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New perspectives for the application of large-scale heat pumps.

• Author(s) : HUETTL C., WENN N., VOSS J., REISSNER F., SCHAEFER J.
• Publication date: 2023/05/15
• Languages : English
• Source: 14^th IEA Heat Pump Conference 2023, Chicago, Illinois.
• Formats : PDF

Large Heat Pumps for Decarbonized District Heating.

• Author(s) : FUNDER-KRISTENSEN T., TURNER D., ZHANG L.
• Publication date: 2021/08/31
• Languages : English
• Source: 13^th IEA Heat Pump Conference 2021: Heat Pumps – Mission for the Green World. Conference proceedings [full papers]
• Formats : PDF

Recommended by the IIR

Analysis of the influence of the opening and closing of the loading docks on the cooling energy demand of a large-sized industrial warehouse used for storing fruit and vegetables.

• Author(s) : RUBIO RUBIO J. J., VERA GARCIA F., HONTORIA HERNANDEZ E., LÓPEZ BELCHÍ A.
• Publication date: 2020/11/11
• Languages : English
• Source: X Congreso Ibérico y VIII Congreso Iberoamericano de Ciencias y Técnicas del Frío, CYTEF 2020.
• Formats : PDF

Fields of application of large-scale heat pumps and challenges in planning.

• Author(s) : BOCKELMANN F., ZIMMERMANN J.
• Publication date: 2023/05/15
• Languages : English
• Source: 14^th IEA Heat Pump Conference 2023, Chicago, Illinois.
• Formats : PDF

Optimization of a cooling system of a large-sized industrial warehouse used for storing perishable food with water-glycol mixture as coolant.

• Publication date: 2020/11/11
• Languages : English
• Source: X Congreso Ibérico y VIII Congreso Iberoamericano de Ciencias y Técnicas del Frío, CYTEF 2020.
• Formats : PDF

Long-term evaluation of an office building with large-scale heat pump and aquifer system in southern Sweden.

• Author(s) : WALFRIDSON T., LARSSON M., BENSON J., RÄFTEGÅRD O., GUSTAFSSON O., HAGLUND STIGNOR C., AXELSSON L., TILJANDER P.
• Publication date: 2021/08/31
• Languages : English
• Source: 13^th IEA Heat Pump Conference 2021: Heat Pumps – Mission for the Green World. Conference proceedings [full papers]
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Research on noise reduction characteristic of sound barrier on natural draft wet cooling towers.

• Author(s) : WANG Y., ZHANG D., JIANG L., HE S., GAO M.
• Publication date: 2022/01
• Languages : English
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 133
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Vapour compression cycle modelling for use within large thermal systems.

• Author(s) : ABLANQUE N., TORRAS S., OLIET C., RIGOLA J., PÉREZ-SEGARRA C. D.
• Publication date: 2023/08/21
• Languages : English
• Source: Proceedings of the 26^th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration: Paris , France, August 21-25, 2023.
• Formats : PDF

Recommended by the IIR

A Summary Review on Experimental Studies for PCM Building Applications: Towards Advanced Modular Prototype.

• Author(s) : FARAJ K., KHALED M., FARAJ J., HACHEM F., CASTELAIN C.
• Publication date: 2022/02
• Languages : English
• Source: Energies - vol. 15 - n. 4
• Formats : PDF

Recommended by the IIR

Review of Cryogenic Carbon Capture Innovations and Their Potential Applications.

• Author(s) : FONT-PALMA C., CANN D., UDEMU C.
• Publication date: 2021/09
• Languages : English
• Source: C - Journal of Carbon Research - vol. 7 - n. 3
• Formats : PDF

Numerical performance assessment of heat pumps in Rankine-based Carnot battery systems for grid balancing services.

• Author(s) : TASSENOY R., CRAECKER J. de, SIMIC K., DEMEESTER T., PAEPE M. de, LECOMPTE S.
• Publication date: 2023/05/15
• Languages : English
• Source: 14^th IEA Heat Pump Conference 2023, Chicago, Illinois.
• Formats : PDF

Recommended by the IIR

Seasonal thermal energy storage for large scale district heating.

• Author(s) : REMMELTS J., TENSEN S., FERREIRA C. I.
• Publication date: 2021/08/31
• Languages : English
• Source: 13^th IEA Heat Pump Conference 2021: Heat Pumps – Mission for the Green World. Conference proceedings [full papers]
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Fundamental study about an air conditioner which combined the magnetic refrigeration with humidity regulation system.

• Author(s) : HIRANO N., TANAKA K., TAKAHASHI M., et al.
• Publication date: 2016/09/11
• Languages : English
• Source: 7^th International Conference on Magnetic Refrigeration at Room Temperature (Thermag VII). Proceedings: Turin, Italy, September 11-14, 2016.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Simulating an evaporator field for large-scale air-source heat pumps subjected to frosting and defrosting.

• Author(s) : JENSEN J. K., HANSEN S. O. K., MARKUSSEN W. B.
• Publication date: 2023/08/21
• Languages : English
• Source: Proceedings of the 26^th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration: Paris , France, August 21-25, 2023.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Large scale cooling systems using mains water.

• Author(s) : DAVIES G., MAIDMENT G., PAURINE A., et al.
• Publication date: 2016/08/21
• Languages : English
• Source: 12^th IIR Gustav Lorentzen Conference on Natural Refrigerants (GL2016). Proceedings. Édimbourg, United Kingdom, August 21st-24th 2016.
• Formats : PDF

Two-phase ejectors: a high potential for energy savings

Two review papers recently published in the IJR highlight ejectors as a promising solution to dramatically improve the efficiency of vapour compression refrigeration systems and outline the challenges that...

• Publication date : 2020/11/27

The global refrigeration compressor market

Bien que pénalisé par la pandémie de Covid-19 qui a fortement impacté le secteur du conditionnement d’air, le marché des compresseurs a progressé dans certains domaines tels que la chaîne du froid, l’industrie...

• Publication date : 2021/04/29
• Subjects: Figures, economy

Over 700 LNG stations for road transport in Europe

The Natural & bio Gas Vehicle Association (NGVA Europe) has identified 707 LNG stations in Europe and the European Free Trade Association (EFTA) countries.

• Publication date : 2023/11/10
• Subjects: Figures, economy

Over 650 LNG stations for road transport in Europe

The Natural & bio Gas Vehicle Association (NGVA Europe) has identified 664 LNG stations in Europe and the European Free Trade Association (EFTA) countries.

• Publication date : 2023/04/24
• Subjects: Figures, economy

Juice mission: discovering the icy moons of Jupiter

ESA's Jupiter Icy Moons Explorer (Juice) lifted off on an Ariane 5 rocket on 14 April 2023. This successful launch marks the beginning of an ambitious journey to discover the secrets...

• Publication date : 2023/04/26
• Subjects: Technology

Hydrocarbons as refrigerants in air conditioning

Presentation of several initiatives to develop the use of hydrocarbon refrigerants – especially propane – in air conditioning in India, Indonesia, Ghana, Costa Rica and the Philippines.

• Publication date : 2019/11/29

EU F-gas Consultation Forum: alternatives to fluorinated gases exist for single-split air conditioners

A document published by this forum underlines that it now seems possible to avoid the use of fluorinated gases in new small single split air conditioners by replacing them with propane, unless prohibition...

• Publication date : 2021/01/26
• Subjects: HFCs alternatives

Novel desiccant materials for more energy-efficient AC systems

Teams of researchers at MIT and at Texas A&M University have developed novel desiccant materials that could lead to more energy-efficient and economical room air conditioners and...

• Publication date : 2021/04/28
• Subjects: Technology

India: scenarios for a sustainable development of the refrigeration sector

A recent study shows that an accelerated transition from HFCs to low-GWP refrigerants would allow India to go beyond the requirements of the Kigali Amendment and ensure sustainable...

• Publication date : 2022/09/28
• Subjects: Developing country, HFCs alternatives

Heat pumps : the core technology for sustainable heating

A recent report by the IEA highlights that heat pumps are essential to reducing the use of natural gas for heating, while improving energy security, reducing emissions and ensuring...

• Publication date : 2023/01/26
• Subjects: Environment

Low GWP blends for domestic air conditioning

A review article presents the latest research trends on low GWP refrigerants, mainly HFC/HFO blends, for domestic air conditioning. 

• Publication date : 2023/03/28
• Subjects: HFCs alternatives

World air-conditioning market in 2019

Despite a decline of -0.8% in sales globally, many markets performed well in 2019. Inverter technology and smart air conditioners are steadily gaining ground globally while sales of R32 systems are increasing...

• Publication date : 2020/03/01
• Subjects: Figures, economy

Assessing the market potential of industrial heat pumps in Europe

To address the lack of product development of high temperature heat pumps, a recent article provides manufacturers with an estimate of the industrial heat pump market potential in...

• Publication date : 2021/11/30
• Subjects: Technology, Figures, economy

United States: latest news on HFC regulations

The US Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia has restored restrictions on the transition from ozone-depleting substances to high GWP HFCs.

• Publication date : 2020/04/24
• Subjects: Regulation, HFCs alternatives

Current status and future trends of natural refrigerants in North and South America

Two papers presented at the IIR Gustav Lorentzen Conference perfectly illustrate the interest in natural refrigerants and the obstacles they face in the Americas. 

• Publication date : 2022/09/28
• Subjects: Technology

IIR publishes a new Technical Brief: Domestic heat pumps using hydrocarbons - Current status and market overview in Europe

At a time when the energy transition is at the top of the global agenda, the IIR is publishing a new Technical Brief on domestic hydrocarbon heat pumps. This strategic document...

• Publication date : 2024/11/21

IIR economic news service: the latest from our market report partners

The IIR has established partnerships with several leading market research companies, as well as with establishments that combine and provide detailed reports and global analytical studies on different sectors of the refrigeration or economic...

• Publication date : 2016/12/07

New EU research project BETTED gets underway!

The IIR is one of 10 partners of the new European research project aimed at promoting the energy transition of the dairy value chain.

• Publication date : 2024/03/27

Editorial by Didier Coulomb

June was an important month in the life of the International Institute of Refrigeration Froid (IIR). Its statutory meetings (Publications Sub-Committee, Management Committee, Science and Technology Council, Executive Committee) and its centenary...

• Publication date : 2008/08/11

The Cold Chain: A logistical challenge at the heart of the distribution of the COVID-19 vaccine 

Gérald Cavalier - President of the Science and Technology Council of the International Institute of Refrigeration, President of the French Association of Refrigeration, President of the Cemafroid...

• Publication date : 2020/11/23
• Subjects: General information, Technology

IIR website: consult our courses!

The “Services and expertises” section of the IIR website includes a section on courses and training. The courses are among the most downloaded documents in 2022! 

• Publication date : 2023/02/17
• Subjects: General information

Available - New IIR publication: Technological options for retail refrigeration

Written by several experts from the acclaimed London South Bank University (UK), the International Institute of Refrigeration (IIR) is proud to present the “Technological options for retail refrigeration”.

• Publication date : 2018/11/22

Two IIR Informatory Notes on hot topics

The IIR has recently published two Informatory Notes on high-stakes subjects: flammable refrigerants and the Internet of Things and Artificial Intelligence in refrigeration and air...

• Publication date : 2023/09/22
• Subjects: Technology, HFCs alternatives

In numbers: Your International Journal of Refrigeration

The International Journal of Refrigeration (IJR) may only be one link in a long chain of high-quality scientific information, but its importance is greater than ever.

• Publication date : 2017/10/17

Cryogenic nitrogen in the food and beverage industry

The adoption of cryogenic processes in the food and beverage industry is predominantly driven by liquid nitrogen (LIN), and it is the preferred candidate for food chilling and...

• Last update : 2023/11/07
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Freezing of foodstuffs

Ice cream manufacturing, environmental impact and market data

From a physico-chemical point of view, ice cream is a complex, frozen multiphase mixture. The manufacturing process includes several stages of freezing which are described in this...

• Last update : 2023/06/30
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Ice creams

Environmental impact of the ice cream industry

This summary document describes the environmental impact of ice cream manufacturing, which is mainly due to the energy consumption and refrigerants used.

• Last update : 2022/11/17
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : General information on environment (climate change, ozone depletion…)

Nanorefrigerants

Nanorefrigerants are created by adding nanoparticles in suspension to a base refrigerant. They have a thermal conductivity that is 15% to 104% higher than that of the corresponding...

• Last update : 2022/06/17
• Langues : English, French
• Themes : Nanofluids

Additive manufacturing of regenerators for caloric cooling

In many areas of engineering, additive manufacturing allows the production of complex and multifunctional products that could not be manufactured using traditional methods. In the...

• Last update : 2022/09/16
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Caloric cooling (magnetocaloric, electrocaloric, elastocaloric and barocaloric cooling)

Cold storage conditions for fruits and vegetables

Practical recommendations for the cold storage of over 200 cultivars of fruits, vegetables and herbs (storage temperatures, relative humidity, storage time, controlled atmosphere...

• Last update : 2023/01/16
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Fruit, Vegetables