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IIR document

Simulation and application study of VRV system in office building.

• Author(s) : ZHAO D., ZHONG M., ZHANG X.
• Publication date: 2015/08/16
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Variable volume, Office, Energy consumption, Building, Simulation, Refrigerant
• Source: Proceedings of the 24th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration: Yokohama, Japan, August 16-22, 2015.
• Formats : PDF

Design of experiments for learning personalized visual preferences of occupants in private offices.

• Author(s) : AWALGAONKAR N. M., XIONG J., BILIONIS I., et al.
• Publication date: 2018/07/09
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Office, Design, Modelling, Window, Lighting
• Source: 2018 Purdue Conferences. 5^th International High Performance Buildings Conference at Purdue.
• Formats : PDF

Towards real MPC implementation in an office building using TACO.

• Author(s) : LIU J., YANG X., MENG X., et al.
• Publication date: 2018/07/09
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Office, Building, Automation, Control (automatic), Optimization, Air conditioning, Heating
• Source: 2018 Purdue Conferences. 5^th International High Performance Buildings Conference at Purdue.
• Formats : PDF

An efficient method for learning personalized thermal preference profiles in office spaces.

• Author(s) : LEE S., KARAVA P., TZEMPELIKOS A., et al.
• Publication date: 2018/07/09
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Office, Individual cooling, Building, Temperature, Modelling, Expérimentation, Thermal comfort
• Source: 2018 Purdue Conferences. 5^th International High Performance Buildings Conference at Purdue.
• Formats : PDF

Model predictive control of a radiant floor cooling system in an office space.

• Author(s) : JOE J., KARAVA P., HOU X., et al.
• Publication date: 2016/07/11
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Office, Floor, Building, Control (automatic), Simulation, Prediction, Model
• Source: 2016 Purdue Conferences. 4^th International High Performance Buildings Conference at Purdue.
• Formats : PDF

Analysis on operation characteristics of air conditioning system of office buildings.

• Author(s) : DING Y., LIU X., TANG H.
• Publication date: 2016
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Office, Energy consumption, Electricity, China, Building, Statistics, Case study, Air conditioning

Recommended by the IIR

Thermal comfort improvement by personalized evaporative systems in offices.

• Author(s) : TEJERO GONZÁLEZ A., IGLESIAS PORDOMINGO A., RODRIGUEZ HERNANDEZ A., SAN JOSE MARTIN A., VELASCO GÓMEZ E.
• Publication date: 2020/11/11
• Languages : Spanish
• Keywords : Energy efficiency, Thermal comfort, Air conditioning, Office, Air quality, Evaporative system, Expérimentation, Individual cooling
• Source: X Congreso Ibérico y VIII Congreso Iberoamericano de Ciencias y Técnicas del Frío, CYTEF 2020.
• Formats : PDF

Performance analysis of an office space HVAC system: a case study.

• Author(s) : ADHIKARY P., IQBAL F., SADRI R., et al.
• Publication date: 2018/07/27
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Velocity (fluids, gases), Office, CFD, Turbulence, Temperature, Air flow, Prediction, Pressure, Air conditioning
• Source: Proceedings of the International Conference on Emerging Technologies for Sustainable and Intelligent HVAC&R Systems, Kolkata, July 27-28 2018.
• Formats : PDF

Comparison and analysis of combined cooling and heating schemes of an office building.

[In Chinese. / En chinois.]

• Author(s) : QIAO L., LIANG M.
• Publication date: 2014/07
• Languages : Chinese
• Keywords : Office, Comparison, Building, Chiller, Air conditioning, Heating
• Source: HV & AC - vol. 44 - n. 292
• Formats : PDF

Comparison of effect of office level and individual equipment diversity factor on load factor calculation.

• Author(s) : SARFRAZ O., BACH C. K.
• Publication date: 2018/07/09
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Office, Energy consumption, Electricity, Calculation, Building, Equipment, Thermal load
• Source: 2018 Purdue Conferences. 5^th International High Performance Buildings Conference at Purdue.
• Formats : PDF

Zimní provoz klimatizacních systému v nových administrativních budovách.

Winter operation of air conditioning systems in new office buildings.

• Author(s) : LAIN M.
• Publication date: 2016/06
• Languages : Czech
• Keywords : Winter, Office, Ventilation, Heat recovery, Energy saving, Air conditioning, Heating
• Source: Vytápení Vetrání Instalace - vol. 25 - n. 3
• Formats : PDF

Poredenje modela poslovnog objekta sa energetskog i ekološkog aspekta.

Comparison of office building models from energy and environmental aspects.

• Author(s) : KRSTIC-FURUNDZIC A., KOSIC T.
• Publication date: 2014/12/03
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Office, Energy consumption, Building, Design, Cooling, Model, Environment, Energy efficiency, Heating
• Source: Zbornik radova. 45. Medunarodnikongres i izložba o grejanju hladenju i klimatizaciji./ Proceedings. 45th International congress and exhibition on heating, refrigeration and air conditioning (HVAC&R).
• Formats : PDF

A review on adaptive thermal comfort of office building for energy-saving building design.

• Author(s) : LAMSAL P., BAJRACHARYA S. B., RIJAL H. B.
• Publication date: 2023/02
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Energy saving, Office, Building, Review, Indoor environment, Natural ventilation, Thermal comfort
• Source: Energies - vol. 16 - n. 3
• Formats : PDF

Parametric study and energy balances of an office building in Tunis with eQuest software

• Author(s) : KATEB T., ZIED GANNAR M.
• Publication date: 2016/03/24
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Thermal analysis, Office, Energy consumption, Building, Tunisia, Simulation, Insulation, Air conditioning
• Source: 1st International Refrigeration, Energy and Environment Colloquium. Proceedings: Hammamet, Tunisia, March 24-27, 2016.
• Formats : PDF

Exploration of intelligent HVAC operation strategies for office buildings.

• Author(s) : LIU X.
• Publication date: 2020
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Energy consumption, Energy efficiency, Solar energy, Commercial building, Thermal comfort, Heat pump, Heating, Air conditioning, Machine learning, Office, Modelling
• Formats : PDF

Penguins, offices and seafood

Who has created a penguin environment at San Diego's Seaworld, ice thermal-storage systems for office towers in Japan and seafood preservation systems for a large Chilean producer? The answer is Sunwell Technologies Inc., a Canadian firm...

• Publication date : 2005/07/19

Gender disparity in air-conditioned offices?

According to a recent article published in Nature Climate Change, standards were developed in the 1960’s and are based on the resting metabolic rates of a 40 year old man who weighs 70 kgs.

• Publication date : 2015/08/13
• Subjects: Regulation

HCFC phase-out and HFC phase-down discussed by African Ozone Officers (en anglais)

At the end of March 2017, fifty National Ozone Officers met in Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire, to review challenges related to the phase-out of HCFCs and the phase-down of HFCs.

• Publication date : 2017/04/06
• Subjects: Developing country, Regulation, HFCs alternatives

Inadequate office temperature may cost the UK economy 15,7bn € annually

A new survey suggests around 2% of office hours are wasted due to the temperature alone, potentially costing the UK economy an estimated €15,7bn annually.

• Publication date : 2014/04/23

In UK, 70% of office workers complain of poor IAQ

Almost 70% of office workers in UK believe poor air quality in their place of work is having a negative effect on their day-to-day productivity and well-being.

• Publication date : 2016/09/05

Heat pump and ice storage for heating and cooling an energy neutral German office building

Schnepf, a German company, has designed its new 2,500 m2 office building with an innovative energy concept, combining ice storage, a heat pump and solar energy.

• Publication date : 2018/05/09

A semi-hermetic ammonia heat pump for heating and cooling an office complex

An innovative semi-hermetic ammonia heat pump for heating and cooling 40,000 m2 of apartments and business premises was recently installed in Eindhoven, the Netherlands.

• Publication date : 2018/12/27

The tax on HFCs officially adopted in France

French tax on HFCs, officially adopted on December 30, 2018, will enter into force in 2021. Companies can already get a 40% income tax discount if they use alternatives to HFCs.

• Publication date : 2019/01/31
• Subjects: Regulation, HFCs alternatives

Africa’s first concentrating solar cooling system

Mobile telecommunications company MTN has launched Africa’s first Concentrating Solar Cooling System in its Head office in Johannesburg.

• Publication date : 2014/09/30

Arkema and Honeywell dismiss one of the claims in their suit

One of the items in a legal battle over patents relative to HFO-1234yf has been dismissed while the patent is under review by the US Patent and Trademark Office.

• Publication date : 2012/03/19

Italy limits air conditioning to 25°C

The country has set a limit on air conditioning in schools, post offices and other public buildings. The temperature cannot be lower than 25°C from May 1, 2022. 

• Publication date : 2022/05/27

The HVAC&R market in the EMEA region in 2015

Eurovent Market Intelligence (EMI), the European Statistics Office for the HVAC&R market, has just published the results of its studies on 2015 sales in the Europe, Middle East and Africa (EMEA) region, based on the data collected from a large...

• Publication date : 2016/12/06
• Subjects: Figures, economy

ASHRAE publishes the Energy Standard 90.4 for Data Centers

Data centers consume significant amounts of electricity. ASHRAE publishes a standard to help builders focus on energy efficiency.

• Publication date : 2017/02/09

PCM thermal energy storage for indoor environments

During the IIR PCM 2018 conference which took place on May 21-23 in Orford, Canada, numerous applications of phase-change materials (PCMs) and slurries were presented, including in commercial refrigeration (refrigerated display cabinets), domestic...

• Publication date : 2018/06/22

Solar-powered modular facade capable of cooling and heating a building

In Germany, researchers are testing a modular solar-powered facade that includes a mini heat pump for heating and cooling, and a decentralised ventilation unit with heat...

• Publication date : 2022/02/07
• Subjects: Technology

The IIR is seeking an Information Officer

The IIR is seeking an Information Officer for its Scientific and Technical Information Department comprising 4 persons. The position is available immediately.

• Publication date : 2013/03/05

IIR actively involved in the French-speaking African edition of the Twinning Workshops for Montreal Protocol officers, energy policymakers and finance officials

Officials from 21 French-speaking African countries gathered in Tunis for the third Twinning Workshops, focusing on sustainable refrigeration and energy efficiency. Souhir Hammami and Marco Duran from the...

• Publication date : 2024/10/25
• Subjects: Environment

Join our training course and officially become a new Ambassador for clean cooling and heating!

Experts and representatives from three sister projects in different regions of the world: ENOUGH in Europe, INDEE+ in India and ACES in Africa are arranging a free one-hour training course on clean cooling and...

• Publication date : 2023/06/30
• Subjects: HFCs alternatives, Environment

UN Environment OzonAction and the IIR collaborate on the cold chain

On January 16, 2018, the IIR organised a side event dedicated to the cold chain at the First Inter-Regional Thematic Technical Workshops and Regional Network Meetings for National Ozone Officers, during which IIR experts presented five Cold Chain...

• Publication date : 2018/01/24

IIR/UNEP Cold Chain Technology Brief on Vaccines

The IIR and the UN Environment programme have jointly developed the cold chain technology brief on vaccines dedicated to government National Ozone Officers, policy makers, and refrigeration stakeholders. The...

• Publication date : 2021/09/08

REAL Alternatives: blended Learning for Alternative Refrigerants

Last week the REAL Alternatives Europe programme partners met at IIR head offices to elaborate plans to translate the e-learning project into more languages.

• Publication date : 2015/06/23

The IIR is seeking a Communication Manager

The IIR is seeking for its head office in Paris preferably a English-mother-tongue Communication Manager, with fluent French, who will manage the IIR’s communication policy and conferences.

• Publication date : 2013/03/05

The IIR is seeking a Deputy Director

The IIR is seeking for its head office in Paris a Deputy Director, with a scientific and technical background. The candidate should be a very good English and French speaker.

• Publication date : 2013/03/05

The IIR and UNEP release a Cold Chain Technology Brief on Vaccines

The International Institute of Refrigeration (IIR) and the UN Environment Programme partnered in the development of a cold chain technology brief on vaccines dedicated to government National Ozone Officers,...

• Publication date : 2021/09/24
• Subjects: Technology

The International Journal of Refrigeration (IJR)

The IJR is the most important scientific journal in the field of refrigeration technology. It is a co-publication of Elsevier and the IIR. Eight issues are published each year, with over 15 articles per issue. Certain issues are totally or...

• Publication date : 2006/07/26

Conference update: Sofia

The 9th IIR Conference on Phase-Change Materials and Slurries for Refrigeration and Air Conditioning will be held on September 29-October 1, 2010 in Sofia, Bulgaria. Keep updated and check out deadlines:

• Publication date : 2010/05/27

Visit: Lebanon

In December, 2004, Mr Michel Afram, Managing Director of LARI (Lebanese Agricultural Research Institute, a Corporate Member of the IIR), with three members of the Board of LARI, and Mr Fares Charbel, Delegate of Lebanon to the IIR, visited the...

• Publication date : 2005/02/11

Klaus Timmerhaus has died

The IIR is saddened by the death of Dr Klaus Timmerhaus, a distinguished IIR officer. Klaus Timmerhaus was former President of the IIR's General Conference and Head of Section A, Cryology and gas processing. The IIR extends its sincere sympathy to...

• Publication date : 2011/02/15

Upcoming conferences: Sofia

The 9th IIR Conference on Phase-Change Materials and Slurries for Refrigeration and Air Conditioning will be held on September 29-October 1, 2010 in Sofia, Bulgaria. Check out the draft programme and register now so you make sure you don't miss...

• Publication date : 2011/02/04

Briefs: Prof. Eckhard Groll

ASHRAE installed new officers and directors at its 2010 Annual Meeting held in Albuquerque, New Mexico, on June 26-30, 2010. Prof. Eckhard Groll (Purdue University) was installed as Director-at-Large to ASHRAE's Board of Directors and will...

• Publication date : 2011/02/07

For IIR members only

Global cold storage capacity

This table presents the cold storage capacity in about 50 countries, based on data from the Global Cold Chain Alliance (GCCA).

• Last update : 2021/12/06
• Langues : English
• Themes : Refrigerated storage: economics and statistics

Environmental impact of the ice cream industry

This summary document describes the environmental impact of ice cream manufacturing, which is mainly due to the energy consumption and refrigerants used.

• Last update : 2022/11/17
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : General information on environment (climate change, ozone depletion…)

Cryogenics in the pharmaceutical industry: drug design and bioavailability improvement

Research activities in the pharmaceutical sector focus primarily on developing novel drug formulations which can elicit the desired response upon being administered to the patient...

• Last update : 2023/03/10
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Freeze-drying in biology and medicine, Cryobiology, cryomedicine: general information

Ice cream manufacturing, environmental impact and market data

From a physico-chemical point of view, ice cream is a complex, frozen multiphase mixture. The manufacturing process includes several stages of freezing which are described in this...

• Last update : 2023/06/30
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Ice creams

Additive manufacturing of regenerators for caloric cooling

In many areas of engineering, additive manufacturing allows the production of complex and multifunctional products that could not be manufactured using traditional methods. In the...

• Last update : 2022/09/16
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Caloric cooling (magnetocaloric, electrocaloric, elastocaloric and barocaloric cooling)