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IIR document
Experimental error in large scale cooling operations.
Dynamic analysis of large-scale transfer operations for liquid hydrogen.
Operating performances of a space heating ASHP unit with a foul outdoor coil following a prolonged cooling operation.
Modeling and optimal operation of high performance building with integrated phase change materials.
Frozen Vegetable Processing Plants Can Harbour Diverse Listeria monocytogenes Populations: Identification of Critical Operations by WGS.
In-situ method for air-to-air heat pump seasonal performance determination including steady-state and dynamic operations.
Operation and maintenance of evaporative coolers.
A one-dimensional model of a jet-ejector in critical double choking operation with R134a as a refrigerant including real gas effects.
Energy efficient approach for operating rooms.
Recommended by the IIR / IIR document
Assessment of key risk factors in the cold chain logistics operations of container carriers using best worst method.
Updated performance and operating characteristics of a novel rotating spool compressor.
Investigations of Chinese cabbage cold storage chamber operation.
Achieving a running cost saving with a cabinet refrigerator incorporating a phase change material by the scheduling optimisation of its cyclic operations.
Comparison of performance of a vapor absorption refrigeration system operating with some hydrofluorocarbons and hydrofluoroolefins as refrigerants along with ionic liquid [hmim][TF2N] as the absorbent.
Robust operation of net-zero and positive energy buildings with energy cost minimization.
Refrigeration sector monitoring
654 results
District cooling in Gulf Cooperation Council countries
The Gulf Cooperation Council is the second largest district cooling market after the Americas with a total installed capacity of 4.1 MN RT (14,500 MW).
New combined refrigerated transport operation in France
A dairy product company, Yéo frais, and Stef, a logistics company, are launching a combined rail/road refrigerated transport route.
France: operators will have to inform their clients regarding the CO2 impact of each transport operation
Transport accounted for 33.7% of CO2 emissions in France in 2010, making the transport sector a major emitter of greenhouse gases. However, emissions vary according to the distance and the type of transport used. In order to promote the most...
Illegal HFC trade: EIA calls for the implementation of a fully functional licensing system
EIA’s analysis of 2018 customs data suggests that as much as 16.3 million tonnes of CO2 equivalent of bulk HFCs were illegally placed on the market in 2018.
Over 600 LNG-fuelled ships currently in operation
According to the maritime classification and consultancy company DNV, 2024 saw a record increase in orders of alternative-fuelled ships, mostly powered by LNG and...
Evaluating lubricants for lower GWP refrigerant compressor operation.
Summary of an interesting paper from the recent Purdue conference.
Design and operation of district heating and cooling systems supplied by renewable energy sources
A report published by the European Commission analyses 8 efficient district heating and cooling systems in different Member States.
Improving cooling towers' efficiency
An article published in Water Technology provides information on cooling towers and their operation.
Illegal HFC trade: over 344 tonnes of seized ODS and HFCs
Led by the World Customs Organization (WCO) in collaboration with 17 national customs administrations, operation DEMETER X resulted in 99 Montreal Protocol related seizures in the...
Accelerated deployment of LNG import facilities in Europe
To cope with the drop in natural gas imports from Russia, some 25 new floating storage and regasification units should be installed in the European Union, with the first...
Bahrain joins global effort against climate change as 160th country to ratify the Kigali Amendment
Bahrain is now the second Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) country to ratify the Kigali Amendment, following the United Arab Emirates.
Latest figures on LNG-fuelled fleet growth
As of April 2024, DNV reported 535 LNG-fuelled vessels in operation worldwide and over 500 more vessels on order.
European Commission questions Honeywell/DuPont R1234yf collaboration
On October 21, 2014, the European Commission has sent a Statement of Objections to Honeywell and DuPont regarding cooperation on new refrigerant used in car air-conditioning systems.
Solar perspectives for cooling in the Gulf
Air conditioning is claimed to account for 60% of the energy consumption in Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries, and various options for lowering the air-conditioning energy demand are being considered.
New port terminal in Rotterdam
A group of companies recently announced in the presence of the Dutch Minister of Economic Affairs, Agriculture that a new port primarily dedicated to the storage, transfer and transportation of foodstuffs is to be operational in Rotterdam in 2014.
IIR news
286 results
The IIR supports operational and economic missions in Madagascar
IIR interventions and recommendations will focus on the mission’s aspects which are related to the food cold chain, including offshore fishery and continental aquaculture among others.
AGRI-COOL consortium meeting in Vicenza: First operational demonstrator commissioned
On 10–11 June 2025, the partners of the European AGRI-COOL project gathered in Vicenza, Italy, for the project’s annual consortium meeting, marking a key milestone: the commissioning of the very first fully...
European Food Survey to decarbonise industrial operations
The ENOUGH project invites European food operators to complete a short survey on the advancements and potential for achieving the net-zero emissions target.
News from IIR members: Cemafroid
Cemafroid and the National Centre for Cold chain Development (NCCD) have signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) within framework of cooperation in the cold-chain field in India.
New IIR Informatory Note on thermal energy storage systems
IIR’s latest Informatory Note demonstrates that a well-designed TES system can reduce energy consumption through more efficient equipment operation and lower investment costs, thus reducing the equipment...
Cooling data centres: A major economic challenge
Larger data centres can use a staggering amount of energy just to ensure the day-to-day running of electronic equipment. As a result, these data centres can produce a great deal of heat, which require large-scale cooling systems in order to...
World Ozone Day 2025 - 40 Years of Global Commitment
Join the International Institute for Refrigeration (IIR) in supporting the Ozone Secretariat on World Ozone Day 2025 marking the 40th anniversary of the Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer....
INDEE+ Project: Norwegian R744 condensing units arrived in India for educational purposes
Three R744 condensing units were sent to India by Prof. Armin Hafner (NTNU, Norway) to educate Indian institutions, end-users and vendors on clean cooling technologies, with the aim of helping India meet...
Statement from IIR Director General at MOP37
Statement delivered by Dr. Yosr Allouche, IIR Director General, on November 7, 2025 at MOP37, in Nairobi, Kenya.
MOP37 Highlights
The 37th meeting of the Conference of the Parties to the Montreal Protocol (MOP37) were held in Nairobi, Kenya from 1 November to 7 November 2025.
Walk-In Cold Rooms: A Practitioner’s Technical Guide
In many developing countries, agriculture is crucial to livelihoods, and developing the cold chain from field to table can boost incomes and stimulate economic growth. Cold stores are an essential link in the...
Conference update: Amsterdam
With "Explore the future: Green, lean, and cost-effective cold storage and distribution operations" as theme, the 12th European Cold Chain Logistics Education Program & Trade Show is to be held on January 26-27, 2009 in Amsterdam. This event...
South Korea joins Horizon Europe
South Korea, an active IIR member country, is the first Asian country outside Europe to officially join the EU’s research and innovation programme, Horizon Europe, from 2025.
Call for abstracts ends October 10: LNG2023, “Fuelling a Secure Energy Future”
LNG2023 is the largest and most significant global LNG industry conference and exhibition, occurring once every three years!
LNG2023: Call for abstracts extended to October 24!
A two-week extension has now been confirmed to ensure LNG2023 does not miss hearing from some key industry voices. Don’t miss the new call for abstracts deadline of October 24, 2022!
Encyclopedia of Refrigeration
8 results
Liquefied Natural Gas: production process and cold energy recovery
Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is natural gas that has been cooled to about -160 °C and turned into a liquid to facilitate transportation and storage. A typical LNG supply chain...
Cryogenic nitrogen in the food and beverage industry
The adoption of cryogenic processes in the food and beverage industry is predominantly driven by liquid nitrogen (LIN), and it is the preferred candidate for food chilling and...
Environmental impact of the ice cream industry
This summary document describes the environmental impact of ice cream manufacturing, which is mainly due to the energy consumption and refrigerants used.
Ice cream manufacturing, environmental impact and market data
From a physico-chemical point of view, ice cream is a complex, frozen multiphase mixture. The manufacturing process includes several stages of freezing which are described in this...
André Lebon
André Lebon (1859 – 1938). Membre fondateur de l’Association Internationale du Froid puis de l’Institut International du Froid
Cold storage conditions for fruits and vegetables
Practical recommendations for the cold storage of over 200 cultivars of fruits, vegetables and herbs (storage temperatures, relative humidity, storage time, controlled atmosphere...
Additive manufacturing of regenerators for caloric cooling
In many areas of engineering, additive manufacturing allows the production of complex and multifunctional products that could not be manufactured using traditional methods. In the...
For IIR members only
Heat pump stock in Europe
This table presents the stock of installed heat pumps, the CO2 emissions avoided and the number of jobs in the heat pump sector in Europe.
Events
3 results
Other event
21st International Conference & Exhibition on Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG2026)
February 02, 2026 - February 05, 2026
Doha, Qatar
Register...
Find out more
15th IEA Heat Pump Conference
May 26, 2026 - May 29, 2026
Vienna, Austria
Join the 15th IEA Heat Pump Conference, which will take place in Vienna, Austria,from May 26-29, 2026! The 15th IEA Heat Pump Conference, co-sponsored by IIR,...
IIR event
17th IIR-Gustav Lorentzen Conference on Natural Refrigerants (GL 2026)
August 23, 2026 - August 26, 2026
Hamilton, New Zealand
Submit your abstract! With the increasing need for global warming countermeasures, natural working fluids have become a clear vector to reducing the CO2 footprint of...
