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IIR document

Development of an innovative raw milk dispenser based on nanofluid technology.

• Author(s) : LONGO G. A., RIGHETTI G., ZILIO C.
• Publication date: 2015/08/16
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Safety, Milk, Prototype, Storage, Expérimentation, Energy saving
• Source: Proceedings of the 24th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration: Yokohama, Japan, August 16-22, 2015.
• Formats : PDF

Effect of the block freeze concentration process in the casein content of skimmed goat milk.

• Author(s) : MACHADO CANELLA M. H., DE BONA M., RODRIGUES LIZ de G., et al.
• Publication date: 2018/06/19
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Casein, Skimmed milk, Goat milk, Expérimentation, Cryoconcentration, Freezing, Concentration
• Source: CYTEF 2018. IX Congreso Ibérico y VII Congreso Iberoamericano de Ciencias y Técnicas del Frío, Valencia, España, 19-21 junio 2018.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Revamping and expansion of milk chilling centre.

• Author(s) : GULANIKAR A. D.
• Publication date: 2019/04/11
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Modernization, Milk, Chilling, R717, Ammonia, India, Case study
• Source: 8^th Conference on Ammonia and CO₂ Refrigeration Technology. Proceedings: Ohrid, North Macedonia, Avril 11-13, 2019.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Performance characterisation of a small milk cooling system with ice storage for PV applications.

• Author(s) : TORRES-TOLEDO V., MEISSNER K., CORONAS A., et al.
• Publication date: 2015/12
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Ice, Milk, Cooling, Storage, Performance, Photovoltaic plant, Solar energy
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 60
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

High-temperature CO2 heat pump integration for milk powder spray drying.

• Author(s) : KONG L., WALMSLEY T. G., CARSON J. K., KLÖPPEL S., SCHLOSSER F., CLELAND D. J.
• Publication date: 2024/08
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Drying, Atom, Milk, Dehydration, CO2, R744, Electricity, Cost, Simulation
• Source: 16^th IIR-Gustav Lorentzen Conference on Natural Refrigerants (GL2024). Proceedings. University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA, August 11-14 2024
• Formats : PDF

Small scale milk processing and preservation in developing countries: the case of Ethiopia; a review.

• Author(s) : BEDRU M., ALEMU D., CORONAS A.
• Publication date: 2016/05/03
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Storage capacity, Pasteurization, Milk, Developing country, Case study, Ethiopia, Solar energy, Storage condition
• Source: CYTEF 2016. VIII Congreso Ibérico y VI Congreso Iberoamericano de las Ciencias y Técnicas del Frío, Coimbra-Portugal, 3-6 mayo, 2016.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

On-farm milk cooling solution based on insulated cans with integrated ice compartment.

• Author(s) : TORRES-TOLEDO V., HACK A., MRABET F., et al.
• Publication date: 2018/06
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Small scale, Milk, Temperature, Cooling, Developing country, Dairy, Farm, Expérimentation, Solar cooling
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 90
• Formats : PDF

Recommended by the IIR / IIR document

Experimental performance analysis of a biogas energy assisted hybrid milk cooling system.

• Author(s) : COSKUN N. Y., ATALAY H., COBAN M. T.
• Publication date: 2023/12
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Dairy industry, Milk cooler, Modelling, Industrial application, Calculation, Hybrid system, Biomass, Energy consumption, Methane, Absorption system, Waste
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - Vol. 156
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Computational model of a PCM heat exchanger for on farm cooling of milk.

• Author(s) : PARK J. Y., FARID M.
• Publication date: 2016/04/07
• Languages : English
• Keywords : New Zealand, Milk, Cooling, Simulation, Performance, PCM, Dairy industry, Heat exchanger
• Source: 4^th IIR International Conference on Sustainability and the Cold Chain. Proceedings: Auckland, New Zealand, April 7-9, 2016.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Improving the energy efficiency and milk quality with CO2 refrigeration systems with heat recovery on New Zealand dairy farms.

• Author(s) : VISSER K.
• Publication date: 2016/04/07
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Refrigerating system, New Zealand, Energy consumption, Milk, Heat recovery, R744, Quality, Dairy industry, CO2
• Source: 4^th IIR International Conference on Sustainability and the Cold Chain. Proceedings: Auckland, New Zealand, April 7-9, 2016.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Analysis of CO2 based refrigeration systems with and without ejector for simultaneous pasteurization and chilling of milk.

• Author(s) : AHAMMED E., BHATTACHARYYA S., RAMGOPAL M.
• Publication date: 2018/11
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Comparison, Milk, Chilling, R744, Performance, Ejector, Transcritical cycle, CO2
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 95
• Formats : PDF

A trans-critical CO2 heat pump system for waste heat utilization in warm weather condition applied to a milk refrigeration plant.

• Author(s) : SINGH S., DASGUPTA M. S.
• Publication date: 2016/07/11
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Milk, R744, Heat pump, Performance, India, Transcritical cycle, Waste heat, Hot climate
• Source: 2016 Purdue Conferences. 16th International Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning Conference at Purdue.
• Formats : PDF

Recommended by the IIR / IIR document

Performance analysis of a CO2 based milk chiller with evaporative cooling arrangement operating in hot climate.

• Author(s) : SINGHA P., VAISHAK S., DASGUPTA M. S., BHATTACHARYYA S., HAFNER A., ELARGA H.
• Publication date: 2023/08/21
• Languages : English
• Keywords : CO2, R744, Transcritical cycle, Evaporative system, Performance, Hot climate, COP, Milk, Dairy industry, Modelling, Simulation, Air cycle, Case study, India
• Source: Proceedings of the 26^th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration: Paris , France, August 21-25, 2023.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Evaluation applicability of trans-critical CO2 refrigeration system using field data of an ammonia based plant.

• Author(s) : SINGH S., DASGUPTA M. S.
• Publication date: 2016/08/21
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Refrigerating system, Milk, R744, Performance, Modelling, Transcritical cycle
• Source: 12^th IIR Gustav Lorentzen Conference on Natural Refrigerants (GL2016). Proceedings. Édimbourg, United Kingdom, August 21st-24th 2016.
• Formats : PDF

Cold chain requirement for value added dairy products.

• Author(s) : MANGLANI K.
• Publication date: 2016/03
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Generality, Cold chain, Milk, Dairy product, India
• Source: Cold Chain - vol. 7 - n. 1. Suppl.
• Formats : PDF

Tetra Pak works on smart milk cartons

Tetra Pak is developing a smart carton that will alert consumers when milk is past its best consumption.

• Publication date : 2012/09/11

Out of ordinary: Cool Cows Produce More Milk

Cows placed in air-conditioned conditions have been shown to produce 10% more milk. It is also claimed that cows suffer from heat stress at temperatures as low as 22°C. This puts particular pressure on cows raised in hot places such as Israel, but...

• Publication date : 2007/02/12

Instant milk-cooling system utilising propane and either ice slurry or traditional ice bank

This paper was presented at the IIR Gustav Lorentzen Conference in Glasgow (Sep. 2004). Two novel milk-cooling concepts have been designed and installed at two Danish farms. These systems have a respective capacity of 14 400 and 16 000 litres of...

• Publication date : 2004/11/24

New milk refrigeration system in rural India.

In rural India, the dairy industry is very vulnerable to spoilage because of the poorly developed cold supply chain.

• Publication date : 2015/03/20

Sub-Saharan milk cooler project awarded USD 1 million

A University of Georgia engineer received USD 1 million to continue working on a milk cooler designed to help dairy farmers, particularly those in sub-Saharan Africa, who lack access to refrigeration.

• Publication date : 2014/03/18

Rapid low-temperature process adds weeks to milk's shelf life

A rapid heating and cooling of milk significantly reduces the amount of harmful bacteria present, extending by several weeks the shelf life of milk, according to a Purdue University study.

• Publication date : 2016/09/06

A new solar-powered milk cooling system could benefit small-scale dairy farmers

Researchers from the University of Hohenheim studied a solar milk cooling system which was tested in Tunisia and could be implemented in Kenya.

• Publication date : 2018/06/22

Energy savings in a milk plant through permanent magnet speed motors (en français)

A Belgian milk plant reduces by 18 to 21% the necessary energy for cooling through permanent magnet speed motors. (en français)

• Publication date : 2016/09/09

European seminar on CO2 at the University of Milan

Centro Studi Galileo, collective member of the IIR, will organize on Saturday November 27, 2004, together with the Centre of research for Environmental and Manufacturing Studies of the University of Milan, a European seminar on CO2, with the...

• Publication date : 2004/11/12

CERN milestone

CERN, the European Organization for Nuclear Research and a corporate member of the IIR, has announced that an important milestone was reached in August 2005 with the installation of the two largest magnets ever built for experiments at CERN. On...

• Publication date : 2005/10/26

New nature-mimicking freeze-casting technique

US DOE L. Berkeley Lab researchers have developed a nature-mimicking bidirectional freeze-casting technique that enables them to design and create strong, tough, porous and lightweight materials with applications in the medical sector

• Publication date : 2016/08/23
• Subjects: Technology

Kenya : Alternative energy supplies to refrigerate food

Annually, 95 million liters of milk is lost in Kenya due to lack of refrigeration.

• Publication date : 2016/03/15

Vegan ice creams

Vegan ice cream, made without milk, become trendy.

• Publication date : 2018/04/17

The US ice cream industry

According to the International Dairy Foods Association, about 9% of the milk produced by US dairy farmers is used to produce ice cream.

• Publication date : 2014/07/09
• Subjects: Figures, economy

Chilled water cooling pads to reduce heat stress in pigs

A team of scientists at Purdue university in the USA has developed cooling pads to keep pigs cool and reduce the impact of heat stress on milk output and piglet...

• Publication date : 2023/11/28
• Subjects: Technology

Obituary: Liudmila Akimova

The IIR mourns the death of Mrs Liudmila Akimova.

• Publication date : 2023/01/26

International events: Milan

The 13th European Conference on the latest technologies in refrigeration and air conditioning took place on June 12-13, 2009 in Milan, Italy. This bilingual (English-Italian) conference was organized by Centro Studi Galileo with the participation...

• Publication date : 2009/08/13

International events: Milan

Delegates of IIR and REHVA last June discussed the idea of a workshop on the refurbishment of existing buildings and AICARR (the Italian Association of Air Conditioning Heating and Refrigerating) agreed to organize an initial workshop involving...

• Publication date : 2009/02/24

Corporate Members: news

- Danfoss has experienced booming sales 18% growth over the first three quarters of 2007. Sales reached 2.2 billion €. Growth in China and Latin America was particularly positive and end of year sales are expected to top 3 billion €.

• Publication date : 2008/02/12

BETTED: a new IIR EU funded project

This project aims to promote the energy transition of the dairy value chain. The kick-off meeting is scheduled for March 11-12 in Brussels (Belgium).

• Publication date : 2024/01/26

Enhancing dairy sector efficiency through BETTED training

In December 2024, the IIR, Cemafroid, and other partners participated in the pilot training webinar hosted by BETTED, a key milestone in the project’s mission to promote energy...

• Publication date : 2025/01/28
• Subjects: General information

Policy brief available to download: Developing the cold chain in the agrifood sector in sub-Saharan Africa

A focus on the importance of the cold chain in reducing post-harvest losses

• Publication date : 2016/02/17

Newsletter INDEE+ | September 2023

The latest news on the INDEE+ project.

• Publication date : 2023/09/22

The 21st European Conference on RACHP technologies is just around the corner

The 21st edition of the European Conference RACHP, co-organised by UNEP, IIR, and Centro Studi Galileo, will take place in Milano on June 12-13, 2025.

• Publication date : 2025/04/23
• Subjects: Technology

IIR takes part in RACHP European Conference

The 20th European RACHP Conference of Centro Studi Galileo was held in Milan at the beginning of June. The IIR presented the women in cooling brochure and held a booth to promote the projects ENOUGH...

• Publication date : 2023/06/28

The Mostra Convegno exhibition

In March 2018 the IIR participated in one of the biggest exhibitions on refrigeration technologies, Mostra Convegno, which took place, as always, in Milan.

• Publication date : 2018/04/19

New IIR Working Group: whole-body cryotherapy or cryostimulation

During the IIR Science and Technology Council meeting on June 15, 2017, a new IIR Working Group (WG) on “Whole-body cryotherapy or cryostimulation” was officially created.

• Publication date : 2017/07/12

Press release: IIR launches new Working Group on “Whole-body cryotherapy or cryostimulation”

During the International Institute of Refrigeration (IIR) Science and Technology Council meeting on June 15, 2017, a new IIR Working Group on “Whole-body cryotherapy or cryostimulation” was officially created.

• Publication date : 2017/07/26

The IIR worldwide (June 2019)

Focus on the latest IIR interventions around the world.

• Publication date : 2019/06/28

Past events: The IIR around the world, August and September 2024

A look back at the IIR’s latest events during conferences (Gustav Lorentzen, Thermag, Compressors) and during sponsored vents (CHPC).

• Publication date : 2024/10/07

Ice cream manufacturing, environmental impact and market data

From a physico-chemical point of view, ice cream is a complex, frozen multiphase mixture. The manufacturing process includes several stages of freezing which are described in this...

• Last update : 2023/06/30
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Ice creams

Global HFC emissions from the refrigeration sector

This table shows HFC emissions from the refrigeration sector – including air conditioning – in million tonnes of CO2 equivalent for about 40 countries that are signatories...

• Last update : 2022/01/20
• Langues : English
• Themes : General information on environment (climate change, ozone depletion…)

Additive manufacturing of regenerators for caloric cooling

In many areas of engineering, additive manufacturing allows the production of complex and multifunctional products that could not be manufactured using traditional methods. In the...

• Last update : 2022/09/16
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Caloric cooling (magnetocaloric, electrocaloric, elastocaloric and barocaloric cooling)

Cryogenics in the pharmaceutical industry: drug design and bioavailability improvement

Research activities in the pharmaceutical sector focus primarily on developing novel drug formulations which can elicit the desired response upon being administered to the patient...

• Last update : 2023/03/10
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Freeze-drying in biology and medicine, Cryobiology, cryomedicine: general information