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IIR document
Measurements of pρTx and specific heat capacity cv for (R290 + R1243zf) binary mixtures at temperatures from (292 to 350) K and pressures up to 11 MPa.
Separation of binary mixtures based on helium and heavy inert gases.
Experimental investigation and new correlation for the bubble departure diameter of methane and ethane binary mixtures during nucleate pool boiling.
Recommended by the IIR / IIR document
Overview of low GWP mixtures for the replacement of HFC refrigerants: R134a, R404A and R410A.
Étude des mélanges à faible PRP pour le remplacement des frigorigénes HFC R134a, R404A et R410A.
PVTx properties for carbon dioxide (CO2)/difluoromethane (R32)/1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (R134a) ternary mixture measured in the compressed liquid, superheated vapour, and two-phase regions.
Propriétés PVTx du mélange ternaire dioxyde de carbone (CO2)/difluorométhane(R-32)/1,1,1,2-tétrafluoroéthane (R-134a) mesuré à l'état de liquide comprimé, de vapeur surchauffée et diphasique
Experimental development of alternative mixtures to isobutane. Energy optimization.
Experimental assessment of CO2/R-152a mixtures in a refrigeration plant with integrated mechanical subcooling.
Experimental investigation of thermophysical properties of lubricant refrigerant mixtures.
Recommended by the IIR
Análisis teórico y experimental de la sustitución del R-404A con la mezcla R-454A.
Theoretical and experimental analysis of the substitution of R-404A with the R-454A mixture.
Modeling of vapor–liquid–liquid equilibria in binary mixtures.
Improving R600a efficiency: RE170/R600 natural mixture experimental analysis.
Transport properties for refrigerant mixtures.
New refrigerant mixtures with low GWP.
Estimating the viscosity of pure refrigerants and their mixtures by free-volume theory.
A numerical investigation of flow boiling of non-azeotropic and near-azeotropic binary mixtures.
Refrigeration sector monitoring
48 results
Alternative mixtures for R134a
A NIST study identifies 23 non-flammable or slightly flammable mixtures as R134a alternatives in air conditioning.
Low GWP blends for domestic air conditioning
A review article presents the latest research trends on low GWP refrigerants, mainly HFC/HFO blends, for domestic air conditioning.
A study assesses alternative mixtures to two pure hydrocarbon refrigerants
An article reviews more than 11,000 mixtures of refrigerants that could be interesting alternatives to pure R290 and R600a.
Refrigerant blends may offer alternative to R134a
Research released by SAE provide further evidence that Mexichem Fluor's refrigerant blends AC5 and AC6 could offer EU regulation compliant alternatives to R134a in automotive air conditioning.
Heat pumps: an approach to select the highest performing refrigerant mixture
One of the most downloaded IJR articles in 2019 concludes that zeotropic mixtures have the potential to significantly improve both the thermodynamic and economic performance of heat pumps in suitable applications.
A new non-flammable mixture to boost the performance of CO2 systems
In a recent IJR article, researchers propose combining R744 with Dimethyl-ether (DME) to boost system performance while ensuring safety and low environmental impact, in a recent IJR...
HFC134a/HFO1234yf mixture: lower GWP without flammability
A recent study* published in the International Journal of Refrigeration (IJR) by Inha University, South Korea, compared the performance of HFC134a, HFO1234yf and HFO1234yf/HFC134a mixtures at three compositions of 5%, 10% and 15% HFC134a
State of the art on the flammability of HFOs
An article recently published in the IJR reviews the flammability characteristics of 48 HFOs and blends for various experimental conditions.
ICR 2019: an overview of current refrigeration research (part I)
Presentation of the main scientific and technical topics covered in the papers of the 25th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration and summary of some of the 14 keynotes.
IIR Member news - Solstice N41 (R466A), a new refrigerant from Honeywell
Focus on a brand new refrigerant Solstice N41 (or R466A) which could represent an interesting alternative to R410A in air conditioning.
Supermarkets: retrofit of refrigerating systems from R404A to R449A
Two examples of retrofitting supermarket refrigerating systems from R404A to R449A.
WhatGas, a smartphone application listing refrigerants
OzonAction has launched a useful application to identify refrigerant gases.
Reducing the environmental impact of ultra-low temperature refrigeration systems
Ultra-low temperature (ULT) refrigeration systems often use very high-GWP HFCs. Yet, ULT systems are excluded from the scope of the regulations aimed at phasing-down HFCs. An IJR paper reviews the most promising...
Latest research on ammonia-based absorption refrigeration systems
A recent article has reviewed literature on absorption chillers that use ammonia as a refrigerant, along with water (H2O), lithium nitrate (LiNO3), and lithium nitrate + water...
The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) updates its list of low GWP refrigerants
The US EPA has added new lower GWP refrigerants and expanded the acceptable uses of others in its latest changes to the Significant New Alternatives Policy (SNAP) programme.
IIR news
14 results
Submit your abstracts to the 3rd IIR Conference on HFO Refrigerants and Low GWP Blends
To be organised by the Chinese Association of Refrigeration (CAR), the call for abstracts for the 2023 IIR Conference on HFOs has now been launched. Submit...
Member news: Koura introduces new refrigerant for air conditioning
Refrigerant manufacturer Koura recently introduced R468C, a refrigerant that could replace R410A in air conditioning systems.
HFO 2023: Call for abstracts extended until September 30!
The call for abstracts for the 2023 IIR Conference on HFOs, to be hosted by the Chinese Association of Refrigeration (CAR), has been extended to September 30, 2022!
The Mostra Convegno exhibition
In March 2018 the IIR participated in one of the biggest exhibitions on refrigeration technologies, Mostra Convegno, which took place, as always, in Milan.
IIR member news: Johnson Controls YORK chiller optimised for R1233zd(E)
The YORK YZ magnetic bearing centrifugal chiller, produced by Johnson Controls, is said to be the first chiller fully optimized for ultimate performance with the low-global warming potential refrigerant R1233zd(E).
New in the Encyclopedia: updated GWP values for HFCs
Find all the GWP values over 100 years and 20 years for hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) refrigerants.
Past events: The IIR around the world, April 2023
This month, the IIR conference on HFOs welcomed 200 delegates, and one of Asia's largest exhibitions in HVACR, China Refrigeration, set a new record with 60,000 visitors and 1,100 exhibitors.
New IIR Informatory Note. Low-GWP Refrigerants: Status and Outlook
The latest IIR Informatory Note outlines the options available for low-GWP refrigerants and their respective performance. It provides a series of recommendations on refrigerant...
Discover the IIR Conference papers from 2021
Thanks to the support of its international network, last year, the IIR organised a staggering seven conferences dedicated to key themes of refrigeration.
Call for abstracts: IIR Compressors Conference 2020
Set to celebrate its 10th anniversary edition in the series, the IIR next Conference on Compressors and Refrigerants has launched a call for abstracts. Don't miss the deadline!
IIR Conference overview: 5th IIR Conference on Thermophysical Properties and Transfer Processes of Refrigerants - TPTPR2017
With over 150 participants from 12 countries, the 5th IIR Conference on Thermophysical Properties and Transfer Processes of Refrigerants featured 85 technical presentations, including six plenary keynote lectures.
Focus on the last events in June 2021
In June 2021, the IIR organised two conferences: Thermag and HFO. It also participated in the European Conferences on the latest technologies in refrigeration and air conditioning organised by Centro Studi...
Call for industrial partners for joint industry cryogenics project linked to LNG production
Become a project partner: Join the Joint Industry Project of MINES ParisTech – ARMINES “Evaluation of the crystallization risk in LNG production”.
IC2015 Workshops: An opportunity to join, share and build together
ICR2015: A chance to actively participate in the innovation of refrigeration.
Encyclopedia of Refrigeration
10 results
Thermophysical properties of hydrocarbon refrigerants
Thermophysical properties of over 20 hydrocarbon refrigerants, including single-component and blends.
Thermophysical properties of HFO refrigerants
Thermophysical properties of over 50 HFO refrigerants, including single-component and blends.
Thermophysical properties of HFC refrigerants
Thermophysical properties of over 100 HFC refrigerants, including single-component and blends.
Global warming potential (GWP) of HFC refrigerants
Using the latest updated data from UNEP’s RTOC 2022 report, we have compiled the 100-year GWP and 20-year GWP values of hydrofluorocarbon-based (HFC) refrigerants. Our table includes...
Liquefied Natural Gas: production process and cold energy recovery
Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is natural gas that has been cooled to about -160 °C and turned into a liquid to facilitate transportation and storage. A typical LNG supply chain...
Ice cream manufacturing, environmental impact and market data
From a physico-chemical point of view, ice cream is a complex, frozen multiphase mixture. The manufacturing process includes several stages of freezing which are described in this...
Environmental impact of the ice cream industry
This summary document describes the environmental impact of ice cream manufacturing, which is mainly due to the energy consumption and refrigerants used.
Nanorefrigerants
Nanorefrigerants are created by adding nanoparticles in suspension to a base refrigerant. They have a thermal conductivity that is 15% to 104% higher than that of the corresponding...
Cryogenic nitrogen in the food and beverage industry
The adoption of cryogenic processes in the food and beverage industry is predominantly driven by liquid nitrogen (LIN), and it is the preferred candidate for food chilling and...
Hydrocarbon refrigerants
Hydrocarbons such as R290 (propane), R600a (isobutane) or R1270 (propene/propylene) are low GWP non-toxic natural refrigerants with excellent thermodynamic properties. They offer an...
