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  • First car models using HFO-1234yf

    During the recent Mobile Air Conditioning Society Worldwide convention and trade show in Las Vegas, USA, discussions focused on the vehicles will have the new HFO-1234yf refrigerant. It was revealed that one vehicle was already being sold with the...

    • Publication date : 2012/07/03
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  • Nearly 500,000 German cars use 1234yf

    Despite some German opposition to the new car air conditioning refrigerant R1234yf, around 500,000 cars have already been registered in the country with this gas.

    • Publication date : 2015/09/18
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  • CO2-based car air conditioning more efficient?

    The prototype of a car operating with a CO2-based air conditioning system is claimed to be operating more efficiently than current models running with R134a.

    • Publication date : 2016/04/14
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  • Air conditioning systems in passenger cars

    Annual global fitment of air-conditioning units to light vehicles is projected to rise by more than a third from an estimated 57.1 million units in 2013 to 76.1 million by 2018.

    • Publication date : 2014/02/24
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  • Automotive air conditioning: which refrigerant for electric cars?

    Different alternatives exist today to replace R134a in automotive air conditioning systems. Update on possible solutions for electric cars. 

    • Publication date : 2022/09/28
    • Subjects: HFCs alternatives
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  • Geothermal heat-pump under supermarket car park

    Walmart’s new 12,540 m² prototype store in Burlington, ON, Canada is equipped with a geo-heat exchange heating and cooling system using 15 km of pipes under the store’s parking lot.

    • Publication date : 2014/04/16
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  • The use of hydrocarbon refrigerants in Europe

    The report "Impact of standards on hydrocarbon refrigerants in Europe" reviews the various uses of hydrocarbons in refrigeration, as well as the obstacles to their utilisation.

    • Publication date : 2018/11/22
    • Subjects: Regulation
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  • Europe hydrocarbon refrigerants market

    Europe’s hydrocarbon refrigerants market was valued at USD 46.03 million in 2013 and is estimated to reach USD 62.43 million by 2019.

    • Publication date : 2014/12/12
    • Subjects: Figures, economy
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  • Cool Carrier

    At the end of October of this year Carrier Transicold introduced Deltek㤠hybrid diesel electric technology to the North American refrigerated transport industry offering more reliable, easier maintained transport refrigeration systems at the...

    • Publication date : 2006/01/24
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  • Cool Carrier

    At the end of October of this year Carrier Transicold introduced Deltek hybrid diesel electric technology to the North American refrigerated transport industry offering more reliable, easier maintained transport refrigeration systems at the lowest...

    • Publication date : 2005/12/22
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  • Expanding market for hydrocarbon compressors

    Several compressor makers are introducing new models operating with hydrocarbon refrigerants. For example ComStar International Inc., will offer compressors with the newly approved R-441A (HCR 188C), patented blend of ethane, propane, butane and...

    • Publication date : 2011/06/15
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  • Carbon Expo 2005

    Climate change is one of the main challenges facing humanity. The creation of market-based mechanisms and a global market in greenhouse gas reductions is a significant instrument to address this challenge. One part of the global carbon market has...

    • Publication date : 2005/01/12
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  • CO2 supermarkets: CAREL

    CAREL and the French hypermarket chain Carrefour have joined forces to develop the first subcritical CO2 plant in a supermarket in Turkey. The Istanbul installation uses a cascade system that supplies the low-temperature units with R744. To...

    • Publication date : 2010/05/27
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  • The hydrocarbon market in the Asia Pacific

    The hydrocarbon market in the Asia Pacific will reach USD 128.5 million in 2018, according to a new market report by MicroMarket Monitor.

    • Publication date : 2014/12/11
    • Subjects: Figures, economy
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  • Global fluorocarbon refrigerants market

    Global fluorocarbon refrigerants market was valued at USD 11,032.50 million in 2013 and is estimated to reach USD 15,635.61 million by 2019.

    • Publication date : 2014/12/14
    • Subjects: Figures, economy
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  • Thermophysical properties of hydrocarbon refrigerants

    Thermophysical properties of over 20 hydrocarbon refrigerants, including single-component and blends.

    • Last update : 2022/06/17
    • Langues : English
    • Themes : Hydrocarbons, Blends
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  • Hydrocarbon refrigerants

    Hydrocarbons such as R290 (propane), R600a (isobutane) or R1270 (propene/propylene) are low GWP non-toxic natural refrigerants with excellent thermodynamic properties. They offer an...

    • Last update : 2022/06/22
    • Langues : French, English
    • Themes : Hydrocarbons, Containment, refrigerant charge reduction
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  • Additive manufacturing of regenerators for caloric cooling

    In many areas of engineering, additive manufacturing allows the production of complex and multifunctional products that could not be manufactured using traditional methods. In the...

    • Last update : 2022/09/16
    • Langues : French, English
    • Themes : Caloric cooling (magnetocaloric, electrocaloric, elastocaloric and barocaloric cooling)
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  • Cryogenics in the pharmaceutical industry: drug design and bioavailability improvement

    Research activities in the pharmaceutical sector focus primarily on developing novel drug formulations which can elicit the desired response upon being administered to the patient...

    • Last update : 2023/03/10
    • Langues : French, English
    • Themes : Freeze-drying in biology and medicine, Cryobiology, cryomedicine: general information
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  • For IIR members only

    Global cold storage capacity

    This table presents the cold storage capacity in about 50 countries, based on data from the Global Cold Chain Alliance (GCCA).

    • Last update : 2021/12/06
    • Langues : English
    • Themes : Refrigerated storage: economics and statistics
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  • Thermophysical properties of HFC refrigerants

    Thermophysical properties of over 100 HFC refrigerants, including single-component and blends.

    • Last update : 2022/06/17
    • Langues : English
    • Themes : HFCs, HFO et HCFO, Blends
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  • Thermophysical properties of HFO refrigerants

    Thermophysical properties of over 50 HFO refrigerants, including single-component and blends.

    • Last update : 2022/06/17
    • Langues : English
    • Themes : HFO et HCFO, Blends
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  • Global warming potential (GWP) of HFC refrigerants

    Using the latest updated data from UNEP’s RTOC 2022 report, we have compiled the 100-year GWP and 20-year GWP values of hydrofluorocarbon-based (HFC) refrigerants. Our table includes...

    • Last update : 2023/09/15
    • Langues : French, English
    • Themes : HFCs
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  • Liquefied Natural Gas: production process and cold energy recovery

    Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is natural gas that has been cooled to about -160 °C and turned into a liquid to facilitate transportation and storage. A typical LNG supply chain...

    • Last update : 2023/06/23
    • Langues : French, English
    • Themes : LNG and LPG
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  • Additive manufacturing of heat exchangers

    In the refrigeration industry, additive manufacturing (colloquially referred to as “3D printing”) makes it possible to fabricate novel, complex and potentially more energy efficient...

    • Last update : 2022/09/07
    • Langues : French, English
    • Themes : Evaporators, condensers and other heat exchangers
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  • Cryogenic nitrogen in the food and beverage industry

    The adoption of cryogenic processes in the food and beverage industry is predominantly driven by liquid nitrogen (LIN), and it is the preferred candidate for food chilling and...

    • Last update : 2023/11/07
    • Langues : French, English
    • Themes : Freezing of foodstuffs
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  • Ice cream manufacturing, environmental impact and market data

    From a physico-chemical point of view, ice cream is a complex, frozen multiphase mixture. The manufacturing process includes several stages of freezing which are described in this...

    • Last update : 2023/06/30
    • Langues : French, English
    • Themes : Ice creams
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  • Cold storage conditions for fruits and vegetables

    Practical recommendations for the cold storage of over 200 cultivars of fruits, vegetables and herbs (storage temperatures, relative humidity, storage time, controlled atmosphere...

    • Last update : 2023/01/16
    • Langues : French, English
    • Themes : Fruit, Vegetables
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  • Nanorefrigerants

    Nanorefrigerants are created by adding nanoparticles in suspension to a base refrigerant. They have a thermal conductivity that is 15% to 104% higher than that of the corresponding...

    • Last update : 2022/06/17
    • Langues : English, French
    • Themes : Nanofluids
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  • Environmental impact of the ice cream industry

    This summary document describes the environmental impact of ice cream manufacturing, which is mainly due to the energy consumption and refrigerants used.

    • Last update : 2022/11/17
    • Langues : French, English
    • Themes : General information on environment (climate change, ozone depletion…)
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