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  • International milestone agreement on the phase-down of HFC production and consumption in Kigali

    The 28th Meeting of the Parties (MOP28) to the Montreal Protocol which was held in Kigali, Rwanda, from October 10 to 14, 2016, led to an international agreement on the phase-down of the production and consumption of HFCs.

    • Publication date : 2016/10/18
    • Subjects: Regulation, HFCs alternatives
  • Superconducting cable for urban electricity

    Part of AmpaCity project, the 1km, 10 kV high temperature ceramic-based superconductive cable is the world’s longest and the first to have been integrated into an urban electricity grid in Essen, Germany.

    • Publication date : 2015/10/21
  • 100 years of superconductivity

    April 8, 2011 marked the 100th anniversary of the discovery of superconductivity by Heike Kammerlingh Onnes. Working in his lab at Leiden University on April 8, 1911, he was experimenting with the electrical...

    • Publication date : 2011/07/26
  • High-temperature Superconductivity

    Groundbreaking findings on high-temperature superconductivity. A superconductor is a material that can conduct electricity with virtually no resistance. The phenomenon was discovered by Kamerlingh Onnes in 1911 and takes place in certain metals...

    • Publication date : 2007/05/04
  • Superconductivity for aircrafts?

    NASA recently published plans for the development of aircraft using superconductivity for a time frame around 2030. This could allow for noise reduction, improved carbon footprint and energy savings. The main advantage of HTS machines is that they...

    • Publication date : 2010/03/07
  • Superconductor cable innovation

    Nexans, a French cable manufacturer, is to make the cable and cryogenic cooling system for the US Department of Energy's (DoE) 30 million USD high-temperature superconductor (HTS) power project in the Long Island Power Authority transmission grid....

    • Publication date : 2004/04/28
  • The LNG global production

    Global LNG production capacity to increase by 130 billion m3 by 2018 as 12 new liquefaction plants open IEA report says.

    • Publication date : 2014/01/30
  • The superconductor industry global market

    The global market for superconductor technologies accounted for USD 1.8 billion in 2015 and is expected to reach USD 5.8 billion by 2022.

    • Publication date : 2015/09/28
    • Subjects: Figures, economy
  • Extreme heat reduces productivity in global economies

    In a recent report, a non-profit organisation examined how global warming is affecting the economy and labour productivity in 12 major urban areas worldwide. 

    • Publication date : 2022/10/27
    • Subjects: Figures, economy
  • Temperature-sensitive products: DHL

    DHL has launched a Europe-wide solution for customers shipping small volumes of temperature-sensitive products. Throughout the entire journey in refrigerated trucks, the temperature of the pharmaceutical shipment is continuously monitored and...

    • Publication date : 2009/02/25
  • Quick frozen dumplings (jiaozi) production

    Quick frozen dumplings play an important part in quick frozen food, is the largest class in quick frozen food production.

    • Publication date : 2016/12/14
    • Subjects: Figures, economy
  • Green hydrogen production project in Namibia

    In partnership with a French-German consortium, the Namibian government plans to develop a green hydrogen production facility. Although some of the funding may be secured as early as...

    • Publication date : 2022/01/18
    • Subjects: Developing country
  • Reefer container production at its peak

    Reefer container production increased greatly during 2011, beating their previous annual peak in 2008 by over 30%.

    • Publication date : 2012/06/22
  • Temperature-sensitive products: UPS

    UPS has announced "significant expansion" of its capabilities for shipment of temperature-sensitive medical items, including round-the-clock refrigeration or replenishment of dry ice as necessary. UPS has implemented Proactive Response, a...

    • Publication date : 2009/02/25
  • HCFC consumption and production in developing countries

    Recent data on the HCFC production and consumption of developing countries were submitted to the Committee of the Multilateral Fund for the Implementation of the Montreal Protocol.

    • Publication date : 2018/03/27
    • Subjects: Developing country
  • Liquefied Natural Gas: production process and cold energy recovery

    Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is natural gas that has been cooled to about -160 °C and turned into a liquid to facilitate transportation and storage. A typical LNG supply chain...

    • Last update : 2023/06/23
    • Langues : French, English
    • Themes : LNG and LPG
  • Environmental impact of the ice cream industry

    This summary document describes the environmental impact of ice cream manufacturing, which is mainly due to the energy consumption and refrigerants used.

    • Last update : 2022/11/17
    • Langues : French, English
    • Themes : General information on environment (climate change, ozone depletion…)
  • Cryogenics in the pharmaceutical industry: drug design and bioavailability improvement

    Research activities in the pharmaceutical sector focus primarily on developing novel drug formulations which can elicit the desired response upon being administered to the patient...

    • Last update : 2023/03/10
    • Langues : French, English
    • Themes : Freeze-drying in biology and medicine, Cryobiology, cryomedicine: general information
  • Cryogenic nitrogen in the food and beverage industry

    The adoption of cryogenic processes in the food and beverage industry is predominantly driven by liquid nitrogen (LIN), and it is the preferred candidate for food chilling and...

    • Last update : 2023/11/07
    • Langues : French, English
    • Themes : Freezing of foodstuffs
  • Hydrocarbon refrigerants

    Hydrocarbons such as R290 (propane), R600a (isobutane) or R1270 (propene/propylene) are low GWP non-toxic natural refrigerants with excellent thermodynamic properties. They offer an...

    • Last update : 2022/06/22
    • Langues : French, English
    • Themes : Hydrocarbons, Containment, refrigerant charge reduction
  • Nanorefrigerants

    Nanorefrigerants are created by adding nanoparticles in suspension to a base refrigerant. They have a thermal conductivity that is 15% to 104% higher than that of the corresponding...

    • Last update : 2022/06/17
    • Langues : English, French
    • Themes : Nanofluids
  • Additive manufacturing of regenerators for caloric cooling

    In many areas of engineering, additive manufacturing allows the production of complex and multifunctional products that could not be manufactured using traditional methods. In the...

    • Last update : 2022/09/16
    • Langues : French, English
    • Themes : Caloric cooling (magnetocaloric, electrocaloric, elastocaloric and barocaloric cooling)
  • Additive manufacturing of heat exchangers

    In the refrigeration industry, additive manufacturing (colloquially referred to as “3D printing”) makes it possible to fabricate novel, complex and potentially more energy efficient...

    • Last update : 2022/09/07
    • Langues : French, English
    • Themes : Evaporators, condensers and other heat exchangers
  • Ice cream manufacturing, environmental impact and market data

    From a physico-chemical point of view, ice cream is a complex, frozen multiphase mixture. The manufacturing process includes several stages of freezing which are described in this...

    • Last update : 2023/06/30
    • Langues : French, English
    • Themes : Ice creams
  • Cold storage conditions for fruits and vegetables

    Practical recommendations for the cold storage of over 200 cultivars of fruits, vegetables and herbs (storage temperatures, relative humidity, storage time, controlled atmosphere...

    • Last update : 2023/01/16
    • Langues : French, English
    • Themes : Fruit, Vegetables
  • Global HFC emissions from the refrigeration sector

    This table shows HFC emissions from the refrigeration sector – including air conditioning – in million tonnes of CO2 equivalent for about 40 countries that are signatories...

    • Last update : 2022/01/20
    • Langues : English
    • Themes : General information on environment (climate change, ozone depletion…)