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IIR document

Freeze stability of starch mixtures. Interest of konjac glucomannan in reducing the freezable water and impact on gelatinization properties of potato starch.

• Author(s) : LE BAIL P.
• Publication date: 2016/04/07
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Starch, Potato, Gelatin, Water content, Freezing
• Source: 4^th IIR International Conference on Sustainability and the Cold Chain. Proceedings: Auckland, New Zealand, April 7-9, 2016.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Freeze-thaw stability of konjac glocomannane-potato starch gels: stability from macroscopic to microscopic scale, using image processing.

• Author(s) : LAFARGE C., GAYOT N., RIBOURG L., et al.
• Publication date: 2018/04/06
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Starch, Potato, Stability, Performance, Expérimentation, Freezing-thawing, Freezing
• Source: 5^th IIR International Conference on Sustainability and the Cold Chain. Proceedings: Beijing, Chine, 6-8 avril 2018
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Effects of static magnetic fields freezing on starch-based prepared fried rice as staple foods.

• Author(s) : LONG Y., ZHANG M., MUJUMDAR A. S., LIN J.
• Publication date: 2024/09
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Rice, Prepared food, Organoleptic property, Starch, Magnetic field, Freezing-thawing
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 165
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Experimental study on starch/tetradecane phase change material for cold energy storage.

• Author(s) : DELAHAYE A., HOANG H. M., LOURDIN D., MAIGRET J. E., CAPRON I., FOURNAISON L.
• Publication date: 2023/08/21
• Languages : English
• Source: Proceedings of the 26^th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration: Paris , France, August 21-25, 2023.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Freeze–thaw stability of emulsions with soy protein isolate through interfacial engineering.

• Author(s) : NOSHAD M., MOHEBBI M., SHAHIDI F., et al.
• Publication date: 2015/10
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Starch, Protein, Stability, Soya, Oil, Emulsion, Freezing-thawing, Water
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 58
• Formats : PDF

Starch edible film supporting natamycin and nisin for improving microbiological stability of refrigerated argentinian Port Salut cheese.

• Author(s) : OLLE RESA C. P., GERSCHENSON L. N., JAGUS R. J.
• Publication date: 2016/01
• Languages : English
• Source: Food Control The International Journal of HACCP and Food Safety - vol. 59

IIR document

Effect of physicochemical properties on freezing suitability of Lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) root.

• Author(s) : TU J., ZHANG M., XU B., et al.
• Publication date: 2015/02
• Languages : English
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 50
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Understanding the impact of freezing and storage on the microstructure of a porous food using synchrotron X-rays microtomography.

• Author(s) : BENKHELIFA H., ZENNOUNE A., LATIL P., FLIN F., GEINDREAU C., NDOYE F. T.
• Publication date: 2023/08/21
• Languages : English
• Source: Proceedings of the 26^th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration: Paris , France, August 21-25, 2023.
• Formats : PDF

Impact of Low-Temperature Storage on the Microstructure, Digestibility, and Absorption Capacity of Cooked Rice.

• Author(s) : LI H., LIU B., BESS K., WANG Z., LIANG M., ZHANG Y., WU Q., YANG L.
• Publication date: 2022/06
• Languages : English
• Source: Foods - vol. 11 - n. 11
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Upcycling corneal tissue: whole corneas cryopreserved by different media for research applications.

• Author(s) : PETTO C., NÖLDNER A., VALTINK M., et al.
• Publication date: 2016/09/08
• Languages : English
• Source: 2^nd IIR Workshop on cold applications in life sciences.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Differential scanning calorimetry as a tool to monitor polysaccharide transformations.

• Author(s) : MOLINA-GARCÍA A. D., GOMEZ ORDOÑEZ E., RUPEREZ P.
• Publication date: 2019/08/24
• Languages : English
• Source: Proceedings of the 25^th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration: Montréal , Canada, August 24-30, 2019.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Control of the process of structure formation of “premium” class ice cream using monostabilizers.

• Author(s) : TVOROGOVA A. A., KAZAKOVA N. V., SHOBANOVA T. V., et al.
• Publication date: 2019/08/24
• Languages : English
• Source: Proceedings of the 25^th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration: Montréal , Canada, August 24-30, 2019.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Decarbonization of industrial processes with heat pumps.

• Author(s) : WILK V., LAUERMANN M., HELMINGER F.
• Publication date: 2019/08/24
• Languages : English
• Source: Proceedings of the 25^th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration: Montréal , Canada, August 24-30, 2019.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

CAR-T therapy, the new and growing application of cryotechnology in medicine.

• Author(s) : GREGOR J., MERICKA P., JANDOVA M., LÁNSKÁ M., RADOCHA J., BELADA D.
• Publication date: 2023/04/25
• Languages : English
• Source: Cryogenics 2023. Proceedings of the 17^th IIR International Conference, Dresden, Germany, april 25-28 2023
• Formats : PDF

Etude de l'impact couplé du procédé de congélation et des conditions d'entreposage sur la qualité des produits surgelés. : Application aux matrices poreuses

Study of the combined effect of the freezing process and storage conditions on the quality of frozen products. : Application to porous matrices

• Author(s) : ZENNOUNE A.
• Publication date: 2022/03/31
• Languages : French
• Formats : PDF

Eurofreeze Contest for Young Researchers

The International Workshop Eurofreeze 2005 on Individual Quick Freezing of Foods was held in Sofia (Bulgaria) on January 13-15, 2005. It was organized by the Refrigeration Science and Technology Division of the Technical University of Sofia, with...

• Publication date : 2005/04/26

The European Intermodal Research Advisory Council

The European Intermodal Research Advisory Council, set up on May 3, 2005, forms the basis for coordinated intermodal research strategy for Europe. Composed of some 50 key players from large intermodal businesses, intermodal rail and road...

• Publication date : 2005/07/19

Briefs: ARTI's 21st Century Research Program

During the 2004 ASHRAE Winter meeting in Anaheim, results from several research projects initiated under the ARTI (Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Technology Institute) 21st Century Research Program - initiated by ARI (Air-Conditioning and...

• Publication date : 2004/04/28

Briefs: ASHRAE to fund research on CO2

For the first time, ASHRAE is to support research on CO2 (R744) in industrial refrigeration. Thanks to an USD 90 000 grant from ASHRAE, Washington State University (WSU) will conduct research on heat exchangers for sub-critical applications over a...

• Publication date : 2008/02/12

US research projects to cut AC energy consumption

The 15 projects selected by Advanced Research Projects Agency-Energy (ARPA-E) – within the Building Energy Efficiency Through Innovative Thermodevices (BEETIT) are developing new approaches and technologies for building cooling equipment and air...

• Publication date : 2012/09/19

A Research Project on Magnetic Refrigeration in Denmark

Very few laboratories are dedicated to research on magnetic refrigeration, but their number and the number of countries involved is slowly growing. The Danish Council for Strategic Research has recently donated 14 million DKK to the Risø National...

• Publication date : 2007/05/23

Cold chain research centre in Rwanda receives UK funding

The Africa Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Cooling and Cold chain (ACES) has received funding to support its cold chain research activities in Africa until 2025.

• Publication date : 2022/09/26
• Subjects: Developing country

Quantum refrigerators: research is making progress

Two recent studies illustrate the progress of research on quantum refrigerators. Cooling applications for microelectronic compounds could be considered.

• Publication date : 2019/02/28

Searching for refrigerant traces in the atmosphere

The Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (Empa) researchers have now published first measurements on the atmospheric distribution and abundance of the 4th generation halogenated coolants and foaming agents. (fluoroolefins).

• Publication date : 2015/04/20

Recent overview of research on electrocaloric cooling

A recent literature review presents an overview of research on electrocaloric cooling. The authors addressed the following topics: thermodynamic cycles, electrocaloric materials, experimental devices, numerical...

• Publication date : 2021/01/04
• Subjects: Technology

US researchers create film with cool benefits.

US researchers have developed a metamaterial they say could be used to help cool buildings without the use of energy or water.

• Publication date : 2017/02/22
• Subjects: Environment

German researchers approach absolute zero

Physicists at the University of Bremen, Germany have produced the lowest temperature ever recorded, at 38 picoKelvin, which is 38 trillionths of a degree above absolute zero.

• Publication date : 2021/11/15
• Subjects: Technology

US: intensification of research on refrigerant flammability

AHRI has set up a subcommittee to conduct a review of the safety issues around mildly flammable refrigerants.

• Publication date : 2015/08/18

Latest research on ammonia-based absorption refrigeration systems

A recent article has reviewed literature on absorption chillers that use ammonia as a refrigerant, along with water (H2O), lithium nitrate (LiNO3), and lithium nitrate + water...

• Publication date : 2021/02/25
• Subjects: Technology

ICR2019: overview of current refrigeration research topics (part IV)

Energy storage, desiccant air conditioning, high-temperature heat pumps and ejector technologies were some of the salient topics of the latest IIR Congress. Continuation of the synthesis of key presentations of ICR2019.

• Publication date : 2019/10/30

IIR Research Priorities

The IIR decided, within the framework of its Strategic Plan, to draw up a list of research priorities for the future. It hopes that these priorities will be a valuable guiding force for decision-makers in the public and private research sectors,...

• Publication date : 2005/07/19

The First Students and Researchers Network!

During the Prague congress, a great turn-out of 70 young researchers of over 20 different nationalities met face to face with 30 leading experts in various fields of refrigeration.

• Publication date : 2011/09/19

New EU research project BETTED gets underway!

The IIR is one of 10 partners of the new European research project aimed at promoting the energy transition of the dairy value chain.

• Publication date : 2024/03/27

Ever-expanding market research resources at your fingertips

The IIR enhances its market research resources

• Publication date : 2015/05/27

Up to 20% discount on refrigeration market research!

Being part of the IIR gives you even more benefits with discounts of up to 20% on refrigeration market research studies.

• Publication date : 2014/10/23

New on the IIR website: optimise your searches!

A new feature has been developed on the IIR website to allow you to search for content in several sections at the same time: FRIDOC, news, events and encyclopedia.

• Publication date : 2022/05/27

The IIR supports innovative European research projects on refrigeration

In line with its international activities, the IIR is currently involved in two European research projects both focused on very distinct areas of refrigeration technologies.

• Publication date : 2017/02/22

Discover the winners of the IIR Young Researchers’ Awards 2023

Every four years at its Congress, the IIR offers a series of Young Researchers’ Awards to pay tribute to the work carried out by young researchers in the field of refrigeration. Discover this year’s...

• Publication date : 2023/05/16
• Subjects: General information

Professional forums on cryo-sciences: Experts and young researchers alike

Although significant progress has been made in cold application in life sciences driven by new solutions in the production, storage and handling of bio-products along the entire production chain all the way up to the end-user, there are still many...

• Publication date : 2017/03/01

IIR economic news service: the latest from our market report partners

The IIR has established partnerships with several leading market research companies, as well as with establishments that combine and provide detailed reports and global analytical studies on different sectors of the refrigeration or economic...

• Publication date : 2016/12/07

EU project SuperSmart comes to a close: What have we learnt?

Funded by the European Union Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme, the EU SuperSmart project was launched in February 2016 and recently came to an end. Want to know how to reduce energy consumption in the food retail sector?… SuperSmart...

• Publication date : 2019/02/25

News from IIR members: Nestlé

Nestlé is conducting unique research with the Institute for Snow and Avalanche Research in Switzerland (SLF) with a view to identifying the main mechanisms that alter the texture and structure of ice cream.

• Publication date : 2012/06/25

An impressive 1,000 abstracts received for the 25th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration

Covering all fields of refrigeration, ICR 2019 is expected to surpass the success of previous congresses, and will be a unique opportunity for researchers and engineers from all over the world to meet, exchange and publish the results of their...

• Publication date : 2018/07/24

The IIR at the heart of magnetic refrigeration

Magnetic refrigeration technology proves more alluring than ever: conferences, workshops and research projects continue to make waves.

• Publication date : 2015/03/25

The IIR at the refrigeration forefront of EU projects

Generally involved in the dissemination process, the IIR makes use of its network, activities and services to promote worldwide the research outcomes of the EU projects.

• Publication date : 2015/03/03

Cryogenic nitrogen in the food and beverage industry

The adoption of cryogenic processes in the food and beverage industry is predominantly driven by liquid nitrogen (LIN), and it is the preferred candidate for food chilling and...

• Last update : 2023/11/07
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Freezing of foodstuffs

Cryogenics in the pharmaceutical industry: drug design and bioavailability improvement

Research activities in the pharmaceutical sector focus primarily on developing novel drug formulations which can elicit the desired response upon being administered to the patient...

• Last update : 2023/03/10
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Freeze-drying in biology and medicine, Cryobiology, cryomedicine: general information

Additive manufacturing of regenerators for caloric cooling

In many areas of engineering, additive manufacturing allows the production of complex and multifunctional products that could not be manufactured using traditional methods. In the...

• Last update : 2022/09/16
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Caloric cooling (magnetocaloric, electrocaloric, elastocaloric and barocaloric cooling)

Additive manufacturing of heat exchangers

In the refrigeration industry, additive manufacturing (colloquially referred to as “3D printing”) makes it possible to fabricate novel, complex and potentially more energy efficient...

• Last update : 2022/09/07
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Evaporators, condensers and other heat exchangers

Ice cream manufacturing, environmental impact and market data

From a physico-chemical point of view, ice cream is a complex, frozen multiphase mixture. The manufacturing process includes several stages of freezing which are described in this...

• Last update : 2023/06/30
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Ice creams

For IIR members only

Global cold storage capacity

This table presents the cold storage capacity in about 50 countries, based on data from the Global Cold Chain Alliance (GCCA).

• Last update : 2021/12/06
• Langues : English
• Themes : Refrigerated storage: economics and statistics

For IIR members only

Heat pump stock in Europe

This table presents the stock of installed heat pumps, the CO2 emissions avoided and the number of jobs in the heat pump sector in Europe.

• Last update : 2021/12/14
• Langues : English
• Themes : Heat pumps, energy recovery: economics and statistics

Global HFC emissions from the refrigeration sector

This table shows HFC emissions from the refrigeration sector – including air conditioning – in million tonnes of CO2 equivalent for about 40 countries that are signatories...

• Last update : 2022/01/20
• Langues : English
• Themes : General information on environment (climate change, ozone depletion…)

Thermophysical properties of HFC refrigerants

Thermophysical properties of over 100 HFC refrigerants, including single-component and blends.

• Last update : 2022/06/17
• Langues : English
• Themes : HFCs, Blends, HFO et HCFO

Thermophysical properties of HFO refrigerants

Thermophysical properties of over 50 HFO refrigerants, including single-component and blends.

• Last update : 2022/06/17
• Langues : English
• Themes : Blends, HFO et HCFO

Thermophysical properties of hydrocarbon refrigerants

Thermophysical properties of over 20 hydrocarbon refrigerants, including single-component and blends.

• Last update : 2022/06/17
• Langues : English
• Themes : Hydrocarbons, Blends

Cold storage conditions for fruits and vegetables

Practical recommendations for the cold storage of over 200 cultivars of fruits, vegetables and herbs (storage temperatures, relative humidity, storage time, controlled atmosphere...

• Last update : 2023/01/16
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Fruit, Vegetables

Nanorefrigerants

Nanorefrigerants are created by adding nanoparticles in suspension to a base refrigerant. They have a thermal conductivity that is 15% to 104% higher than that of the corresponding...

• Last update : 2022/06/17
• Langues : English, French
• Themes : Nanofluids

Environmental impact of the ice cream industry

This summary document describes the environmental impact of ice cream manufacturing, which is mainly due to the energy consumption and refrigerants used.

• Last update : 2022/11/17
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : General information on environment (climate change, ozone depletion…)

Liquefied Natural Gas: production process and cold energy recovery

Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is natural gas that has been cooled to about -160 °C and turned into a liquid to facilitate transportation and storage. A typical LNG supply chain...

• Last update : 2023/06/23
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : LNG and LPG