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IIR document
Efficient energy systems for the dry-cured meat industry.
Three dimensional modelling of water and salting kinetics in dry-cured ham for improved quality control.
Influence of binder and curing process on the magnetocaloric properties of bonded LaFeSiH alloys.
Experimental study on adsorption cooling performance of copper foams curing MIL-101/isobutane double bed system.
The influence of temperature modes during salting and resting stages on the mass transfer in dry-cured ham.
Influence of climate conditions on the energy consumption of refrigeration systems in the food processing industry.
Study on thermal comfort for university classrooms in pre-heating season in Xi'an.
Recommended by the IIR
The natural cryoprotectant honey for fertility cryopreservation.
Chemische Vorgänge beim Pökeln und Räuchern. 1. Pökeln.
Chemical reactions of curing and smoking. 1. Curing.
LIGHT CURING OF HERRING FILLETS FOR FREEZING AND FROZEN STORAGE.
COLOUR STABILITY OF CHILLED VACUUM PACKED CURED MEAT PRODUCTS DURING RETAIL DISPLAY.
EFFECT OF COOLING AND FREEZING ON SALT UPTAKE BY NORMAL AND PSE SWINE MUSCLES DURING THE CURING.
Predictive models of growth and survival of psychrotrophic bacteria in salted and cured meat products.
TIME-TEMPERATURE CONDITIONS IN THE CHILL CHAIN FOR VACUUM-PACKED CURED MEAT PRODUCTS.
Prosciutto crudo stagionato e confezionato in atmosfera modificata o in sottovuoto. Effetto di diversi additivi e dell'Aw sul comportamento di L. monocytogenes.
Additive and Aw influence on L. monocytogenes behaviour in dry-cured ham packaged both under vacuum and under MAP conditions.
Refrigeration sector monitoring
27 results
Capturing CO2 thanks to refrigeration
Intensive research into capturing the CO2 created in fossil-fuel-based electricity production has been carried out for several years by Alstom. One of the technologies used is post-combustion separation using a solvent (amine or chilled ammonia)....
Briefs: Accuracy of temperature-measuring equipment
Food Refrigeration & Process Engineering Research (FRPERC), University of Bristol (UK) has conducted studies on 3 types of temperature-monitoring equipment. The temperatures were measured between mock (tylose) food packs in 3 retail cabinets....
Spray freeze-drying technique for the manufacturing of pharmaceutical products
Some biopharmaceuticals such as vaccines have a short shelf life and must be handled with care. A recent literature review presents the spray freeze-drying technique as an interesting option for optimising the...
BSRIA Industry Presentation during Interclima
During Interclima, the French exhibition on energy efficiency in buildings which will take place in Paris Nord Villepinte, from November 4-8, 2013, BSRIA will conduct a free Industry Presentation.
Figuring out frozen food growth rates in Europe
According to Swiss research firm Food for Thought (FFT), European frozen food consumption in 2012 (14,456 million tonnes) is up 14% from 2010 (12,663 million in 2010).
Motor vehicle air-conditioning manufacturing in the U.S
The industry's revenue for the year 2012 was reported at USD 5.9 billion, with an estimated gross profit of 20.85%.
Household refrigerator and home freezer manufacturing in the US
The industry's revenue for the year 2012 reported at USD 3.5 billion, with 31.47% in estimated gross profit.
The global AC market during the Covid-19 pandemic
Exports and sales declined in most world markets in the first quarter of 2020. As the epicentre of the epidemic shifts, some markets are managing to rebound while others are likely to register a significant...
Household refrigerator and home freezer manufacturing industry in the US
Industry’s revenue for the year 2012 was reported at USD 3.5 billion, with an estimated gross profit of 31.47%.
Brief: WHO
WHO has donated three walk-in vaccine storage cold rooms worth 1.5 million birr (over 140 000 €) to Ethiopia. Two of the 30 m3 cold rooms were installed in Addis Ababa and the other in Mekele. They will be used to store USD 5 million worth of...
Heat pump market in Germany
German heat pump association BWP market figures remained in 2013 totaling 60,000 installations, destined mainly for the housing market.
US: Refrigerated warehouses capacity in 2013
Gross refrigerated storage capacity in the United States totalled 4.06 billion cubic feet (115 million m3) in October 2013, an increase of 2% since the previous survey was conducted two years ago.
India Cooling Action Plan
The Environment Ministry India Cooling Action Plan provides measures to address the expected 8-fold increase of the cooling demand until 2037-2038.
Efficiency of ground source heat pump systems
Ground source heat pumps (GHSP) have been reported to be more efficient than more widespread air source heat pumps despite higher installation costs. A recent article has reviewed parameters impacting the energy...
Latest progress of the LNG industry in Africa
Africa is expected to increase its share of LNG production by 2050. Emerging infrastructures and gas-specific regulations suggest that the region will become a major LNG hub.
IIR news
26 results
New IIR Working Party on LCCP evaluation: first meeting planned in Delft on June 28, 2012, during the 10th IIR-G. Lorentzen Conference
The IIR is inviting commission, private, and corporate members of the IIR and more generally all experts whose knowledge of the subject will benefit the working party to join it.
New in our Encyclopedia: additive manufacturing for refrigeration equipment
Additive manufacturing makes it possible to optimise the geometry and performance of cooling components such as heat exchangers and regenerators for caloric...
REAL Alternatives event during MOP32
A REAL Alternatives side meeting at the international MOP32 (Meeting of the Parties to the Montreal Protocol) was organised by the project partner ATF Italy on 25th November 2020.
New in our Encyclopedia. Ice cream manufacturing and its environmental impact.
A comprehensive review of the freezing process, market data and environmental impact of ice cream manufacturing.
Paris Agreement adopted during COP21: an accepted common framework for all nations
The Paris Agreement which was adopted during the Conference of Parties (COP21) on climate change is of the utmost importance.
Statement given by Didier Coulomb, Director General of the IIR, during COP 21
Statement given by Didier Coulomb, Director General of the International Institute of Refrigeration (IIR) during the 21st United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP 21) in Paris (November...
Statement given by Didier Coulomb, Director General of the IIR, during MOP 28
Statement Given by the Director General of the International Institute of Refrigeration (IIR) during the 28th Meeting of the Parties to the Montreal Protocol (MOP-28) in Kigali...
Statement given by Didier Coulomb, Director General of the IIR, during COP 25
Statement Given by the Director General of the International Institute of Refrigeration (IIR) during the 25th United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP 25), in Madrid (December 2-13, 2019).
Statement given by Didier Coulomb, Director General of the IIR, during MOP 31
Statement Given by the Director General of the International Institute of Refrigeration (IIR) during the 31st Meeting of the Parties to the Montreal Protocol (MOP-31) in Rome (November 4-8,...
Energy efficiency on the agenda for discussion during Montreal Protocol meetings in Vienna
Focus on the fruitful workshop on "the energy efficiency opportunities while phasing down hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs)", which preceded the 40th meeting of the Open-ended Working Group (OEWG40) of the Parties to the Montreal Protocol on Substances...
Statement given by Didier Coulomb, Director General of the IIR, during COP 26
Statement Given by the Director General of the International Institute of Refrigeration (IIR) during the 26th Conference of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (COP 26) in...
Statement given by Didier Coulomb, Director General of the IIR, during COP 27
Statement Given by the Director General of the International Institute of Refrigeration (IIR) during the 27th Conference of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (COP 27) in Charm...
Statement given by Didier Coulomb, Director General of the IIR, during MOP 34
Statement Given by the Director General of the International Institute of Refrigeration (IIR) during the 34th Meeting of the Parties to the Montreal Protocol (MOP-34) in Montréal, Canada (octobre 31 –...
Statement given by Didier Coulomb, Director General of the IIR, during MOP 35
Statement Given by the Director General of the International Institute of Refrigeration (IIR) during the 35th Meeting of the Parties to the Montreal Protocol (MOP-35) in Nairobi, Kenya (octobre 23 –...
Workshop on Supermarkets during the 5th IIR Conference on Sustainability and the Cold Chain
The workshop had the aim of presenting recent findings by the UK EUED joint project on supermarkets, the SuperSmart project and the HPT Annex44 project.
Encyclopedia of Refrigeration
11 results
Additive manufacturing of heat exchangers
In the refrigeration industry, additive manufacturing (colloquially referred to as “3D printing”) makes it possible to fabricate novel, complex and potentially more energy efficient...
Additive manufacturing of regenerators for caloric cooling
In many areas of engineering, additive manufacturing allows the production of complex and multifunctional products that could not be manufactured using traditional methods. In the...
Ice cream manufacturing, environmental impact and market data
From a physico-chemical point of view, ice cream is a complex, frozen multiphase mixture. The manufacturing process includes several stages of freezing which are described in this...
Environmental impact of the ice cream industry
This summary document describes the environmental impact of ice cream manufacturing, which is mainly due to the energy consumption and refrigerants used.
Cryogenics in the pharmaceutical industry: drug design and bioavailability improvement
Research activities in the pharmaceutical sector focus primarily on developing novel drug formulations which can elicit the desired response upon being administered to the patient...
Cryogenic nitrogen in the food and beverage industry
The adoption of cryogenic processes in the food and beverage industry is predominantly driven by liquid nitrogen (LIN), and it is the preferred candidate for food chilling and...
Cold storage conditions for fruits and vegetables
Practical recommendations for the cold storage of over 200 cultivars of fruits, vegetables and herbs (storage temperatures, relative humidity, storage time, controlled atmosphere...
Liquefied Natural Gas: production process and cold energy recovery
Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is natural gas that has been cooled to about -160 °C and turned into a liquid to facilitate transportation and storage. A typical LNG supply chain...
For IIR members only
Heat pump stock in Europe
This table presents the stock of installed heat pumps, the CO2 emissions avoided and the number of jobs in the heat pump sector in Europe.
Global warming potential (GWP) of HFC refrigerants
Using the latest updated data from UNEP’s RTOC 2022 report, we have compiled the 100-year GWP and 20-year GWP values of hydrofluorocarbon-based (HFC) refrigerants. Our table includes...
Hydrocarbon refrigerants
Hydrocarbons such as R290 (propane), R600a (isobutane) or R1270 (propene/propylene) are low GWP non-toxic natural refrigerants with excellent thermodynamic properties. They offer an...
Events
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Other event
21st International Conference & Exhibition on Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG2026)
February 02, 2026 - February 05, 2026
Doha, Qatar
Register...
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