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  • HFCs: diverging opinions regarding phase-out/phase-down

    A report prepared by Michael Kauffeld for the Environmental Investigation Agency (EIA) outlines a timetable specifying dates by which the use of HFCs could be banned in new equipment for each refrigeration and air-conditioning sub-sector, with a...

    • Publication date : 2012/09/06
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  • The HCFC phase-out challenge

    - The Montreal Protocol (MP) is unanimously considered as a resounding success of the international community. As of 2006, according to UNEP, the 191 Parties which have ratified the MP have reduced their consumption of ozone-depleting...

    • Publication date : 2008/02/12
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  • Briefs: phase-out of HCFCs

    The December 31, 2009 deadline for the phase-out of HCFCs is expected to generate important problems in many countries: - In the US, no HCFC-22 can be produced or imported for use in refrigerating equipment manufactured after December 31, 2009....

    • Publication date : 2009/12/09
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  • HCFC phase-out in Russia.

    At the 7th edition of Climate World Expo (Mir Klimata), the United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) prepared HVAC&R experts for HCFC phase-out in Russia. Ammonia is actively promoted by UNIDO through various industry-led...

    • Publication date : 2011/06/09
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  • HCFC phase-out is moving forward

    China launched in December 2011 the HCFC Phase-Out Management Plan (HPMP), a USD 270 million project for complete phase-out of use of HCFCs by January 2015.

    • Publication date : 2012/07/26
    • Subjects: Regulation
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  • The HCFC phase-out challenge (3)

    The decision taken in September 2007 by the signatory countries of the Montreal Protocol to accelerate by 10 years the HCFC phase-out schedule entered into force and became binding to all Parties on May 14, 2008 (see the official notification:

    • Publication date : 2008/08/12
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  • The HCFC phase-out challenge (2)

    - Following the decision taken in September 2007 by the signatory countries of the Montreal Protocol to accelerate by 10 years the phase-out schedule of HCFCs, the IIR has decided to have a regular section in the Newsletter dedicated to this...

    • Publication date : 2008/05/13
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  • Cuban plans for HCFC phase-out

    Over 130 tons or R12 and R22 stored in Cuba will be destroyed thanks to the establishment of a refrigerant treatment plant in the second half of 2012. Located at Sibanicu Cement Factory in Sancti Spiritus, Cuba, the plant is to use Japanese...

    • Publication date : 2012/02/14
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  • The HCFC phase-out challenge (4)

    The results of a recent study* sponsored by the refrigerants manufacturer DuPont show that 65% of refrigerating plants in 9 key European Union markets were still using HCFC refrigerants 18 months before the ban on use of virgin HCFCs in EU...

    • Publication date : 2008/10/25
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  • Phase change materials in domestic fridges

    The application of phase-change materials (PCMs) in domestic refrigerators could be a novel solution to improve appliance thermal stability and efficiency.

    • Publication date : 2014/05/05
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  • China’s plans to accelerate HCFC phase out

    Through the HCFC Phase-out Management Plan (HPMP), 45 000 metric tonnes of HCFCs are to be eliminated

    • Publication date : 2012/04/22
    • Subjects: Regulation
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  • Rio+20: support for HFC phase-down

    In their final declaration, the Heads of State and Government and high-level representatives of 191 countries who met in June in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, for the UN Conference on Sustainable Development (“Rio+20”) have provided support of an HFC...

    • Publication date : 2012/09/06
    • Subjects: Regulation
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  • Bangladesh: phase-out of CFCs in motion

    The national ODS Phase-out Plan (NPP) received a boost in April 2005 in Bangladesh following the procurement of 9000 kits by the government in the launch of a programme by the Department of Environment (DoE) to convert refrigerators running on...

    • Publication date : 2005/09/30
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  • Phase-change materials result in huge cost savings

    Phase-change materials (PCMs) are being used in a new building for the molecular engineering department of the University of Washington, in Seattle. The 7150 m² building has PCMs encapsulated in its wall and ceiling panels, and the expectation is...

    • Publication date : 2012/08/14
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  • Potential for an HFC phase-down in Europe

    A recent report by SKM ENVIROS carried out on behalf of EPEE has investigated the potential costs and the reduced greenhouse gas emissions from an HFC consumption phase-down on the EU refrigeration, air-conditioning and heat pump (RAC) markets.

    • Publication date : 2013/02/27
    • Subjects: Regulation
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  • Ice cream manufacturing, environmental impact and market data

    From a physico-chemical point of view, ice cream is a complex, frozen multiphase mixture. The manufacturing process includes several stages of freezing which are described in this...

    • Last update : 2023/06/30
    • Langues : French, English
    • Themes : Ice creams
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  • Cryogenic nitrogen in the food and beverage industry

    The adoption of cryogenic processes in the food and beverage industry is predominantly driven by liquid nitrogen (LIN), and it is the preferred candidate for food chilling and...

    • Last update : 2023/11/07
    • Langues : French, English
    • Themes : Freezing of foodstuffs
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  • Additive manufacturing of regenerators for caloric cooling

    In many areas of engineering, additive manufacturing allows the production of complex and multifunctional products that could not be manufactured using traditional methods. In the...

    • Last update : 2022/09/16
    • Langues : French, English
    • Themes : Caloric cooling (magnetocaloric, electrocaloric, elastocaloric and barocaloric cooling)
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  • Liquefied Natural Gas: production process and cold energy recovery

    Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is natural gas that has been cooled to about -160 °C and turned into a liquid to facilitate transportation and storage. A typical LNG supply chain...

    • Last update : 2023/06/23
    • Langues : French, English
    • Themes : LNG and LPG
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  • Environmental impact of the ice cream industry

    This summary document describes the environmental impact of ice cream manufacturing, which is mainly due to the energy consumption and refrigerants used.

    • Last update : 2022/11/17
    • Langues : French, English
    • Themes : General information on environment (climate change, ozone depletion…)
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  • Additive manufacturing of heat exchangers

    In the refrigeration industry, additive manufacturing (colloquially referred to as “3D printing”) makes it possible to fabricate novel, complex and potentially more energy efficient...

    • Last update : 2022/09/07
    • Langues : French, English
    • Themes : Evaporators, condensers and other heat exchangers
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