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Review of Carnot Battery Technology Commercial Development.
IIR document
Performance optimization of irreversible combined Carnot refrigerator based on ecological criterion.
Carnot analysis of heat pump drying: ideal efficiency and dry time.
Thermodynamic parameters of a magnetic refrigerator with a Carnot cycle.
Thermodynamic optimization of an irreversible Carnot refrigerator with heat recovery reservoir.
Separate sensible and latent cooling: Carnot limits and system taxonomy.
Experimental investigation of a thermally integrated Carnot battery using a reversible heat pump/organic Rankine cycle.
Carnot-equivalent air cycle heat pump leveraging isentropic and isothermal compression and expansion principles – a theoretical analysis.
Numerical performance assessment of heat pumps in Rankine-based Carnot battery systems for grid balancing services.
Modelling and simulation of a carnot battery coupled to seasonal underground stratified thermal energy storage for heating, cooling and electricity generation.
A Preliminary Design and Modeling Analysis of Two-Phase Volumetric Expanders for a Novel Reversible Organic Rankine-Based Cycle for Carnot Battery Technology.
Experimental investigation of a thermally integrated Carnot battery using a reversible heat pump/organic Rankine cycle: influence of system charge on performance of the reversible scroll compressor/expander and global performance.
Fundamental investigation of whole-life power plant performance for enhanced geothermal systems.
Recommended by the IIR / IIR document
Thermodynamic cycles and electrical charge recovery in high-efficiency electrocaloric cooling systems.
A performance analysis of the Claridge-Culp-Liu dehumidification process: A novel approach for drying moist air based on membrane separation, vacuum compression and sub-atmospheric condensation.
Refrigeration sector monitoring
68 results
Edible carrot films display food packaging potential
Barrier properties exhibited by carrot-based edible films demonstrate potential for their use as packaging for a variety of food types, according to recent research from China.
Magnetic refrigeration, a promising technology for the liquefaction of hydrogen
A keynote at the recent IIR Congress highlights magnetic refrigeration as a technology with high potential for the liquefaction of hydrogen, an essential energy vector for decarbonisation.
An award-winning industrial dairy using an integrated heat pump system
A recent case study examined the energy consumption and system performance of an innovative integrated heat pump system of a dairy located in Norway. This dairy was among the winning projects of the 2019 “Heat...
Novel anti-frosting heat pump technology
A review article published in Energies, presents advancements of heat-source tower heat pump systems (HSTHPSs) in China, including operating principle, heat-source tower (HST) structure, heat and mass transfer...
German heat pump market situation
The market share of heat pumps installed in newly erected residential buildings increased from 13.2% in 2007 to 32.2% in 2013.
A mathematical study presents a general derivation and a quantifcation of the third law of thermodynamics
Two physicists from University College London have provided a derivation of the "unattainability principle", which states that any process cannot reach absolute zero temperature in a finite number of steps.
Populations at risk due to lack of cooling
The report Chilling Prospects highlights the growing and unprecedented risks for the 1.1 billion people who cannot access cooling nowadays.
Italy limits air conditioning to 25°C
The country has set a limit on air conditioning in schools, post offices and other public buildings. The temperature cannot be lower than 25°C from May 1, 2022.
Refrigerant news: Mexichem
Mexichem intends to compete with DuPont and Honeywell in the development of a replacement refrigerant for HFC-134a in car air conditioning systems. The company, which in February 2010 bought the Ineos fluorochemicals unit, has announced...
Fresh out of Africa
The annual production of fruit and vegetables in Burkina-Faso is estimated at over 300 000 tonnes. It encompasses more than 30 000 producers and 25-30 km² of market garden produce and 120 km² of orchards. The official opening of the SOBFEL, the...
Underground river to cool the London tube
The "Cooling the Tube" competition in 2003, promising GBP 100 000 to those finding a workable solution to cool the Tube, received 3400 entries. Modern systems with large tunnels and surface lines can be cooled using air-cooling systems. However,...
Solar absorption air conditioning
When do you need air conditioning? When it is hot and sunny. This is why Broad Air Conditioning, China, one of the world's largest manufacturers of direct-fired absorption chillers, has been focusing on solar absorption air-conditioning systems...
R&D
The US Department of Energy's National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) has developed a new air-conditioning system combining membranes, evaporative coolers and desiccants into a single device with the objective to suit to all climates,...
Development and evaluation of a reversible CO2 residential air conditioning system compared to a state-of-the art R410a unit
This paper was presented at the IIR Gustav Lorentzen Conference in Glasgow (Sep. 2004). A reversible CO2 prototype RAC split unit system was designed, built and installed in two calorimetric test chambers. The unit is based on the Lorentzen Cycle...
Hygiene of foodstuffs
On the basis of the principle that every European citizen is entitled to a varied diet of safe and wholesome food and that all information on the composition, manufacturing processes and use of foodstuffs must be clear and accurate and with a view...
IIR news
21 results
Here are the latest IIR award-winners!
Once every 4 years during each International Congress of Refrigeration, the IIR presents a series of prestigious scientific awards:. Gustav Lorentzen Medal: the prize is awarded to a person with...
Briefs: ICR2007 awards
The IIR is delighted to announce the winners of awards to be presented during the awards banquet to be held during the Beijing congress: IIR Medal of Merit: Fritz Steimle; IIR Gustav Lorentzen Medal: Alexey Arkharov; IIR Science & Technology...
Deadline extended: Call for nominations for Scientific Prizes at IIR Congress 2023 ends May 27
Don’t miss out on your chance to apply for the prestigious academic and scientific awards to be presented at the upcoming 26th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration. The deadline for...
IIR Scientific Awards
There's still time to apply!
Call for nominations now open for Scientific Prizes at IIR Congress 2023
Don’t miss out on your chance to apply for the prestigious academic and scientific awards to be presented at the upcoming 26th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration.
CALL FOR ABSTRACTS for the 25th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration ends June 28, 2018
The 25th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration, ICR 2019, will offer dynamic programme of quality technical, scientific and industry insights including technical tours and visits, networking opportunities, focused work meetings and...
Call for nominations: Scientific Prizes at ICR 2019
The call for nominations for the ICR 2019 Scientific Prizes has now been launched. The series of prestigious academic and scientific awards recognise those who have made outstanding contributions to the field of refrigeration or have completed...
Call for abstracts now open for ICR 2019
From August 24-30, 2019, birthplace to the Montreal Protocol signed in 1987, Montreal (Canada),will host the 25th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration – ICR 2019.
Registration is now open for the IIR Congress 2019
With over 1,000 abstracts selected covering all fields of refrigeration, registration is now open for the 25th International Congress of Refrigeration.
The International Congress of Refrigeration 2019 goes to Montreal
IIR congresses bring together over a thousand people from a wide variety of disciplines who are interested in the evolution of technologies, research, and markets in all fields of refrigeration.
Winners of the IIR Scientific Awards 2019 revealed
This time round, the IIR received a record number of applications and submissions to its various awards and is delighted to announce the winners.
Discover the winners of the IIR Young Researchers’ Awards 2023
Every four years at its Congress, the IIR offers a series of Young Researchers’ Awards to pay tribute to the work carried out by young researchers in the field of refrigeration. Discover this year’s...
IIR WRD event 2025: STC President Gérald Cavalier, reaffirms the IIR’s scientific mission
During the IIR World Refrigeration Day event held on 18 June 2025 in Paris, Mr. Cavalier, President of the IIR Scientific and Technical Council, emphasised that one of the IIR’s strengths is its role in...
IIR conference on caloric cooling Thermag VIII: highlights
Thermag VIII was an opportunity to present new developments regarding magnetocaloric, electrocaloric and elastocaloric cooling.
Conference update: Des Moines
During the conference the Working Party on Magnetic Refrigeration at Room Temperature of the International Institute of Refrigeration held one of its periodical meetings. All conference members were invited to participate and they where...
Encyclopedia of Refrigeration
3 results
Cryogenic nitrogen in the food and beverage industry
The adoption of cryogenic processes in the food and beverage industry is predominantly driven by liquid nitrogen (LIN), and it is the preferred candidate for food chilling and...
Cold storage conditions for fruits and vegetables
Practical recommendations for the cold storage of over 200 cultivars of fruits, vegetables and herbs (storage temperatures, relative humidity, storage time, controlled atmosphere...
Additive manufacturing of regenerators for caloric cooling
In many areas of engineering, additive manufacturing allows the production of complex and multifunctional products that could not be manufactured using traditional methods. In the...
