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IIR document
Effect of sorbet freezing process on draw temperature and ice crystal size using focused beam reflectance method (FBRM) online measurements.
La congélation de pommes partiellement séchées.
Freezing partially dried apples.
Pré-congélation des végétaux par immersion.
Jets d'air impactants et congélation de produits alimentaires: état de l'art.
The state of the art of impacting air jets and food freezing.
Une nouvelle méthode de caractérisation de la microstructure interne de produits congelés.
A new method for characterising the internal microstructure of frozen products.
Congélation en présence de micro-ondes : application à la viande de porc.
Procédés de congélation, de surgélation et procédés émergents : vers une évolution de la règlementation?
Freezing, deep-freezing and innovative processes: towards regulatory progress?
Recommended by the IIR / IIR document
Is it effective to pre-cool close to the freezing point temperature before freezing?
The Effect of Pressure–Shift Freezing versus Air Freezing and Liquid Immersion on the Quality of Frozen Fish during Storage.
Bénéfice d'une assistance micro-onde sur la qualité de la congélation.
Benefits of microwave assistance on the quality of freezing.
Analysis of the freezing time of chicken breast finite cylinders.
Efecto de une velocidad reducida del ventilador de aire sobre los tiempos de congelación y el consumo de energía en un túnel de congelación.
The effect of reduced air fan speed on freezing times and energy consumption in a freezing tunnel.
Freezing time of an infinite cylinder and sphere using the method of lines.
Examinations of quantitative evaluation method of food freezing process. Evaluation of pre-cooling freezing.
FDM for the freezing process of a slab using integral average properties.
Refrigeration sector monitoring
95 results
Dehydrofreezing of apples
A recent study focuses on a freezing process for partially dehydrated apples.
Cryochemistry: chemical reactions accelerated by freezing
Surprisingly, some chemical reactions can be accelerated by freezing. The possible applications of studying such cryoreactions include the food and pharmaceutical cold chain, as well...
Is an ‘isochoric freezing’ revolution really in the offing?
Comparing isochoric freezing to classical isobaric freezing and new terminology proposal based on the conclusions of a group of IIR experts.
Isochoric freezing could cut down energy use in the global food cold chain
Compared to conventional isobaric freezing, isochoric freezing could significantly improve the quality of frozen food and generate substantial energy savings.
New nature-mimicking freeze-casting technique
US DOE L. Berkeley Lab researchers have developed a nature-mimicking bidirectional freeze-casting technique that enables them to design and create strong, tough, porous and lightweight materials with applications in the medical sector
New process combining cryogenic freezing and MAP
Air Products Freshline® Superfresh is a new methodology which combines cryogenic freezing with modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) in a specific way to extend the life and quality of food products.
Agreeing frozen fish dates sparks hot debate
The new EU Regulation 1169/2011 on the provision of food information to consumers (FIC) shall apply from December 13, 2014. Under the new rules, the first date on which a fish was frozen must be labelled on pack.
European food freezing industry launches a collaborative action to shape the future of the sector
The Kick-off Meeting of the EHEDG Subgroup of Food Refrigeration Equipment will take place on 6 December 2013 at Amsterdam Schiphol Airport, the Netherlands, where professionals are kindly invited.
Is super-cooling better than chilling for seafood products?
Super-cooled storage is a novel technique that better preserves the texture and freshness of fish and extends shelf life compared to chilling.
Frozen avocados to meet the booming global “avo craze”
Frozen avocado pieces or products represent a rising market for exporters to guarantee year-round supply of avocados, which is becoming crucial to the food service sector.
An ejector refrigeration system optimised for sub-zero temperatures on fishing vessels
Large amounts of diesel fuel are used to power fishing vessels engines and on-board refrigeration systems. In a recent theoretical study, an energy-efficient sub-zero refrigeration system proposed based on a...
China: Cold Chain Logistics Industry Report, 2013
As of late 2012, statistics showed that the gross volume of cold storage in China surged by roughly 20% year-on-year to 85.35 million cubic meters.
A must-read in the IJR: a review of storage temperatures for biological material
To improve storage efficiency, the authors of a review article take stock of storage temperatures for biological material (cells, proteins, DNA, etc).
Cold storage of evergreen seedlings affected by global warming
Due to global warming, conifer seedlings are more often exposed to desiccation during snow-free winters. Overwinter cold storage allows to improve their survival, provided that...
Frozen fruit in perfect condition for up to three years
A new technology allows, for the first time, to freeze fruit for three years while keeping its nutrients and properties at optimal levels.
IIR news
23 results
New in our Encyclopedia. Ice cream manufacturing and its environmental impact.
A comprehensive review of the freezing process, market data and environmental impact of ice cream manufacturing.
New in our Encyclopedia. Cryogenic nitrogen in the food and beverage industry
This summary document presents the applications of cryogenic nitrogen in the food and beverage industry .
Cooling Keeps Food Fresh : Global Campaign Announced for World Refrigeration Day, June 26
Since 2019, June 26 celebrates the World Refrigeration Day. With increasing global stakes at hand over the past years, refrigeration took a leading role at the heart of international...
IIR member news: Linde
Linde claims cryogenic freezing allows cookie manufacturers to produce a more consistent product.
Professional forums on cryo-sciences: Experts and young researchers alike
Although significant progress has been made in cold application in life sciences driven by new solutions in the production, storage and handling of bio-products along the entire production chain all the way up to the end-user, there are still many...
ENOUGH at the 37th EFFoST International Conference 2023
Several partners from the ENOUGH project were present at the 37th EFFoST International Conference 2023 in Valencia this week.
Supercooling and superchilling: A solution to increased shelf life and reduced food waste?
If these technologies were combined with perfusion chilling for meat and fish, then additional benefits such as rapid cooling, low weight loss and novel products could result.
News from IIR members: Linde
Linde has launched CRYOLINE XF, a new cryogenic spiral freezer, which uses advanced cross-flow technology to reduce freezing time and improve cryogen efficiency, while reducing overall freezer size.
Past events: The IIR around the world, August and September 2024
A look back at the IIR’s latest events during conferences (Gustav Lorentzen, Thermag, Compressors) and during sponsored vents (CHPC).
Refrigeration and the IIR in the spotlight at COP 28
The Conference of the Parties on Climate Change took place in Dubai (United Arab Emirates) from 30 November to 13 December 2023. For the first time, refrigeration was given special attention. The IIR shared a...
ICR2015 : The 24th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration
16 - 22 August 2015, the 24th ICR takes place in Yokohama, Japan!
The IIR launches a call to action to adopt 5 internationally established refrigeration terms!
All professionals in the field of low-temperature technologies are called and are strongly encouraged to strictly adhere to the internationally established and approved definitions, by the International...
Call to action to adopt 5 internationally established refrigeration terms!
The International Dictionary of Refrigeration is now accessible online
Previously only available in paper format and in just 5 languages, the complete version of the International Dictionary of Refrigeration is now accessible on our website.
Press release: The IIR International Dictionary of Refrigeration is now freely accessible online
Available in 11 languages, the complete version of the International Institute of Refrigeration (IIR) International Dictionary of Refrigeration is now freely accessible online.
Encyclopedia of Refrigeration
6 results
Cryogenic nitrogen in the food and beverage industry
The adoption of cryogenic processes in the food and beverage industry is predominantly driven by liquid nitrogen (LIN), and it is the preferred candidate for food chilling and...
Ice cream manufacturing, environmental impact and market data
From a physico-chemical point of view, ice cream is a complex, frozen multiphase mixture. The manufacturing process includes several stages of freezing which are described in this...
Environmental impact of the ice cream industry
This summary document describes the environmental impact of ice cream manufacturing, which is mainly due to the energy consumption and refrigerants used.
Cryogenics in the pharmaceutical industry: drug design and bioavailability improvement
Research activities in the pharmaceutical sector focus primarily on developing novel drug formulations which can elicit the desired response upon being administered to the patient...
Cold storage conditions for fruits and vegetables
Practical recommendations for the cold storage of over 200 cultivars of fruits, vegetables and herbs (storage temperatures, relative humidity, storage time, controlled atmosphere...
Hydrocarbon refrigerants
Hydrocarbons such as R290 (propane), R600a (isobutane) or R1270 (propene/propylene) are low GWP non-toxic natural refrigerants with excellent thermodynamic properties. They offer an...
