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IIR document

Development of an innovative raw milk dispenser based on nanofluid technology.

• Author(s) : LONGO G. A., RIGHETTI G., ZILIO C.
• Publication date: 2015/08/16
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Safety, Milk, Prototype, Storage, Expérimentation, Energy saving
• Source: Proceedings of the 24th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration: Yokohama, Japan, August 16-22, 2015.
• Formats : PDF

Effect of the block freeze concentration process in the casein content of skimmed goat milk.

• Author(s) : MACHADO CANELLA M. H., DE BONA M., RODRIGUES LIZ de G., et al.
• Publication date: 2018/06/19
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Casein, Skimmed milk, Goat milk, Expérimentation, Cryoconcentration, Freezing, Concentration
• Source: CYTEF 2018. IX Congreso Ibérico y VII Congreso Iberoamericano de Ciencias y Técnicas del Frío, Valencia, España, 19-21 junio 2018.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Revamping and expansion of milk chilling centre.

• Author(s) : GULANIKAR A. D.
• Publication date: 2019/04/11
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Modernization, Milk, Chilling, R717, Ammonia, India, Case study
• Source: 8^th Conference on Ammonia and CO₂ Refrigeration Technology. Proceedings: Ohrid, North Macedonia, Avril 11-13, 2019.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Performance characterisation of a small milk cooling system with ice storage for PV applications.

• Author(s) : TORRES-TOLEDO V., MEISSNER K., CORONAS A., et al.
• Publication date: 2015/12
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Ice, Milk, Cooling, Storage, Performance, Photovoltaic plant, Solar energy
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 60
• Formats : PDF

Small scale milk processing and preservation in developing countries: the case of Ethiopia; a review.

• Author(s) : BEDRU M., ALEMU D., CORONAS A.
• Publication date: 2016/05/03
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Storage capacity, Pasteurization, Milk, Developing country, Case study, Ethiopia, Solar energy, Storage condition
• Source: CYTEF 2016. VIII Congreso Ibérico y VI Congreso Iberoamericano de las Ciencias y Técnicas del Frío, Coimbra-Portugal, 3-6 mayo, 2016.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

On-farm milk cooling solution based on insulated cans with integrated ice compartment.

• Author(s) : TORRES-TOLEDO V., HACK A., MRABET F., et al.
• Publication date: 2018/06
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Small scale, Milk, Temperature, Cooling, Developing country, Dairy, Farm, Expérimentation, Solar cooling
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 90
• Formats : PDF

Recommended by the IIR / IIR document

Experimental performance analysis of a biogas energy assisted hybrid milk cooling system.

• Author(s) : COSKUN N. Y., ATALAY H., COBAN M. T.
• Publication date: 2023/12
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Dairy industry, Milk cooler, Modelling, Industrial application, Calculation, Hybrid system, Biomass, Energy consumption, Methane, Absorption system, Waste
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - Vol. 156
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Computational model of a PCM heat exchanger for on farm cooling of milk.

• Author(s) : PARK J. Y., FARID M.
• Publication date: 2016/04/07
• Languages : English
• Keywords : New Zealand, Milk, Cooling, Simulation, Performance, PCM, Dairy industry, Heat exchanger
• Source: 4^th IIR International Conference on Sustainability and the Cold Chain. Proceedings: Auckland, New Zealand, April 7-9, 2016.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Improving the energy efficiency and milk quality with CO2 refrigeration systems with heat recovery on New Zealand dairy farms.

• Author(s) : VISSER K.
• Publication date: 2016/04/07
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Refrigerating system, New Zealand, Energy consumption, Milk, Heat recovery, R744, Quality, Dairy industry, CO2
• Source: 4^th IIR International Conference on Sustainability and the Cold Chain. Proceedings: Auckland, New Zealand, April 7-9, 2016.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Analysis of CO2 based refrigeration systems with and without ejector for simultaneous pasteurization and chilling of milk.

• Author(s) : AHAMMED E., BHATTACHARYYA S., RAMGOPAL M.
• Publication date: 2018/11
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Comparison, Milk, Chilling, R744, Performance, Ejector, Transcritical cycle, CO2
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 95
• Formats : PDF

A trans-critical CO2 heat pump system for waste heat utilization in warm weather condition applied to a milk refrigeration plant.

• Author(s) : SINGH S., DASGUPTA M. S.
• Publication date: 2016/07/11
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Milk, R744, Heat pump, Performance, India, Transcritical cycle, Waste heat, Hot climate
• Source: 2016 Purdue Conferences. 16th International Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning Conference at Purdue.
• Formats : PDF

Performance evaluation of shaped MIL-101-ethanol working pair for adsorption refrigeration.

• Author(s) : MA L., RUI Z., WU Q., et al.
• Publication date: 2016/02/25
• Languages : English
• Source: Applied Thermal Engineering - vol. 95

NH2-MIL-125 as promising adsorbent for adsorptive cooling: Water adsorption dynamics.

• Author(s) : SOLOVYEVA M. V., ARISTOV Y. I., GORDEEVA L. G.
• Publication date: 2017/04
• Languages : English
• Source: Applied Thermal Engineering - vol. 116

Recommended by the IIR / IIR document

Performance analysis of a CO2 based milk chiller with evaporative cooling arrangement operating in hot climate.

• Author(s) : SINGHA P., VAISHAK S., DASGUPTA M. S., BHATTACHARYYA S., HAFNER A., ELARGA H.
• Publication date: 2023/08/21
• Languages : English
• Keywords : CO2, R744, Transcritical cycle, Evaporative system, Performance, Hot climate, COP, Milk, Dairy industry, Modelling, Simulation, Air cycle, Case study, India
• Source: Proceedings of the 26^th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration: Paris , France, August 21-25, 2023.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Adsorption cooling system employing novel MIL-101(Cr)/CaCl 2 composites: Numerical study.

• Author(s) : ELSAYED E. S., DADAH R. al-, MAHMOUD S., et al.
• Publication date: 2019/11
• Languages : English
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 107
• Formats : PDF

Antarctic glaciers are melting faster

According to several new studies, Antarctic glaciers are thinning and slipping at twice the rate they had in the 1990s. These changes are expected to cause an appreciable rise in sea levels as the glaciers are losing about 250 cubic kilometres to...

• Publication date : 2004/11/19

European seminar on CO2 at the University of Milan

Centro Studi Galileo, collective member of the IIR, will organize on Saturday November 27, 2004, together with the Centre of research for Environmental and Manufacturing Studies of the University of Milan, a European seminar on CO2, with the...

• Publication date : 2004/11/12

European Commission warns Italy and Malta on F-gas issues

The EC warned Italy and Malta that they could face legal action if they fail to comply with the F-gas regulation.

• Publication date : 2012/06/05
• Subjects: Regulation

Japan: Ice cream that doesn’t melt

In Japan, serendipity led to the creation of a type of ice cream that does not melt

• Publication date : 2018/01/09

Radiative cooling: protecting ice from melting under sunlight

Researchers have developed a biodegradable film made of cellulose acetate which, thanks to its radiative cooling properties, effectively protects ice subjected to solar radiation from melting, with possible...

• Publication date : 2022/03/30

Savour the moment: Ice-cream that takes longer to melt

Researchers found that a protein called Bs1A can be used to create ice-cream which takes longer to melt

• Publication date : 2015/09/06

Announcement for 2007 ASHRAE Refrigeration Awards

Refrigeration Committee awards to be presented at the 2008 summer meeting will be for new refrigeration technology applied in a unique manner. Two awards will be made: - Milton W. Garland Commemorative Refrigeration Award for Project Excellence...

• Publication date : 2007/04/25

A British data centre is saving money thanks to thermal optimisation

A leading UK data and telecoms provider claims to have saved over £115,000 (€132,000) in cooling energy costs in a few months.

• Publication date : 2018/01/29

New milk refrigeration system in rural India.

In rural India, the dairy industry is very vulnerable to spoilage because of the poorly developed cold supply chain.

• Publication date : 2015/03/20

Sub-Saharan milk cooler project awarded USD 1 million

A University of Georgia engineer received USD 1 million to continue working on a milk cooler designed to help dairy farmers, particularly those in sub-Saharan Africa, who lack access to refrigeration.

• Publication date : 2014/03/18

A new solar-powered milk cooling system could benefit small-scale dairy farmers

Researchers from the University of Hohenheim studied a solar milk cooling system which was tested in Tunisia and could be implemented in Kenya.

• Publication date : 2018/06/22

Rapid low-temperature process adds weeks to milk's shelf life

A rapid heating and cooling of milk significantly reduces the amount of harmful bacteria present, extending by several weeks the shelf life of milk, according to a Purdue University study.

• Publication date : 2016/09/06

Cold chain figures in developing countries

Some interesting figures on developing countries were provided during the FAO Technical Meeting on Cold Chain Development in which the IIR participated.

• Publication date : 2018/04/11
• Subjects: Figures, economy, Developing country

Air conditioner wastewater purified for human consumption

In Ecuador, Panasonic developed ACH20, a filtering system that purifies air conditioner wastewater and makes it fit for human consumption.

• Publication date : 2015/09/03

The first LNG freight locomotive in the Baltics

An Estonian company is testing the first LNG-powered locomotive in the Baltic countries. Significant reductions in greenhouse gas emissions are expected.

• Publication date : 2021/08/23
• Subjects: Technology

International events: Milan

Delegates of IIR and REHVA last June discussed the idea of a workshop on the refurbishment of existing buildings and AICARR (the Italian Association of Air Conditioning Heating and Refrigerating) agreed to organize an initial workshop involving...

• Publication date : 2009/02/24

International events: Milan

The 13th European Conference on the latest technologies in refrigeration and air conditioning took place on June 12-13, 2009 in Milan, Italy. This bilingual (English-Italian) conference was organized by Centro Studi Galileo with the participation...

• Publication date : 2009/08/13

Obituary: Liudmila Akimova

The IIR mourns the death of Mrs Liudmila Akimova.

• Publication date : 2023/01/26

New IIR members

The IIR welcomes the following new members: Corporate members - A2 Inc, New York, USA - Grasso Products BV, s'Hertogenbosch, The Netherlands - Hoshizaki Electric Co. Ltd, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan - Parasense Ltd, Gloucester, United Kingdom...

• Publication date : 2006/11/15

IIR member news: Star Refrigeration

Star Refrigeration soon to hit US food firms with eco-friendly low-ammonia chillers and freezers

• Publication date : 2013/09/04

IIR Member news: Star Refrigeration installs ammonia chillers in an indoor skiing facility

After 90 years of existence, indoor skiing now uses modern and energy efficient technologies. Star Refrigeration participates in this evolution with its ammonia chillers.

• Publication date : 2018/12/27

IIR member news: Star Refrigeration

The UK company Star Refrigeration has announced the launch of a new subsidiary, Azane Inc., to manufacture and supply their “low-charge ammonia” Azane technology in the US.

• Publication date : 2014/05/25

BETTED: a new IIR EU funded project

This project aims to promote the energy transition of the dairy value chain. The kick-off meeting is scheduled for March 11-12 in Brussels (Belgium).

• Publication date : 2024/01/26

STEF-TFE opens largest cold store in Madrid

New site cuts energy consumption by 15% with innovative energy storage system during off-peak hours

• Publication date : 2011/12/08

Additive manufacturing of regenerators for caloric cooling

In many areas of engineering, additive manufacturing allows the production of complex and multifunctional products that could not be manufactured using traditional methods. In the...

• Last update : 2022/09/16
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Caloric cooling (magnetocaloric, electrocaloric, elastocaloric and barocaloric cooling)

Cryogenics in the pharmaceutical industry: drug design and bioavailability improvement

Research activities in the pharmaceutical sector focus primarily on developing novel drug formulations which can elicit the desired response upon being administered to the patient...

• Last update : 2023/03/10
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Freeze-drying in biology and medicine, Cryobiology, cryomedicine: general information

Ice cream manufacturing, environmental impact and market data

From a physico-chemical point of view, ice cream is a complex, frozen multiphase mixture. The manufacturing process includes several stages of freezing which are described in this...

• Last update : 2023/06/30
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Ice creams

Global HFC emissions from the refrigeration sector

This table shows HFC emissions from the refrigeration sector – including air conditioning – in million tonnes of CO2 equivalent for about 40 countries that are signatories...

• Last update : 2022/01/20
• Langues : English
• Themes : General information on environment (climate change, ozone depletion…)

Additive manufacturing of heat exchangers

In the refrigeration industry, additive manufacturing (colloquially referred to as “3D printing”) makes it possible to fabricate novel, complex and potentially more energy efficient...

• Last update : 2022/09/07
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Evaporators, condensers and other heat exchangers

Global warming potential (GWP) of HFC refrigerants

Using the latest updated data from UNEP’s RTOC 2022 report, we have compiled the 100-year GWP and 20-year GWP values of hydrofluorocarbon-based (HFC) refrigerants. Our table includes...

• Last update : 2023/09/15
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : HFCs

Thermophysical properties of hydrocarbon refrigerants

Thermophysical properties of over 20 hydrocarbon refrigerants, including single-component and blends.

• Last update : 2022/06/17
• Langues : English
• Themes : Hydrocarbons, Blends

Thermophysical properties of HFC refrigerants

Thermophysical properties of over 100 HFC refrigerants, including single-component and blends.

• Last update : 2022/06/17
• Langues : English
• Themes : HFCs, Blends, HFO et HCFO

Thermophysical properties of HFO refrigerants

Thermophysical properties of over 50 HFO refrigerants, including single-component and blends.

• Last update : 2022/06/17
• Langues : English
• Themes : Blends, HFO et HCFO

Cryogenic nitrogen in the food and beverage industry

The adoption of cryogenic processes in the food and beverage industry is predominantly driven by liquid nitrogen (LIN), and it is the preferred candidate for food chilling and...

• Last update : 2023/11/07
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Freezing of foodstuffs