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Unchecked. The fluorochemical industry's scandalous HFC-23 by-product emissions amid the climate crisis.

• Author(s) : EIA
• Publication date: 2024/10
• Languages : English
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Investigation on the effect of freezing temperature on soy protein denaturation.

• Author(s) : FUKADA R., REDO M. A., WATANABE M.
• Publication date: 2024/06/11
• Languages : English
• Source: 8^th IIR International Conference on Sustainability and the Cold Chain. Proceedings: June 9-11 2024
• Formats : PDF

A study into the impact of chloride ions on the make-up hydrogen compressors.

• Author(s) : FOULANDIVANDA M., HEIDARY M. A.
• Publication date: 2021/09
• Languages : English
• Source: 12^th International Conference on Compressors and their Systems
• Formats : PDF

Chemical compatibility of high performance engineering thermoplastics in compressor environments.

• Author(s) : PAI-PARANJAPE V., ZIEGLER C.
• Publication date: 2014/07/14
• Languages : English
• Source: 2014 Purdue Conferences. 15th International Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning Conference at Purdue.
• Formats : PDF

Dehydration and hydration reactivity of La-based mixed hydroxides for chemical heat storage.

• Author(s) : RYU J., ISHITOBI H., KATO Y.
• Publication date: 2014/03/02
• Languages : English
• Source: International sorption heat pump conference (ISHPC2014), College Park, United States, March 31-April 2, 2014.
• Formats : PDF

Recommended by the IIR

The Freeze-Drying of Foods—The Characteristic of the Process Course and the Effect of Its Parameters on the Physical Properties of Food Materials

• Author(s) : NOWAK D., JAKUBCZYK E.
• Publication date: 2020/10
• Languages : English
• Source: Foods - vol. 9 - n. 10
• Formats : PDF

Myofibrillar Protein Interacting with Trehalose Elevated the Quality of Frozen Meat.

• Author(s) : XU S., LI P., HAN F., ZHOU H., ZHOU K., WANG Y., CAI K., LI C., XU B.
• Publication date: 2022/04
• Languages : English
• Source: Foods - vol. 11 - n. 7
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Assessment of gelatin hydrolysates from threadfin bream (Nemipterus hexodon) skin as a cryoprotectant for denaturation prevention of threadfin bream natural actomyosin subjected to different freeze-thaw cycles.

• Author(s) : KUEPETHKAEW S., KLOMKLAO S., BENJAKUL S., BETTI M., SIMPSON B. K.
• Publication date: 2022/11
• Languages : English
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 143
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Effect of freezing on the physicochemical, bioelectrochemical and mechanical properties and microstructure of different apple cultivars.

• Author(s) : LEE Y., WATANABE T.
• Publication date: 2023/08/21
• Languages : English
• Source: Proceedings of the 26^th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration: Paris , France, August 21-25, 2023.
• Formats : PDF

EU F-Gas Regulation guidance. Information sheet 3: industrial refrigeration.

• Author(s) : Gluckman Consulting, Defra (Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs), Jacobs
• Publication date: 2015/01
• Languages : English
• Source: gluckmanconsulting.com

The use of filtered air curtains along with antimicrobial ice improves the quality and shelf life of fresh fish in refrigerated open display cases.

• Author(s) : LÓPEZ GÓMEZ A., NAVARRO SEGURA L., HASA S. G., ROS-CHUMILLAS M., MARTÍNEZ HERNÁNDEZ G. B.
• Publication date: 2022/04
• Languages : English
• Source: XI Congreso Ibérico y IX Congreso Iberoamericano de Ciencias y Técnicas del Frío, CYTEF 2022.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

CONSERVATION DES FRUITS TRAITES AVEC DES PRODUITS CHIMIQUES.

STORAGE OF FRUIT TREATED WITH CHEMICALS.

• Author(s) : KOLEV D. P.
• Publication date: 1983/08/07
• Languages : French
• Source: [Refrigeration serving humanity]. Proceedings of the XVI^th international Congress of Refrigeration.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

METHODE D'ENTREPOSAGE DE POMMES DE TERRE TRAITEES PAR DES PRODUITS CHIMIQUES.

STORAGE PROCESS FOR POTATOES TREATED WITH CHEMICALS.

• Author(s) : KOLEV D. P.
• Publication date: 1987/08/24
• Languages : French
• Source: Development in refrigeration, refrigeration for development. Proceedings of the XVIIth international Congress of Refrigeration.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

DEVELOPMENT OF THE TOXICOLOGY PROFILE OF A CHEMICAL COMPOUND.

• Author(s) : GARNY V.
• Publication date: 1990/03/19
• Languages : French
• Source: 1990: refrigeration and CFCs. International Colloquium of Brussels, Belgium, March 19-20, 1990.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

QUANTITES RESIDUELLES DE PRODUITS CHIMIQUES DANS DES POMMES DE TERRE TRAITEES, MESUREES AU COURS DE L'ENTREPOSAGE.

RESIDUAL AMOUNTS OF CHEMICALS IN TREATED POTATOES, MEASURED DURING STORAGE.

• Author(s) : KOLEV D. P., MAROUDOV G. A.
• Publication date: 1987/08/24
• Languages : French
• Source: Development in refrigeration, refrigeration for development. Proceedings of the XVIIth international Congress of Refrigeration.
• Formats : PDF

Global fluorochemicals market

The global fluorochemicals industry was valued at USD 15.3 billion in 2011 and is expected to generate revenue of USD 21.5 billion by 2018, growing at a CAGR of 5% from 2012 to 2018.

• Publication date : 2014/04/07
• Subjects: HFCs alternatives

Global fluorochemicals market expected to reach USD 25 billion by 2020

HCFC refrigerants still account for over 60% of the total fluorocarbon market worldwide, according to a new report.

• Publication date : 2014/04/30
• Subjects: Figures, economy

Cryochemistry: chemical reactions accelerated by freezing

Surprisingly, some chemical reactions can be accelerated by freezing. The possible applications of studying such cryoreactions include the food and pharmaceutical cold chain, as well...

• Publication date : 2022/02/28
• Subjects: Technology, Environment

Update on the global regulation on refrigerants

Global regulations on fluorinated gases are evolving, with new ratifications of the Kigali Amendment (including China), the updating of the GWP of certain refrigerants by the IPCC, and five European countries...

• Publication date : 2021/09/07
• Subjects: HFCs alternatives, Regulation

Reducing food waste: can we keep open canned sardines in the refrigerator?

Researchers from the University of Porto studied the shelf life at 4°C of open canned sardines, depending on the type of seasoning (sardines in brine, vegetable oil, tomato...

• Publication date : 2022/08/16
• Subjects: General information

How to reuse the condensate water from air conditioners?

Review of the different uses of the condensate water rejected by air conditioners.

• Publication date : 2020/09/04
• Subjects: Developing country

Novel catalysts to address overheating in hypersonic aircraft

Researchers at Australia's RMIT University have developed 3D-printed catalysts to address the challenge of overheating in hypersonic aircraft and possibly other industrial...

• Publication date : 2021/10/22
• Subjects: Technology

For IIR members only

Unchecked emissions of R23 challenge climate and sustainable refrigeration goals

Despite regulations under the Montreal Protocol, emissions of R23, a high-GWP HFC used in ultra-low temperature refrigeration, remain unexpectedly high, raising concerns for sustainable refrigeration...

• Publication date : 2024/12/04
• Subjects: Regulation, Environment

Latest regulatory news: REACH regulation, HFC tax in France and adoption of the Kigali Amendment in the United States.

Further postponement of the REACH regulation and the HFC tax in France. Adoption of the Kigali Amendment in the US. 

• Publication date : 2022/12/12
• Subjects: Regulation

Novel desiccant materials for more energy-efficient AC systems

Teams of researchers at MIT and at Texas A&M University have developed novel desiccant materials that could lead to more energy-efficient and economical room air conditioners and...

• Publication date : 2021/04/28
• Subjects: Technology

For IIR members only

24 European countries offer financial support for industrial heat pumps

According to an EHPA report, nearly all European countries offer financial subsidies or support for companies to invest in industrial heat pumps.

• Publication date : 2024/12/17
• Subjects: General information

Refrigeration innovations for the avocado market

The booming global avocado market calls for increasing standards of quality. Refrigeration technologies offer cutting-edge solutions for fruit ripening and seed preservation for future crops.

• Publication date : 2020/10/22

A must-read in the IJR: a review of storage temperatures for biological material

To improve storage efficiency, the authors of a review article take stock of storage temperatures for biological material (cells, proteins, DNA, etc).

• Publication date : 2024/04/26
• Subjects: Technology

Road to COP28. How can we achieve sustainability in gas processing and liquefaction?

In gas processing plants, focus should be set on non-flaring operation and reduction of releases caused by leaks, says Dr Heinz Bauer, IIR expert....

• Publication date : 2023/03/28
• Subjects: Technology, General information

Autonomous cooling system for food deliveries in the city centre

Coldway Technologies is developing an electric scooter coupled with a self-contained cool box for food delivery in the city centre.

• Publication date : 2019/08/29

Heat pumps, the central theme of the recent IIR Congress

An overview of the research carried out in the field of heat pumps, with the aim of achieving greater flexibility and increased energy efficiency, in particular through to the use of thermal energy...

• Publication date : 2023/10/24

The long awaited ICR2015 is underway!

Held every four years, this year ICR2015 welcomes 1,011 conference delegates from 55 countries, making it a truly global refrigeration event.

• Publication date : 2015/08/19

The essential role of refrigeration in the combat against COVID-19

Statement of the International Institute of Refrigeration calling governments to consider refrigeration-related services as “essential services” in the context of the current health crisis due to COVID-19.

• Publication date : 2020/04/14
• Subjects: Figures, economy, Regulation, Technology, Environment, General information, Developing country

IIR Working Group on the Cold Chain in Warm Countries appoints a new chairperson

Newly appointed chairperson, Halima Thraya, will oversee and coordinate the various efforts and projects carried out by the Working Group.

• Publication date : 2015/06/03

Editorial by Mrs. Sylvie Lemmet

The refrigeration and air conditioning (RAC) industry is remarkable for its contribution to sustainable development and indeed to the United Nations' Millennium Development Goals. Preservation of perishable food and medicines has resulted in...

• Publication date : 2007/08/05

CRH 2015 - China Refrigeration 2015

Continued focus on providing persistent improvement and innovation in the HVAC&R industry. Highlights included a Demonstration Pavilion for cold chain solutions, Ozone2Climate Roadshow & Roundtable, and a side-event covering EU F-gas...

• Publication date : 2015/04/15

March 2023: An active communication and awareness campaign for INDEE+

March 2023 was marked by a series of communication events for INDEE+, gathering all project partners and key Indian HVAC&R stakeholders in India.

• Publication date : 2023/04/26
• Subjects: Developing country

New IIR Working Groups focus on core matters in refrigeration

IIR Working Groups (WGs) operate on a temporary basis and bring together specialists to work on projects concerning current technological, social or economic issues linked to refrigeration. Their aim is to promote development, provide knowledge...

• Publication date : 2018/10/02

Ice cream manufacturing, environmental impact and market data

From a physico-chemical point of view, ice cream is a complex, frozen multiphase mixture. The manufacturing process includes several stages of freezing which are described in this...

• Last update : 2023/06/30
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Ice creams

Cryogenic nitrogen in the food and beverage industry

The adoption of cryogenic processes in the food and beverage industry is predominantly driven by liquid nitrogen (LIN), and it is the preferred candidate for food chilling and...

• Last update : 2023/11/07
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Freezing of foodstuffs

Hydrocarbon refrigerants

Hydrocarbons such as R290 (propane), R600a (isobutane) or R1270 (propene/propylene) are low GWP non-toxic natural refrigerants with excellent thermodynamic properties. They offer an...

• Last update : 2022/06/22
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Hydrocarbons, Containment, refrigerant charge reduction

Cryogenics in the pharmaceutical industry: drug design and bioavailability improvement

Research activities in the pharmaceutical sector focus primarily on developing novel drug formulations which can elicit the desired response upon being administered to the patient...

• Last update : 2023/03/10
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Freeze-drying in biology and medicine, Cryobiology, cryomedicine: general information

Additive manufacturing of heat exchangers

In the refrigeration industry, additive manufacturing (colloquially referred to as “3D printing”) makes it possible to fabricate novel, complex and potentially more energy efficient...

• Last update : 2022/09/07
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Evaporators, condensers and other heat exchangers

Liquefied Natural Gas: production process and cold energy recovery

Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is natural gas that has been cooled to about -160 °C and turned into a liquid to facilitate transportation and storage. A typical LNG supply chain...

• Last update : 2023/06/23
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : LNG and LPG