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World LNG Summit 2012: GDI Report.

• Author(s) : ROBERTS P.
• Publication date: 2012/11/27
• Languages : English

2012 IARW global cold storage capacity report.

• Author(s) : SALIN V.
• Publication date: 2012
• Languages : English

The LNG industry in 2012.

• Publication date: 2012
• Languages : English

Problems of the air-conditioning and ventilation system designing in industrial factory buildings.

[In Chinese. / En chinois.]

• Author(s) : YE M.
• Publication date: 2012/01
• Languages : Chinese
• Source: HV & AC - vol. 42 - n. 259
• Formats : PDF

Replacement of R404A in supermarkets

R404A is particularly targeted by the EU F-gas Regulation and many refrigerant producers announced important price rises. Various option can be considered to replace it.

• Publication date : 2017/12/12
• Subjects: HFCs alternatives

Announcement for 2007 ASHRAE Refrigeration Awards

Refrigeration Committee awards to be presented at the 2008 summer meeting will be for new refrigeration technology applied in a unique manner. Two awards will be made: - Milton W. Garland Commemorative Refrigeration Award for Project Excellence...

• Publication date : 2007/04/25

Replacement plan for R22 chillers at Canberra's Parliament.

Australia is committed to drastically phasing out HCFCs as from 2016.

• Publication date : 2015/10/15

Agreement on air conditioner efficiency standards in the US

On November 11, 2004, air conditioner manufacturers and energy efficiency advocates in the US announced a consensus agreement on equipment efficiency standards for air conditioners and heat pumps. The current federal standard, Energy Efficiency...

• Publication date : 2005/02/11

Consensus agreement on air conditioner efficiency standards in the US

On November 11, 2004, air conditioner manufacturers and energy efficiency advocates in the US announced that they had reached a consensus agreement on federal equipment efficiency standards for air conditioners and heat pumps used in many...

• Publication date : 2004/11/25

Household refrigerators: HFO performance as drop-in replacement for R-134a

During the IIR co-sponsored International Refrigeration and Air-conditioning Conference at Purdue in 2012, K.M Karber et al. from Oak Ridge National Laboratory, United States, presented* the results of a performance test on R1234yf and R1234ze,...

• Publication date : 2013/06/07

Controversy over R1234yf: EC confirms enforcement of MAC Directive by January 1, 2013

Despite the safety concerns expressed by Daimler and calls for an additional moratorium in the refrigerant transition schedule, the EC restated on December 20, 2012, that “the MAC Directive will be fully enforced as of January 1, 2013”

• Publication date : 2013/02/28

Honeywell tests new R404A replacement

Honeywell has been testing a new low-GWP refrigerant as a potential replacement for R404A in hermetically-sealed refrigeration systems

• Publication date : 2014/09/24

Compressors2013 highlights: technical advancements related to refrigeration compressors

During the successful IIR International Conference on Compressors and Coolants held in Casta Papiernicka in June 2013, several papers were dedicated to technological advancements related to refrigeration compressors.

• Publication date : 2014/01/03

Kigali agreement decisions and consequences.

What are the main aspects of the Kigali HFC Amendment?

• Publication date : 2017/02/20
• Subjects: Environment, HFCs alternatives, Regulation

Refrigerant management in California

For HVACR distributors in California who distribute or receive commonly used CFCs, HCFCs and HFCs, life has gotten more complicated since the beginning of 2011. A new programme instituted by the California Air Resources Board (CARB) requires...

• Publication date : 2011/08/08
• Subjects: Regulation

New low GWP replacement for R404A in hermetically-sealed systems

A new lower GWP replacement for R404A, which blends an HFO and an HFC with a “natural” refrigerant is to be made commercially available next year.

• Publication date : 2015/12/06

F-Gas regulation : European Council and Parliament reach provisional agreement

After several months of discussion, the two European bodies have reached a provisional agreement aimed at further reducing fluorinated gas emissions, in line with the EU's climate objectives.

• Publication date : 2023/10/16
• Subjects: Regulation

Management and destruction of ozone depleting substances

A recent GIZ study analyses the management and destruction of ozone depleting substances (ODS) – primarily used as refrigerants – particularly in developing countries.

• Publication date : 2016/05/02
• Subjects: General information, Environment

International milestone agreement on the phase-down of HFC production and consumption in Kigali

The 28th Meeting of the Parties (MOP28) to the Montreal Protocol which was held in Kigali, Rwanda, from October 10 to 14, 2016, led to an international agreement on the phase-down of the production and consumption of HFCs.

• Publication date : 2016/10/18
• Subjects: HFCs alternatives, Regulation

Paris Agreement signed and the OEWG37 makes headway

Find out how the Paris Agreement, adopted during the Conference of Parties (COP21) and signed on 22 April 2016, and advancements at the 37th Meeting of the Open-ended Working Group of the Parties to the Montreal Protocol (OEWG37) will impact the...

• Publication date : 2016/04/26

New IIR Informatory Note: Advancements in Supermarket Refrigeration

Download your copy of the latest IIR Informatory Note on “Advancements in Supermarket Refrigeration”

• Publication date : 2018/04/04

OEWG36: Tough week of negotiations, no agreement except possible additional meetings

OEWG 36 spent much of its time focusing on moving the discussion on HFCs management forward.

• Publication date : 2015/07/29
• Subjects: Regulation

Paris Agreement adopted during COP21: an accepted common framework for all nations

The Paris Agreement which was adopted during the Conference of Parties (COP21) on climate change is of the utmost importance.

• Publication date : 2015/12/29

A new version of the ATP Agreement

The new version on the international carriage of perishable foodstuffs and on the special equipment to be used for such carriage became effective from 30 September 2015. The IIR was involved in this process thanks to its Commission D2...

• Publication date : 2015/10/20

New IIR Working Group “Electric vehicle thermal management systems”

This new working group, which focuses on a topical theme, is headed by Xianting Li, new President of Section E.

• Publication date : 2023/10/26

Lima : A step towards an international climate agreement in 2015 ?

An outline for future negotiations during the Paris conference in 2015.

• Publication date : 2014/12/23

Working Group on the thermal management systems for electric vehicles

The IIR has decided to set up a working group on this subject. Experts from different countries are invited to join. We need you!

• Publication date : 2024/04/26

Conference overview: Sustainable Management of Refrigeration Technologies in Marine and Off-Shore Fisheries Sectors

In partnership with the UNEP, ASHRAE and UNIDO, the IIR organised a conference in Bangkok (Thailand) in April 2017 on the Sustainable Management of Refrigeration Technologies in the Marine Sector and Offshore Fisheries.

• Publication date : 2017/05/31

1st IIR-UNEP Joint Experts’ Round-Table on Cold Chain Management in Hot Climates

In collaboration with the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), the IIR is proud to announce the 1st IIR-UNEP Joint Experts’ Round-Table on Cold Chain Management in Hot Climates.

• Publication date : 2016/01/20

Event update: 1st IIR-UNEP Joint Experts’ Round-Table on Cold Chain Management in Hot Climates

The IIR and UNEP organise a Joint Experts’ Round-Table on Cold Chain Management in Hot Climates.

• Publication date : 2016/06/08

Encyclopedia Update: Latest Kigali Amendment Ratification Status by Country

Using the latest data from UNTC, we have compiled an interactive list of countries that have ratified the Kigali agreement. 

• Publication date : 2024/07/11
• Subjects: Regulation

Member news: Daikin introduces EWYS-4Z: High-Efficiency Cooling and Heating Solution for Industrial and Commercial Needs

The polyvalent EWYS-4Z cooling and heating unit, which runs on R513A, is designed for superior energy efficiency and reduced noise for industrial and commercial applications. 

• Publication date : 2024/08/01

Small steps towards a giant leap! Parties to the Montreal Protocol continue discussions on HFCs

Last week saw another step towards a global agreement on the phase down of ozone depleting substances, the event started with a buzz around the new amendment proposals to the Montreal Protocol.

• Publication date : 2015/04/29
• Subjects: Regulation

IIR engages in COP13/MOP36 and COP29 to highlight the key role of sustainable refrigeration for all in handling climate change

Two major events in the fight against climate change and protecting the future of our planet, COP13/MOP36 and COP29, are held in October and November. The IIR is taking part in these United Nations conferences...

• Publication date : 2024/10/31
• Subjects: Regulation, Environment, General information

Cryogenics in the pharmaceutical industry: drug design and bioavailability improvement

Research activities in the pharmaceutical sector focus primarily on developing novel drug formulations which can elicit the desired response upon being administered to the patient...

• Last update : 2023/03/10
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Freeze-drying in biology and medicine, Cryobiology, cryomedicine: general information

Environmental impact of the ice cream industry

This summary document describes the environmental impact of ice cream manufacturing, which is mainly due to the energy consumption and refrigerants used.

• Last update : 2022/11/17
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : General information on environment (climate change, ozone depletion…)

Kigali Amendment status per country

List of the 163 countries that have accepted, approved or ratified the Kigali Amendment as of November 15, 2024.

• Last update : 2024/11/15
• Langues : English
• Themes : Regulations and standardization (Montreal and Kyoto Protocols…)

Ice cream manufacturing, environmental impact and market data

From a physico-chemical point of view, ice cream is a complex, frozen multiphase mixture. The manufacturing process includes several stages of freezing which are described in this...

• Last update : 2023/06/30
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Ice creams

Global warming potential (GWP) of HFC refrigerants

Using the latest updated data from UNEP’s RTOC 2022 report, we have compiled the 100-year GWP and 20-year GWP values of hydrofluorocarbon-based (HFC) refrigerants. Our table includes...

• Last update : 2023/09/15
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : HFCs

Global HFC emissions from the refrigeration sector

This table shows HFC emissions from the refrigeration sector – including air conditioning – in million tonnes of CO2 equivalent for about 40 countries that are signatories...

• Last update : 2022/01/20
• Langues : English
• Themes : General information on environment (climate change, ozone depletion…)

Hydrocarbon refrigerants

Hydrocarbons such as R290 (propane), R600a (isobutane) or R1270 (propene/propylene) are low GWP non-toxic natural refrigerants with excellent thermodynamic properties. They offer an...

• Last update : 2022/06/22
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Hydrocarbons, Containment, refrigerant charge reduction

Cryogenic nitrogen in the food and beverage industry

The adoption of cryogenic processes in the food and beverage industry is predominantly driven by liquid nitrogen (LIN), and it is the preferred candidate for food chilling and...

• Last update : 2023/11/07
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Freezing of foodstuffs

Liquefied Natural Gas: production process and cold energy recovery

Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is natural gas that has been cooled to about -160 °C and turned into a liquid to facilitate transportation and storage. A typical LNG supply chain...

• Last update : 2023/06/23
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : LNG and LPG

Thermophysical properties of HFC refrigerants

Thermophysical properties of over 100 HFC refrigerants, including single-component and blends.

• Last update : 2022/06/17
• Langues : English
• Themes : HFCs, Blends, HFO et HCFO

Additive manufacturing of regenerators for caloric cooling

In many areas of engineering, additive manufacturing allows the production of complex and multifunctional products that could not be manufactured using traditional methods. In the...

• Last update : 2022/09/16
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Caloric cooling (magnetocaloric, electrocaloric, elastocaloric and barocaloric cooling)

Nanorefrigerants

Nanorefrigerants are created by adding nanoparticles in suspension to a base refrigerant. They have a thermal conductivity that is 15% to 104% higher than that of the corresponding...

• Last update : 2022/06/17
• Langues : English, French
• Themes : Nanofluids

Additive manufacturing of heat exchangers

In the refrigeration industry, additive manufacturing (colloquially referred to as “3D printing”) makes it possible to fabricate novel, complex and potentially more energy efficient...

• Last update : 2022/09/07
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Evaporators, condensers and other heat exchangers

Thermophysical properties of HFO refrigerants

Thermophysical properties of over 50 HFO refrigerants, including single-component and blends.

• Last update : 2022/06/17
• Langues : English
• Themes : Blends, HFO et HCFO