uloga upravljanja cvrstim otpadom.

Advances in environmental preservation: the role of solid waste management.

• Author(s) : SHERIF D. -el
• Publication date: 2016/12
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Global warming, Management, Solid, Performance, Waste
• Source: 47^th International HVAC&R Congress and Exhibition.
• Formats : PDF

Recommended by the IIR

Implications of increasing household air conditioning use across the United States under a warming climate.

• Author(s) : OBRINGER R., NATEGHI R., MAIA-SILVA D., MUKHERJEE S., MCROBERTS D. B., KUMAR R.
• Publication date: 2022
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Air conditioning, Temperature, Global warming, USA, Modelling
• Source: Earth's future. - vol. 10
• Formats : PDF

Ventisettesima conferenza delle parti del protocollo di Montreal (MOP-27).

Twenty-seventh Conference of the Parties to the Montreal Protocol (MOP-27).

• Author(s) : COULOMB D.
• Publication date: 2015/10
• Languages : Italian
• Keywords : Refrigerating system, Global warming, Generality, World, Refrigerant
• Source: Industria & Formazione - vol. 39 - n.394
• Formats : PDF

Refrigerant report. 20^th edition.

• Author(s) : BITZER
• Publication date: 2018
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Refrigerant, HFC, Global warming, Mixture, Low GWP
• Formats : PDF

Gestire professionalmente l'attuale complessa situazione dei refrigeranti: i fluidi del futuro. 182a lezione di base.

Professionally managing the current complex situation of refrigerants: refrigerants of the future. 182nd basic lesson.

• Author(s) : FANTONI P.
• Publication date: 2015/03
• Languages : Italian
• Keywords : Global warming, Generality, Review, Substitute, Performance, Refrigerant
• Source: Industria & Formazione - vol. 39 - n.387
• Formats : PDF

I refrigeranti e l'ambiente.

Refrigerants and the environment.

• Author(s) : KELLY K.
• Publication date: 2015/03
• Languages : Italian
• Keywords : Global warming, Generality, Safety, Environment, Ozone depletion, Refrigerant
• Source: Industria & Formazione - vol. 39 - n.387
• Formats : PDF

Agriculture and food security in OIC member countries 2016.

Agriculture et sécurité alimentaire dans les pays membres de L'OCI 2016.

• Publication date: 2016
• Languages : French
• Keywords : Global warming, Food industry, Food, Safety, Economy, Production

Le règlement F-Gas : objectifs et impacts.

The F-gas regulation: aims and impacts.

• Author(s) : LASSERRE V., HEYNDRICKX F., RIVOALLON R., et al.
• Publication date: 2014/06
• Languages : French
• Keywords : Regulations, Global warming, Generality, European Union, HFC, Greenhouse effect
• Source: Revue générale du Froid & du Conditionnement d'air - vol. 103 - n. 1144

Améliorer les performances environnementales des TRU.

Improving environmental performances of transport refrigeration units (TRUs).

• Author(s) : HELSOUIN C.
• Publication date: 2016/07
• Languages : French
• Keywords : Refrigerating unit, Global warming, Road transport, Energy consumption, LCCP
• Source: Revue générale du Froid & du Conditionnement d'air - vol. 104 - n. 1158

IIR document

CO2 chillers for industrial applications: a theoretical study.

• Author(s) : BALLOT-MIGUET B., TOUBLANC C., TERRIER M. F., et al.
• Publication date: 2016/08/21
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Industrial application, Global warming, France, Calculation, R744, Energy efficiency
• Source: 12^th IIR Gustav Lorentzen Conference on Natural Refrigerants (GL2016). Proceedings. Édimbourg, United Kingdom, August 21st-24th 2016.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Low GWP conversion: an energy efficiency issue ?

• Author(s) : KUIJPERS L. J. M., KOCHOVA N., VONSILD A. L.
• Publication date: 2018/06/18
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Natural refrigerant, Global warming, Review, HFC, Energy efficiency, Refrigerant
• Source: 13^th IIR Gustav Lorentzen Conference on Natural Refrigerants (GL2018). Proceedings. Valencia, Spain, June 18-20th 2018.
• Formats : PDF

Ozone depletion and global warming

As an intergovernmental organization, the International Institute of Refrigeration (IIR) is invited to attend the annual conferences on the ozone layer (and the Montreal Protocol), on climate change (and the Kyoto Protocol), and to present a...

• Publication date : 2007/02/12

Climate change: The cost of global warming

The Stern Review is the most comprehensive study ever performed on the economics of climate change. According to the report commissioned by the UK Chancellor, pre-industrial level of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere was 280 ppm CO2 equivalents...

• Publication date : 2007/02/12

Kigali Amendment impact on global warming

The 8th Emissions Gap Report acknowledges the potential contribution short-lived climate pollutants (SLCPs) could make in the global effort to keep the planet’s warming well below 2 °C compared to pre-industrial levels.

• Publication date : 2018/03/08
• Subjects: Regulation, HFCs alternatives

Cold storage of evergreen seedlings affected by global warming

Due to global warming, conifer seedlings are more often exposed to desiccation during snow-free winters. Overwinter cold storage allows to improve their survival, provided that...

• Publication date : 2022/05/23
• Subjects: Technology, Environment

Limiting global warming to 1.5°C: the potential contribution of the refrigeration sector

The latest IPCC report stresses the importance to limit the increase in the global average temperature to 1.5°C instead of 2°C in order to lower the adaptation needs. The refrigeration sector can contribute to this objective.

• Publication date : 2018/10/18
• Subjects: General information, Regulation, HFCs alternatives, Environment

Extreme heat reduces productivity in global economies

In a recent report, a non-profit organisation examined how global warming is affecting the economy and labour productivity in 12 major urban areas worldwide. 

• Publication date : 2022/10/27
• Subjects: Figures, economy

Some HFOs have lower GWPs than CO2

US EPA has evaluated new HFO refrigerants as having similar or lower global warming potential than CO2.

• Publication date : 2015/02/01
• Subjects: HFCs alternatives

Launch of the first R1234ze free-cooling chillers

The “first to market” TurboChill free cooling chillers using low global warming potential (GWP) refrigerant R1234ze are going to be launched.

• Publication date : 2013/12/18

IPCC confirms HFO GWPs are less than 1

The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has confirmed that both R1234yf and R1234ze(E) have global warming potentials below that of carbon dioxide.

• Publication date : 2014/02/24

CO2 training courses in France

Climate change concerns and increasing use of natural refrigerants with low global warming potential (GWP) are driving demand for natural refrigerant training courses.

• Publication date : 2011/12/14

The sharp increase in refrigeration needs should be better reflected in public policies

Recently released degree-day indicators confirm the steady progression of cooling needs compared to heating in the EU. Globally, energy consumption from refrigeration (including air...

• Publication date : 2022/07/08
• Subjects: Environment

Improving air conditioner efficiency could avoid up to 100bn tonnes of CO2

The report “Benefits of Leapfrogging to Super-efficiency and Low Global Warming Potential Refrigerants in Air Conditioning” by the L. Berkeley National Laboratory states that improving the energy efficiency of room air conditioners to the level of...

• Publication date : 2015/12/18

Transition from HFCs in Europe: European retailers are optimistic

A survey examines how European retailers are navigating away from HFCs towards lower global warming alternatives.

• Publication date : 2017/11/22
• Subjects: Regulation, HFCs alternatives

For IIR members only

Must read: evidence and guidelines against dumping of inefficient cooling equipment in developing countries

The IGSD compiled a resource guide to inform stakeholders on environmentally harmful dumping of new but energy-inefficient cooling equipment that uses high global-warming-potential...

• Publication date : 2024/10/24
• Subjects: Developing country

Latest IPCC report predicts an increased risk of heatwaves

The IPCC report published in February 2022 highlights several risks posed by rising temperatures, such as increased heat waves and greater energy demand for space...

• Publication date : 2022/03/31
• Subjects: Environment

New IIR Informatory Note on Liquefied Natural Gas

The latest IIR Informatory Note stresses that LNG is expected to play a major role in global energy strategies as it has many advantages and helps mitigate global warming when used instead of coal and...

• Publication date : 2023/06/28

The year 2016: a new year full of opportunity

The year 2016 will be particularly important due to increasing international discussions on the production and consumption of hydrofluorocarbons with high global warming potential.

• Publication date : 2016/01/06

Daikin launches educational initiative on next-generation refrigerants

Daikin Comfort Technologies partners with the ESCO Institute to prepare the HVAC industry for the use of low global warming potential refrigerants.

• Publication date : 2024/10/25
• Subjects: HFCs alternatives

IIR member news: Johnson Controls YORK chiller optimised for R1233zd(E)

The YORK YZ magnetic bearing centrifugal chiller, produced by Johnson Controls, is said to be the first chiller fully optimized for ultimate performance with the low-global warming potential refrigerant R1233zd(E).

• Publication date : 2019/01/31

New in the Encyclopedia: updated GWP values for HFCs

Find all the GWP values over 100 years and 20 years for hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) refrigerants.

• Publication date : 2023/09/22
• Subjects: Environment

Statement given by Didier Coulomb, Director General of the IIR, during COP 21

Statement given by Didier Coulomb, Director General of the International Institute of Refrigeration (IIR) during the 21st United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP 21) in Paris (November...

• Publication date : 2020/03/29
• Subjects: Regulation, Environment

Focus by Didier Coulomb

As we announced in the latest issue of the Newsletter, this special issue on the environment was prepared jointly with the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP). 2007 is a very important year for the future of the global environment and the...

• Publication date : 2007/08/05

The IIR at COP-11/MOP-1 in Montreal

The IIR, as an intergovernmental organization, participated in this "historic" event which gathered 10 000 people for the largest United Nations Framework Conference on Climate Change (UNFCCC) ever held. The conference held...

• Publication date : 2006/01/28

International events: Brussels

The IIR co-sponsored conference, Atmosphere 2009 took place in Brussels, Belgium, on October 19-20, 2009. It focused on general policy on replacing high global warming refrigerants (HCFCs, HFCs) by natural refrigerants (political, financial,...

• Publication date : 2010/03/07

International events: Belgrade

The IIR co-sponsored 40th International Conference on Heating, Air Conditioning and Refrigeration took place in Belgrade, Serbia, on December 2-4, 2009. With 750 participants from 20 countries, 63 papers and 132 exhibitors, the event was highly...

• Publication date : 2010/03/07

International activities

The IIR must play a visible role at various international events. As an intergovernmental organization, the IIR will participate in the coming major international events organized by the United Nations: - the 18th Meeting of the Parties (MOP-18)...

• Publication date : 2006/11/15

International activities

The IIR must play a visible role in the different international events: The IIR, as an intergovernmental organization, will participate in the next 2 main international events organized by the United Nations: - the 17th Meeting of the Parties...

• Publication date : 2005/10/26

IIR publications

The IIR is preparing 4 new publications that will be available by the end of 2007: - a booklet entitled Refrigeration Drives Sustainable Development which is an update of the 2002 report Refrigeration Sector Achievements and Challenges prepared...

• Publication date : 2007/08/05

The IIR at COP13/CMP3 in Bali

During the United Nations Conference on Climate Change which was held in Bali, Indonesia on December 3-14, 2007, delegates have agreed on both the agenda for the negotiations and a 2009 deadline for completing them. However, the text does not...

• Publication date : 2007/12/27

Refrigeration and the IIR in the spotlight at COP 28

The Conference of the Parties on Climate Change took place in Dubai (United Arab Emirates) from 30 November to 13 December 2023. For the first time, refrigeration was given special attention. The IIR shared a...

• Publication date : 2023/12/18
• Subjects: Environment

Global warming potential (GWP) of HFC refrigerants

Using the latest updated data from UNEP’s RTOC 2022 report, we have compiled the 100-year GWP and 20-year GWP values of hydrofluorocarbon-based (HFC) refrigerants. Our table includes...

• Last update : 2023/09/15
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : HFCs

Liquefied Natural Gas: production process and cold energy recovery

Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is natural gas that has been cooled to about -160 °C and turned into a liquid to facilitate transportation and storage. A typical LNG supply chain...

• Last update : 2023/06/23
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : LNG and LPG

Cryogenic nitrogen in the food and beverage industry

The adoption of cryogenic processes in the food and beverage industry is predominantly driven by liquid nitrogen (LIN), and it is the preferred candidate for food chilling and...

• Last update : 2023/11/07
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Freezing of foodstuffs

Ice cream manufacturing, environmental impact and market data

From a physico-chemical point of view, ice cream is a complex, frozen multiphase mixture. The manufacturing process includes several stages of freezing which are described in this...

• Last update : 2023/06/30
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Ice creams

Environmental impact of the ice cream industry

This summary document describes the environmental impact of ice cream manufacturing, which is mainly due to the energy consumption and refrigerants used.

• Last update : 2022/11/17
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : General information on environment (climate change, ozone depletion…)