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Le coulis de glace et les performances du générateur par hydro-raclage.
Ice slurry and the performance of hydro-scraping generators.
IIR document
Numerical and analytical investigation of ice slurry isothermal flow through horizontal bends.
Refrigerant liquid slugging in the suction system of reciprocating compressor.
Recommended by the IIR
Experimental investigation of liquid slugging in the suction mufflers of hermetic reciprocating compressors.
Evaluation tools: cost-optimal and cost-benefit analysis.
Multi-performance assessment of hydrate slurries for secondary refrigeration in a modelled industrial case study.
Coupled effects of slurry rheology, heat transfers, and thermodynamics on performance of secondary refrigeration loops in steady-state operation.
Review of low-cost organic and inorganic phase change materials with phase change temperature between 0°C and 65°C.
Review of inorganic salt hydrates with phase change temperature in range of 5°C to 60°C and material cost comparison with common waxes.
Quasi steady-state modeling approach for low computational cost design optimization of heat exchangers for phase change material (PCM) thermal batteries.
Cost optimized design of ground probe fields with solar regeneration.
Techno-economic analysis of chemical looping heat pumps based on the levelized cost of energy.
Development and evaluation of low-cost CO2 sensors for buildings.
Model development for carbon capture cost estimation.
Refrigeration sector monitoring
2130 results
Counterfeit refrigerants: DuPont introduces new anti-counterfeit label
DuPont will use the label as part of a new multi-faceted anti-counterfeiting initiative using many technologies
Briefs: Thermoacoustics
A project led by the University of Nottingham aims at developing a device acting as a refrigerator, cooker and power generator, using biomass fuels such as wood. The SCORE (Stove for COoking, Refrigeration and Electricity) is based on the use of...
Briefs: Thermoacoustics for air conditioning
The Palo Alto Research Center (PARC), is developing a new form of refrigeration for cooling at room temperature, based on thermoacoustics, which was previously used only for cryogenic temperatures. The technology PARC developed is claimed to...
Interested in a short course on Ice Slurry Technology?
The course will take place in Karlsruhe (Germany) on the 13th and 14th May 2011, and will be taught in English.
CO2 training courses in France
Climate change concerns and increasing use of natural refrigerants with low global warming potential (GWP) are driving demand for natural refrigerant training courses.
Solar cooling: Developing countries
In order to help Jean-Louis Julliard, a French producer, market local-fish precooked meals in Mali, Lionel Bataille improved existing solar-cooling technology developed by a CNRS laboratory in Perpignan, France. The cooling system used a...
Natural refrigerants in developing countries
Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit (GTZ) is helping developing countries accelerate the phase-out of ozone-depleting refrigerants. It recently published a report comprising over 30 articles from government, industry and academia, and...
Course on fruit and vegetables preservation
The Postharvest and Refrigeration Group of the Technical University of Cartagena (Spain) offers the second International Course on Postharvest Technology and Minimal Processing of Fruit and Vegetables, from 23 to 29 April 2008. The Chair of the...
The European Intermodal Research Advisory Council
The European Intermodal Research Advisory Council, set up on May 3, 2005, forms the basis for coordinated intermodal research strategy for Europe. Composed of some 50 key players from large intermodal businesses, intermodal rail and road...
Nano-material could improve adsorption technology
A nano-material could drastically improve adsorption cooling, thanks to its high adsorbing properties. The material, engineered by Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNLL), USA, was created using nanoscopic structures, that self-assemble into...
Natural refrigerants in emerging countries: GTZ
Within the International Climate Initiative, the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit (GTZ) is implementing a project aiming to introduce R290 (propane) room air-conditioning systems in China in order to replace HCFC-22. Endowed...
Natural refrigerants in emerging countries: South Africa
South Africa is facing an energy shortage and a rise in electricity prices. Natural refrigerants, which have important energy saving potential, are now being introduced, especially in supermarkets. Here are 2 examples: . GTZ has offered technical...
Briefs: Solar vaccine fridges for hot countries
Storing vaccines can be difficult in areas with insufficient electric grids, and renewable energies are increasingly being used as a solution. Two companies specializing in renewable energy technologies are to supply vaccine fridges to Nigeria and...
US: Court strikes down EPA restrictions on HFCs
In August, the US Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia (D.C.) overturned Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) directives to ban certain high GWP HFC refrigerants.
Europe: renewable cooling could provide close to 100% of cooling demand
A recent study performed by the German Öko-Institut e.V. on behalf of NL Agency of the Netherlands and funded by the Dutch government, claims that at least 50% of the cooling demand in Europe could be covered by renewable energy applications by 2050.
IIR news
900 results
IIR website: consult our courses!
The “Services and expertises” section of the IIR website includes a section on courses and training. The courses are among the most downloaded documents in 2022!
New course on magnetic refrigeration!
The IIR has just published a new course entitled “Magnetic refrigeration” on its website, in the “Courses and training” section.
Training and courses: New content available
Since its initial publication, a number of new courses have been added to the IIR refrigeration courses and training repertoire.
Focus by Didier Coulomb
As we announced in the latest issue of the Newsletter, this special issue on the environment was prepared jointly with the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP). 2007 is a very important year for the future of the global environment and the...
Editorial by Didier Coulomb
In the previous issue of the Newsletter, a special issue on the environment, I announced proposals, from the G8 in particular, concerning accelerated phase-out of HCFCs, along with the importance of the UN Conference on the ozone layer in this...
2006 was an important year for the IIR: the first phase in the updating of the Fridoc database, launching of the e-Bulletin, publication of a course, Refrigeration Fundamentals, the Red Book on frozen foods, a Bibliography on CO2, two Informatory...
As with every active institution, and even more so for each body of a scientific and technical vocation, the International Institute of Refrigeration must be present and able to meet the imperatives and challenges arising in the short-, medium-...
The IIR's mission is to disseminate the outcomes of research on refrigeration technologies and applications. Through its Framework Programmes for Research and Technological Development (FPRD) the European Union regularly funds major research...
2008 was a milestone year for the IIR: its centenary, celebrated in many countries, provided an opportunity to showcase not only the rich and fascinating history of refrigeration, but also the ever-increasing global challenges and a lively,...
Since the beginning of the year, the Focus section of the Newsletter has dealt with environmental measures in general and measures addressing HFCs (hydrofluorocarbons) in particular that have already been adopted or are foreseen in various...
For many years, the IIR has been seeking to improve the performances of natural refrigerants in order to address the issues of ozone depletion and global warming. The Gustav Lorentzen Conferences have been consistently highly successful. The...
In the previous issue of the Newsletter, I wrote about the conclusions I drew following the 2006 United Nations conferences on ozone depletion and climate change. A recently published important element backs up my conclusions: the Proceedings of...
Besides its scientific and technological commissions, the IIR has set up working parties dealing with specific topics. These working parties have in some cases provided the IIR's actions with greater legitimacy and international recognition in...
The IIR is introducing changes. It has to change in order to meet the needs of its member countries, corporate and private members and clients. Its services must constantly evolve in line with new information technology as it becomes available....
Energy is one of the main strategic challenges of this century, both in terms of the impact of energy consumption on the environment (greenhouse effect) and above all in terms of the risk of shortages with respect to our society's needs (limited...
Encyclopedia of Refrigeration
18 results
Kigali Amendment status per country
List of the 163 countries that have accepted, approved or ratified the Kigali Amendment as of November 15, 2024.
Cryogenics in the pharmaceutical industry: drug design and bioavailability improvement
Research activities in the pharmaceutical sector focus primarily on developing novel drug formulations which can elicit the desired response upon being administered to the patient...
Cold storage conditions for fruits and vegetables
Practical recommendations for the cold storage of over 200 cultivars of fruits, vegetables and herbs (storage temperatures, relative humidity, storage time, controlled atmosphere...
For IIR members only
Global cold storage capacity
This table presents the cold storage capacity in about 50 countries, based on data from the Global Cold Chain Alliance (GCCA).
Ice cream manufacturing, environmental impact and market data
From a physico-chemical point of view, ice cream is a complex, frozen multiphase mixture. The manufacturing process includes several stages of freezing which are described in this...
Liquefied Natural Gas: production process and cold energy recovery
Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is natural gas that has been cooled to about -160 °C and turned into a liquid to facilitate transportation and storage. A typical LNG supply chain...
Thermophysical properties of hydrocarbon refrigerants
Thermophysical properties of over 20 hydrocarbon refrigerants, including single-component and blends.
Global HFC emissions from the refrigeration sector
This table shows HFC emissions from the refrigeration sector – including air conditioning – in million tonnes of CO2 equivalent for about 40 countries that are signatories...
Additive manufacturing of regenerators for caloric cooling
In many areas of engineering, additive manufacturing allows the production of complex and multifunctional products that could not be manufactured using traditional methods. In the...
Additive manufacturing of heat exchangers
In the refrigeration industry, additive manufacturing (colloquially referred to as “3D printing”) makes it possible to fabricate novel, complex and potentially more energy efficient...
Heat pump stock in Europe
This table presents the stock of installed heat pumps, the CO2 emissions avoided and the number of jobs in the heat pump sector in Europe.
Cryogenic nitrogen in the food and beverage industry
The adoption of cryogenic processes in the food and beverage industry is predominantly driven by liquid nitrogen (LIN), and it is the preferred candidate for food chilling and...
Hydrocarbon refrigerants
Hydrocarbons such as R290 (propane), R600a (isobutane) or R1270 (propene/propylene) are low GWP non-toxic natural refrigerants with excellent thermodynamic properties. They offer an...
Environmental impact of the ice cream industry
This summary document describes the environmental impact of ice cream manufacturing, which is mainly due to the energy consumption and refrigerants used.
Nanorefrigerants
Nanorefrigerants are created by adding nanoparticles in suspension to a base refrigerant. They have a thermal conductivity that is 15% to 104% higher than that of the corresponding...
Events
9 results
IIR event
15th IIR Conference on Phase-Change Materials and Slurries for Refrigeration and Air Conditioning
September 16, 2026 - September 18, 2026
Xi'an, China
Currently accepting full papers! The 15th IIR Conference on Phase-Change Materials and Slurries for...
Find out more
Sponsored event
9th International High Performance Buildings Conference at Purdue
July 12, 2026 - July 16, 2026
West Lafayette, IN, United States
A conference co-sponsored by the IIR Since 1972, Herrick Labs has hosted the premier international conferences on Compressor Engineering, Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning, and...
21st International Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Conference at Purdue
28th International Compressor Engineering Conference at Purdue
17th IIR-Gustav Lorentzen Conference on Natural Refrigerants (GL 2026)
August 23, 2026 - August 26, 2026
Hamilton, New Zealand
Submit your abstract! With the increasing need for global warming countermeasures, natural working fluids have become a clear vector to reducing the CO2 footprint of...
2026 China International Heat Pump Conference
October 13, 2026 - October 17, 2026
Shanghai, China
Following the resounding success of the 2nd China Heat Pump Conference (CHPC 2024) in Shenzhen, which gathered over 850 experts and delegates from 33 countries & regions, the upcoming 3rd CHPC in 2026 is poised to further expand its global...
Data Centers at a Crossroads: Energy, Cooling, and Policy Challenges
May 12, 2026
Register...
27th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration
August 21, 2027 - August 27, 2027
Seoul, Republic of Korea
Save the date! The International Congress of Refrigeration (ICR) is a leading global event in the field of refrigeration, organised by the International Institute of Refrigeration...
Other event
15th IEA Heat Pump Conference
May 26, 2026 - May 29, 2026
Vienna, Austria
Join the 15th IEA Heat Pump Conference, which will take place in Vienna, Austria,from May 26-29, 2026! The 15th IEA Heat Pump Conference, co-sponsored by IIR,...
