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An integrated model for an oil free carbon dioxide compressor using Sanderson-Rocker arm motion (S-RAM) mechanism.
A comprehensive model for an oil-free carbon dioxide compressor using Sanderson Rocker Arm Motion (S-RAM) driving mechanism.
IIR document
Modeling of S-RAM energy recovery compressor integration in a transcritical carbon dioxide cycle for application in multi-temperature refrigerated container systems.
Modeling of S-RAM energy recover compressor integration in a transcritical carbon dioxide cycle for application in electronics cooling in varying gravity.
Institutional & regulatory frameworks required for sustainable management of refrigeration technologies in marine and off-shore fisheries in A5 countries: RAM Engineering Ltd (Ghana) perspectives.
Thermal performance of three-wheel and split-wheel air cycle systems for a civil aircraft environmental control system (ECS).
Dynamic modeling and control strategy of a transcritical CO2 cycle for a multi-temperature refrigerated container system for military applications.
Recommended by the IIR
A review on the recent developments in thermal management systems for hybrid-electric aircraft.
PDSim: a generalized modeling platform to predict the performance of positive displacement compressors and expanders.
Modeling and control strategy of a transcritical carbon dioxide cycle for application in multi-temperature refrigerated container systems.
Theoretical investigation of two-phase cooling cycles for electronic components in more-electric aircraft.
Reinforcement learning control for vapor compression refrigeration cycle.
The effect of cooling rate on the survival of cryopreserved bull, ram, and boar spermatozoa: a comparison of two controlled-rate cooling machines.
HVAC systems for R&D laboratories.
Study of a new air-conditioning system for civil aircraft.
Refrigeration sector monitoring
1675 results
EPA’s National GHG Reporting Programme
EPA, the United States Environmental Protection Agency, is making comprehensive greenhouse gas (GHG) data accessible to the public via its GHG Reporting Program.
Heat Pump Programme success
The International Energy Agency (IEA) launched a Heat Pump Programme in January 2003, which ended in May earlier this year. Ten countries participated in the programme: Austria, Canada, France, Japan, Norway, Sweden, UK and USA. They joined...
New Eurovent certification programme for cooling towers
Eurovent, the European Certification body, has developed a certification programme for the thermal performance of cooling towers.
Briefs: ARTI's 21st Century Research Program
During the 2004 ASHRAE Winter meeting in Anaheim, results from several research projects initiated under the ARTI (Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Technology Institute) 21st Century Research Program - initiated by ARI (Air-Conditioning and...
Cold chain news: USDA emerging markets program
The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Emerging Markets Program (EMP) is funding technical assistance activities intended to promote exports of US agricultural commodities and products to emerging markets in all geographic...
12th European Cold Chain Logistics Education Program
The 12th European Cold Chain Logistics Educational Seminar was held on January 26-27, 2009 in Amsterdam, the Netherlands. This is a yearly two-day event under the patronage of the Global Cold Chain Alliance. GCCA unites four organizations, namely:...
Brazilian cold chain panorama
An article from the International Journal of Refrigeration presents a few figures about the infrastructure, energy sources and expenditure of the Brazilian cold chain.
ARI launches a certification program for commercial refrigeration equipment
The Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Institute (ARI) has announced the launch of a new certification programme for commercial display and storage cabinets. There are 25 other ARI certification programmes, all of them aim at giving consumers...
Briefs: Japanese programme for next generation heat pumps
The Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (METI) in Japan has set up the Next Generation Heat Pump Research Council within the New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organisation (NEDO) in order to examine concrete research proposals....
The 8th IARW/WFLO European Education Programme: RFID tagging
RFID tagging and traceability in refrigerated warehouses will be an important subject addressed during of the 8th IAWR/WFLO European Education Programme held in Brussels on February 28 and March 1, 2005. Representatives from food retail and...
AHRI launches a low-GWP alternative refrigerant evaluation programme
In response to environmental concerns raised by the use of high global warming potential (GWP) refrigerants, the Air-Conditioning, Heating, and Refrigeration Institute (AHRI) is launching an industry-wide cooperative research program to identify...
Israel has launched a programme to replace 10 000 inefficient air conditioners
In Israel, the Energy and Water Ministry launched in March 2012 a programme to replace 10 000 air conditioners, aiming to provide energy savings of 17 million kWh per year.
Waste heat in Europe: untapped potential and evolving policy framework
Large volumes of excess heat remain underutilised across Europe, while EU legislation is increasingly recognising its role in decarbonisation.
UK: Heat Pump Ready Programme supports innovation and knowledge transfer to accelerate heat pump adoption
Heat Pump Ready, led by the UK’s Department for Energy Security and Net Zero (DESNZ), aimed to accelerate heat pump adoption in the UK and support the development of new tools, technologies and business models...
New framework aims to standardise research on evaporative cooling technologies
Evaporative cooling is gaining increasing attention as an energy-efficient alternative to conventional air conditioning. A new scientific study by an international team of researchers, including Anna Pacak,...
IIR news
744 results
Awareness campaign on the CLIM'ECO programme in Guadeloupe
The IIR, partner and ambassador of the CLIM'ECO program, has undertaken a mission of sensitisation in Guadeloupe as part of the programme.
The CLIM’ECO programme kicks off
Supported by the French government and as part of the energy saving certificates scheme, the CLIM'ECO programme aims to reduce and optimise the energy consumption of air conditioning in the French Overseas Departments.
Adaptation 2025: Detailed Programme Now Available
The detailed programme for the IIR International Conference on Refrigeration Adapting to Rising Temperatures (Adaptation 2025) is now available online.
IIR Congress 2023: The programme is now available!
The exciting 5-day programme of the upcoming IIR Congress 2023 includes 600 scientific papers, 1 plenary address, 14 keynote speakers, 21 workshops and 3 technical tours.
Conference programme now available for ICCC 2022
In addition to three keynote sessions, the event will gather over 50 presentations, three workshops and several coffee lounges discussions looking at new ways to tackle questions around sustainability and the...
The programme of the IIR conference on Ammonia and CO2 Refrigeration Technologies is now available
The conference is a leading event in the refrigeration industry and brings together academic and industry experts to discuss the latest advances in refrigeration technology.
IIR joins key stakeholder talks on AHEAD program in Delhi
Yosr Allouche, Director General of the IIR, had the distinct honour of participating in the National Stakeholder Consultation for the “Alleviating Heat Stress by Enhancing Production of Affordable Cooling...
The First Conference on the Application of HFO Refrigerants unveils its programme
The Institute of Refrigeration (IOR) has just released the programme for the Conference on the Application of HFO Refrigerants to take place in Birmingham from the 2nd to the 5th of September 2018.
15th IIR-Gustav Lorentzen Conference, June 13-15, 2022: the detailed programme is now available!
The detailed program of the 15th IIR Gustav Lorentzen Conference on Natural Refrigerants is now available online.
ATMO Europe Conference 2022 on Natural Refrigerants Releases Final Programme
The 12th edition of the event will take place in-person in Brussels (Belgium) on November 15–16.
Clim'Eco: the IIR is a partner of this new program, which began this year in Réunion.
This program aims to promote a reasonable use and good maintenance of air conditioning in the French overseas departments.
Dr. Yunho Hwang and team earn 3rd place in Vicinity Energy-MEIA Ideation Program for heat pump innovation
Former president of IIR Commission B1, and research professor at the University of Maryland Center for Environmental Energy...
The IIR announces role in European "REAL Alternatives" programme.
The International of Refrigeration is pleased to announce its role in a new European learning programme “REAL Alternatives” that will address skills shortages amongst technicians working in the refrigeration, air conditioning and heat pump sector.
IIR supports REAL Alternatives for LIFE training across the globe
The REAL Alternatives for LIFE project, an extension of the previous Real Alternatives project, is funded by the EU's funding instrument for the environment and climate action, the LIFE programme.
Propose a workshop and be part of ICR 2023
Do you have an idea for a workshop you would like to organise during the 26th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration 2023? Share it with the international refrigeration community.
Encyclopedia of Refrigeration
18 results
Cryogenics in the pharmaceutical industry: drug design and bioavailability improvement
Research activities in the pharmaceutical sector focus primarily on developing novel drug formulations which can elicit the desired response upon being administered to the patient...
Kigali Amendment status per country
List of the 163 countries that have accepted, approved or ratified the Kigali Amendment as of November 15, 2024.
Cold storage conditions for fruits and vegetables
Practical recommendations for the cold storage of over 200 cultivars of fruits, vegetables and herbs (storage temperatures, relative humidity, storage time, controlled atmosphere...
Ice cream manufacturing, environmental impact and market data
From a physico-chemical point of view, ice cream is a complex, frozen multiphase mixture. The manufacturing process includes several stages of freezing which are described in this...
Environmental impact of the ice cream industry
This summary document describes the environmental impact of ice cream manufacturing, which is mainly due to the energy consumption and refrigerants used.
For IIR members only
Global cold storage capacity
This table presents the cold storage capacity in about 50 countries, based on data from the Global Cold Chain Alliance (GCCA).
Global warming potential (GWP) of HFC refrigerants
Using the latest updated data from UNEP’s RTOC 2022 report, we have compiled the 100-year GWP and 20-year GWP values of hydrofluorocarbon-based (HFC) refrigerants. Our table includes...
Cryogenic nitrogen in the food and beverage industry
The adoption of cryogenic processes in the food and beverage industry is predominantly driven by liquid nitrogen (LIN), and it is the preferred candidate for food chilling and...
Additive manufacturing of heat exchangers
In the refrigeration industry, additive manufacturing (colloquially referred to as “3D printing”) makes it possible to fabricate novel, complex and potentially more energy efficient...
Global HFC emissions from the refrigeration sector
This table shows HFC emissions from the refrigeration sector – including air conditioning – in million tonnes of CO2 equivalent for about 40 countries that are signatories...
Heat pump stock in Europe
This table presents the stock of installed heat pumps, the CO2 emissions avoided and the number of jobs in the heat pump sector in Europe.
Additive manufacturing of regenerators for caloric cooling
In many areas of engineering, additive manufacturing allows the production of complex and multifunctional products that could not be manufactured using traditional methods. In the...
Nanorefrigerants
Nanorefrigerants are created by adding nanoparticles in suspension to a base refrigerant. They have a thermal conductivity that is 15% to 104% higher than that of the corresponding...
Hydrocarbon refrigerants
Hydrocarbons such as R290 (propane), R600a (isobutane) or R1270 (propene/propylene) are low GWP non-toxic natural refrigerants with excellent thermodynamic properties. They offer an...
Liquefied Natural Gas: production process and cold energy recovery
Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is natural gas that has been cooled to about -160 °C and turned into a liquid to facilitate transportation and storage. A typical LNG supply chain...
Events
9 results
IIR event
17th IIR-Gustav Lorentzen Conference on Natural Refrigerants (GL 2026)
August 23, 2026 - August 26, 2026
Hamilton, New Zealand
Submit your abstract! With the increasing need for global warming countermeasures, natural working fluids have become a clear vector to reducing the CO2 footprint of...
Find out more
Other event
15th IEA Heat Pump Conference
May 26, 2026 - May 29, 2026
Vienna, Austria
Join the 15th IEA Heat Pump Conference, which will take place in Vienna, Austria,from May 26-29, 2026! The 15th IEA Heat Pump Conference, co-sponsored by IIR,...
Data Centers at a Crossroads: Energy, Cooling, and Policy Challenges
May 12, 2026
Register...
27th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration
August 21, 2027 - August 27, 2027
Seoul, Republic of Korea
Save the date! The International Congress of Refrigeration (ICR) is a leading global event in the field of refrigeration, organised by the International Institute of Refrigeration...
15th IIR Conference on Phase-Change Materials and Slurries for Refrigeration and Air Conditioning
September 16, 2026 - September 18, 2026
Xi'an, China
Currently accepting full papers! The 15th IIR Conference on Phase-Change Materials and Slurries for...
Sponsored event
9th International High Performance Buildings Conference at Purdue
July 12, 2026 - July 16, 2026
West Lafayette, IN, United States
A conference co-sponsored by the IIR Since 1972, Herrick Labs has hosted the premier international conferences on Compressor Engineering, Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning, and...
21st International Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Conference at Purdue
28th International Compressor Engineering Conference at Purdue
19th IIR Conference on Cryogenics
April 26, 2027 - April 30, 2027
Dresden, Germany
The 19th CRYOGENICS 2027 continues in the series of conferences held every two years. The conference will deal with new challenges of the equipment and technologies with temperatures below 120 K (-153°C), as well as with other...
