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Drug therapy.

• Author(s) : MCGOWAN S.
• Publication date: 2017/05
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Manufacture, Temperature, Drug, Pharmaceutical industry, Humidity, Life cycle, Air conditioning
• Source: EcoLibrium - vol. 16 - n. 4
• Formats : PDF

Evaluación de riesgos en un almacén logístico de medicamentos biotecnológicos.

Risk assessment in a logistics warehouse of biotech drugs.

• Author(s) : MUÑOZ-ANTÓN J., GONZÁLEZ-MARIÑAS A., FERNÁNDEZ BENÍTEZ J. A., et al.
• Publication date: 2016/05/03
• Languages : Spanish
• Keywords : Cold chain, Temperature, Recommendation, Drug, Pharmaceutical industry, Control (generic)
• Source: CYTEF 2016. VIII Congreso Ibérico y VI Congreso Iberoamericano de las Ciencias y Técnicas del Frío, Coimbra-Portugal, 3-6 mayo, 2016.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Safe reliable drug substance transfers via frozen storage and logistics in single-use containers.

• Author(s) : GENTILE C., MARCINIAK M.
• Publication date: 2016/09/08
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Logistics, Biological material, Storage, Drug, Pharmaceutical industry, Container, Freezing
• Source: 2^nd IIR Workshop on cold applications in life sciences.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Strategies for the design of bi-layer scaffolds for the regenerative medicine and tissue engineering.

• Author(s) : REINSCH H., KRETSCHMER R., HEIDINGSFELDER J.
• Publication date: 2016/09/08
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Cell, Tissue, Design, Regeneration, Drug
• Source: 2^nd IIR Workshop on cold applications in life sciences.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Scientific conception of freezing steps as a part of pharmaceutical platform technologies.

• Author(s) : HEIDINGSFELDER J., REINSCH H., SPOERL G., et al.
• Publication date: 2016/09/08
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Protein, Drug, Pharmaceutical industry, Expérimentation, Freezing
• Source: 2^nd IIR Workshop on cold applications in life sciences.
• Formats : PDF

Attitudes, comportements et croyances des patients à l'encontre des médicaments thermosensibles.

Patients’ attitudes, behaviours and beliefs about temperature-sensitive drugs.

• Author(s) : MERDJI M., KHEDHAOURIA A., CAVALIER G.
• Publication date: 2016/07
• Languages : French
• Source: Revue générale du Froid & du Conditionnement d'air - vol. 104 - n. 1158

Sistemas de refrigeração para conservação de produtos médicos nos estabelecimentos públicos de cuidados de saúde da união europeia: estudo de mercado.

Cooling systems for the medical products preservation in public health care institutions of the European Union: market research.

• Author(s) : RAIMUNDO A., FEIRREIRA J. J., SILVA C.
• Publication date: 2016/05/03
• Languages : Portuguese
• Keywords : Refrigerating system, Refrigerating equipment, European Union, Health, Drug, Hospital
• Source: CYTEF 2016. VIII Congreso Ibérico y VI Congreso Iberoamericano de las Ciencias y Técnicas del Frío, Coimbra-Portugal, 3-6 mayo, 2016.
• Formats : PDF

La livraison des médicaments froids au CHRU de Caen.

Delivering refrigerated medicines to the Caen University Hospital.

• Author(s) : LECHEVALLIER P., CASTEL C., SAINT-LORANT G.
• Publication date: 2016/11
• Languages : French
• Keywords : France, Cold chain, Transport, Storage, Drug, Hospital, Case study, Distribution
• Source: Revue générale du Froid & du Conditionnement d'air - n.1160

Pharmaceutical Cryogenic Technologies.

• Author(s) : SAHAKIJPIJARN S., MOON C., WILLIAMS R. O.
• Publication date: 2022
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Drug, Spray, Freeze-drying, Cryogenics, Liquid nitrogen, Liquefied gas, Film, Freezing

La qualification du transport de médicaments thermosensibles.

Qualification of heat-sensitive medicine transport.

• Author(s) : LINDENBERG F., MARTEL B., GUILLARD P., et al.
• Publication date: 2017/03
• Languages : French
• Keywords : France, Cold chain, Certification, Refrigerated transport, Temperature, Serum, Drug, Container
• Source: Revue générale du Froid & du Conditionnement d'air - n.1162

Les référentiels de qualification des caisses isothermes comparés.

Comparison of qualification standards for insulated boxes.

• Author(s) : KACIMI A.
• Publication date: 2017/03
• Languages : French
• Keywords : Standardization, Insulated box, Cold chain, Temperature, Health product, Drug, Europe
• Source: Revue générale du Froid & du Conditionnement d'air - n.1162

Les systèmes de froid dans le domaine du médicament: perspectives et évolutions.

Refrigeration systems applied to medicine: developments and prospects.

• Author(s) : RIVET P.
• Publication date: 2017/03
• Languages : French
• Keywords : Regulations, Refrigerating equipment, Generality, European Union, Cold chain, Drug, Refrigerant
• Source: Revue générale du Froid & du Conditionnement d'air - n.1162

Granulation par voie cryogénique pour des formulations pharmaceutiques et alimentaires.

Cryogenic granulation for food and pharmaceutical formulations.

• Author(s) : PATHIER D.
• Publication date: 2017/07
• Languages : French
• Keywords : Granule, Food, Liquid nitrogen, Cooling tower, Drug, Expérimentation, Cryogenics, Preservation
• Source: Revue générale du Froid & du Conditionnement d'air - n.1164

Gagner le pari du respect de la chaîne du froid dans un centre hospitalier.

Winning the challenge of complying with the cold chain in a hospital centre.

• Author(s) : PERDRIEL A.
• Publication date: 2018/01
• Languages : French
• Keywords : Road transport, Cold chain, Drug, Hospital, Case study, Insulated container, Distribution
• Source: Revue générale du Froid & du Conditionnement d'air - n.1167

La qualité de la chaîne du froid en établissement de santé.

The quality of the cold chain in a health facility.

• Author(s) : ROYER M., CAPPE A., MEMBRE S., et al.
• Publication date: 2018/01
• Languages : French
• Keywords : Generality, Safety, Cold chain, Quality, Storage, Health product, Drug, Hospital, Preservation
• Source: Revue générale du Froid & du Conditionnement d'air - n.1167

Tracking drugs and life-sciences goods thanks to RFID temperature tag

DHL Global Forwarding has commercialized DHL Thermonet, an RFID-based air-freight service allowing customers to track the temperatures of their goods throughout the shipping process.

• Publication date : 2013/09/08

Hydrogen update

Torild Skogsholm, Norway's Minister of Transport and Communication, has announced that Norway intends to create a hydrogen highway. The NOK 30 million (roughly 3.8 million €) Hydro-led HyNor project will make it possible to drive from Oslo to...

• Publication date : 2005/07/19

Hydrogen highways

Stuart Energy Systems Corporation, a Canadian company, has exported over 1100 hydrogen systems to over 100 countries. Stuart recently won a major contract with the South Coast Air Quality Management District (AQMD) in the US. Stuart will supply...

• Publication date : 2005/02/11

Briefs: Hydrogen buses

Canada is rolling out a 1-year pilot hydrogen project across the country. Two hydrogen-fuelled buses are to come into service in Charlottetown. Each bus will run on a H2 combustion engine and will carry 12 passengers. The federal government is...

• Publication date : 2008/02/12

Hydrogen technology: Cryogenic Engine

A liquid oxygen-hydrogen pump fed engine achieved a major technical milestone in throttling capability. It is designed to demonstrate successful throttling from full power down to 10% of its thrust. This flexibility to control the flow of fuel...

• Publication date : 2007/11/20

Hydrogen technology: Global Observer

Demand for unmanned aerial vehicles is soaring and companies are racing to produce systems that fly higher for longer periods and can carry heavier payloads. AeroVironment Inc.'s Global Observer can fly at around 20 000 m for as long as a week and...

• Publication date : 2007/11/20

Green hydrogen production project in Namibia

In partnership with a French-German consortium, the Namibian government plans to develop a green hydrogen production facility. Although some of the funding may be secured as early as...

• Publication date : 2022/01/18
• Subjects: Developing country

First liquefied hydrogen carrier launched in Japan

In line with its commitment to pave the way for the first "Hydrogen Society", Japan intends to use this carrier to transport hydrogen from Australia, where it is produced from lignite.

• Publication date : 2020/02/05

Recent advances in hydrogen liquefaction and storage

Several review articles present a comprehensive overview of the liquid hydrogen supply chain. IIR members Linde and Air Liquide are contributing to address the global demand for...

• Publication date : 2023/06/28
• Subjects: Technology

Liquid hydrogen as a transportation fuel

With ever-rising petrol prices and global warming issues, alternative fuels for transportation are high up on the priority list. Hydrogen is already used for this purpose in fuel cell vehicles, but liquid-hydrogen-automobile technology is...

• Publication date : 2006/11/15

Briefs: Fill ’er up with hydrogen!

The Linde Group, a corporate member of the IIR, recently inaugurated its Hydrogen Centre in Loohhof, near Munich. The 3-million € centre brings the hydrogen highway system a step closer to an economic reality and will serve as a filling station...

• Publication date : 2007/02/12

Magnetic refrigeration, a promising technology for the liquefaction of hydrogen

A keynote at the recent IIR Congress highlights magnetic refrigeration as a technology with high potential for the liquefaction of hydrogen, an essential energy vector for decarbonisation. 

• Publication date : 2023/11/28

Hydrogen liquefaction using a new magnetic cooling technique.

A recent study proposes a technique that could be used for hydrogen liquefaction using magnetic refrigeration at low temperatures.

• Publication date : 2021/04/15
• Subjects: Technology

Briefs: Mahindra introduces Hy-Alfa hydrogen-powered three-wheeler

Three-wheeled vehicles are common on the streets in India. However, these vehicles are generally either human-powered or they run on gasoline, often using highly polluting two-stroke motors. Mahindra, a major vehicle manufacturer in India, has its...

• Publication date : 2010/03/07

Brief: Crumbling sales in the refrigerated and frozen dough market

Sales in the refrigerated and frozen dough market in the US reached USD 1.3 billion in 2005, excluding Wal-Mart (the country's largest supermarket chain). This is a direct retaliation by manufacturers in the refrigerated/frozen dough market, which...

• Publication date : 2006/05/05

News from IIR members: Sofrigam

The number of drugs (e.g. targeted therapies, new vaccines, anti-diabetic drugs and blood derivatives) transported and kept at a controlled temperature is growing rapidly and these products are increasingly sensitive to temperature variations. In...

• Publication date : 2008/08/12

New in our Encyclopedia: cryogenics in the pharmaceutical industry

This summary document presents the potential applications of liquid cryogens in the pharmaceutical sector. 

• Publication date : 2022/12/15
• Subjects: Technology

IIR Corporate members: briefs

- Air Liquide's new LENOXeTM anaesthetic drug was recently presented at the European Congress of Anaesthesiology in Munich, Germany. It is due for commercial release in 12 European countries by the end of 2007. LENOXeTM is based on xenon (Xe), an...

• Publication date : 2007/11/20

New in our Encyclopedia. Cryogenic nitrogen in the food and beverage industry 

This summary document presents the applications of cryogenic nitrogen in the food and beverage industry .

• Publication date : 2023/06/27
• Subjects: Technology

The long awaited ICR2015 is underway!

Held every four years, this year ICR2015 welcomes 1,011 conference delegates from 55 countries, making it a truly global refrigeration event.

• Publication date : 2015/08/19

News from IIR members: GDF-SUEZ

GDF SUEZ continues to develop its small scale liquefied natural gas (LNG) activities in North West Europe following the awarding by Fluxys of additional berthing and storage capacity long-term rights at the Zeebrugge LNG terminal.

• Publication date : 2013/06/20

Obituary: Pega Hrnjak

The IIR is deeply saddened to learn that Professor Predrag (Pega) Hrnjak passed away on August 31, 2022, at the age of 70.

• Publication date : 2022/09/02

The IIR worldwide (June 2019)

Focus on the latest IIR interventions around the world.

• Publication date : 2019/06/28

Member news: Latest news from Air Liquide

Air Liquid inaugurates a low-carbon hydrogen production unit and promotes the development of helium refrigeration. 

• Publication date : 2021/02/23

Cryogenics in the pharmaceutical industry: drug design and bioavailability improvement

Research activities in the pharmaceutical sector focus primarily on developing novel drug formulations which can elicit the desired response upon being administered to the patient...

• Last update : 2023/03/10
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Freeze-drying in biology and medicine, Cryobiology, cryomedicine: general information

Additive manufacturing of regenerators for caloric cooling

In many areas of engineering, additive manufacturing allows the production of complex and multifunctional products that could not be manufactured using traditional methods. In the...

• Last update : 2022/09/16
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Caloric cooling (magnetocaloric, electrocaloric, elastocaloric and barocaloric cooling)

Additive manufacturing of heat exchangers

In the refrigeration industry, additive manufacturing (colloquially referred to as “3D printing”) makes it possible to fabricate novel, complex and potentially more energy efficient...

• Last update : 2022/09/07
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Evaporators, condensers and other heat exchangers

Liquefied Natural Gas: production process and cold energy recovery

Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is natural gas that has been cooled to about -160 °C and turned into a liquid to facilitate transportation and storage. A typical LNG supply chain...

• Last update : 2023/06/23
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : LNG and LPG