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IIR document
Upcycling corneal tissue: whole corneas cryopreserved by different media for research applications.
Effects of DC flow on a cryogen-free Vuilleumier type pulse tube cryocooler.
The effect of cold-acclimation on the water relations and freezing tolerance of Hordeum vulgare L.
Estimation of safe storage periods for malting barley using a model of heat production based on respiration experiments.
Application of refrigeration in malt production.
Produção de cerveja utilizando cevada e maltose de milho comoadjunto de malte: análises físico-química, sensorial e isotópica.
Beer production using barley and corn maltose as malt adjuncts: physicochemical, sensory and isotopic analyses.
Umbau von Klimakammern für die Pflanzenforschung: Versuchsergebnisse.
Rebuilding climate chambers for horticultural and cereal-related research: experimental results.
Refrigeration sector monitoring
1643 results
Revising A3 refrigerants charge limits to promote wider application
A recent IJR paper examines the validity and form of charge limits for “highly flammable” A3 refrigerants, which constitute low-GWP alternatives to HFCs. Authors propose to eliminate upper charge limits for...
ICCC2016 highlights: low charge ammonia systems for the cold chain
This summary refers to a paper presented during the IIR International Cold Chain Conference (ICCC2016) which took place in New Zealand. This paper can be downloaded from Fridoc database by using the direct link provided at the end of the article.
LG unveils world's largest home refrigerator
LG Electronics claims to have launched the world's largest home refrigerator. It has 4 doors and an internal storage capacity of 910 litres, this being 40 litres more than the largest previously existing models.
UK: low-charge ammonia frozen food storage
The refrigerant charge on previous ammonia plant which was an estimated 5,000 kg has been reduced to just 188 kg
Frozen food market in Argentina
The Argentinian frozen food market had total revenues of USD 236.3 million in 2012, representing a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 15.9% between 2008 and 2012.
Largest US cold storage distribution centre
In the USA, AM King has begun construction of the largest cold storage distribution centre in the country.
Briefs: Largest climatic laboratory
The McKinley Climatic Laboratory, located in the US Air Force Eglin Base in Florida, USA, which began testing in 1947, is the largest climate testing facility in the world. The temperature inside the 77 x 61 x 21 m hangar, with a 4700 m² base...
USA's largest ground-source heat pump
The conversion of Ball State University in Muncie, Indiana, to a geothermal ground-source heat pump, reportedly the largest project of its kind in the USA, has entered its second and final phase.
Largest American rooftop solar installation for cold store
The largest rooftop solar installation in North America on the roof of Gloucester Marine Terminal’s refrigerated warehouse is to be completed this autumn.
IJR highlights: impacts of refrigerant charge on system performance
A team from Purdue University recently published* in the International Journal of Refrigeration a study showing the impact of charge level on capacity and efficiency for several heat-pump and air-conditioning units tested at various refrigerant...
Charge minimization in hydrocarbon systems
This paper was presented at the IIR Gustav Lorentzen Conference in Glasgow (Sep. 2004). It presents the results of the project to minimize charge in a R290 system that has 1-1.5 kW refrigeration capacity. Currently, there are many guidelines...
India’s largest HVAC project
ETA Engineering is to install the HVAC system in Terminal 3 in Dehli International Airport, at a price of around 100 million USD. Due to be completed in September 2009 and to be handed over in March 2010, the 450 000 m² facility will be cooled by...
Briefs: World's largest food park
Early 2010, the world's largest food park opened 20 km from Haridwar, Uttarakhand, India. The 95-acre Patanjali Food and Herbal Park is to provide direct employment for 7000 people. The Ministry of Food Processing Industries (MoFPI) plans to set...
Solar cooling for large buildings in South Africa
A solar cooling solution to reduce energy costs for large buildings by combining high-efficiency chillers with hybrid solar thermal and photovoltaic (PV) technologies has been introduced in South Africa.
GL2012 highlights: latent cold thermal storage: the energetic benefits
In response to German climate protection goals, requiring 80-95 % cuts in CO2 emissions before 2050, Michael Kauffeld presented a paper on “The Energetic Benefit of Latent Cold Thermal Energy Storage” at the 10th IIR Gustav Lorentzen Conference on...
IIR news
575 results
Experience the unforgettable in Japan at ICR2015: It’s not just about refrigeration, it’s also about fun!
ICR2015: Discover the plenary speakers, technical tours, and popular tours and activities
New IIR Informatory Note on Refrigerant Charge Reduction
Now available for IIR members! The 25th IIR Informatory Note, the latest in the series on Refrigeration Technologies.
1st IIR Workshop on Refrigerant Charge Reduction
1st IIR Workshop on Refrigerant Charge Reduction in Refrigerating Systems will be held in Antony, France, on April 6-7, 2009. Contact helene.macchi@cemagref.fr to register and present a paper
STEF-TFE opens largest cold store in Madrid
New site cuts energy consumption by 15% with innovative energy storage system during off-peak hours
IIR Working Party on Refrigerant Charge Reduction in Refrigerating Systems: Join Us!
Suitable design of refrigerating systems has several benefits in terms of limitation of the environmental impact thanks to a reduction in the energy consumption and the limitation of refrigerant emissions. The direct greenhouse effect accounts for...
The proceedings CD-ROM of the 3rd IIR Workshop on Refrigerant Charge Reduction in Valencia are on sale!
The proceedings CD-ROM comprising 8 plenary presentations, 13 papers, and 2 industrial PowerPoint presentations are on sale on the IIR's Web site (Publications/Bookshop section)
Member news: Daikin equips the cooling system of Norway’s largest data centre
Daikin enhances the energy efficiency of Norway’s largest data centre with a full range of cooling equipment.
IIR-Gustav Lorentzen Conference 2018 attracts its largest number of participants yet
With a focus on natural refrigerants, principally ammonia, carbon dioxide and hydrocarbons, the 13th conference in the series attracted the largest number of participants yet, welcoming an impressive 300 individuals from 45 different countries and...
Participate free of charge! IIR Conference on Compressors 2021
Join your peers at the online 10th IIR Conference on Compressors and Refrigerants which begins on January 13, 2021.
IIR member news: Excess heat is the largest untapped energy source
In a whitepaper, IIR Benefactor member Danfoss highlights the vast untapped potential of excess heat as a source of energy.
The IIR is seeking a Communication Manager
The IIR is seeking for its head office in Paris preferably a English-mother-tongue Communication Manager, with fluent French, who will manage the IIR’s communication policy and conferences.
Download the latest technical papers from the IIR Cryogenics Conference
Held on 8-11 April this year, the 15th IIR Cryogenics Conference welcomed over 120 guests from more than 22 countries.
WGC PARIS 2015: “Growing together towards a friendly planet”
The 26th World Gas Conference (WGC), held in Paris last week, offered attendees an ideal opportunity for networking, learning and sharing information on the latest developments
New IIR Informatory Note: Advancements in Supermarket Refrigeration
Download your copy of the latest IIR Informatory Note on “Advancements in Supermarket Refrigeration”
IIR website: most downloaded publications in 2023
Discover the three most popular IIR publications of 2023. The focus is on the carbon footprint of the cold chain and cold rooms!
Encyclopedia of Refrigeration
16 results
Cryogenic nitrogen in the food and beverage industry
The adoption of cryogenic processes in the food and beverage industry is predominantly driven by liquid nitrogen (LIN), and it is the preferred candidate for food chilling and...
Cryogenics in the pharmaceutical industry: drug design and bioavailability improvement
Research activities in the pharmaceutical sector focus primarily on developing novel drug formulations which can elicit the desired response upon being administered to the patient...
For IIR members only
Global cold storage capacity
This table presents the cold storage capacity in about 50 countries, based on data from the Global Cold Chain Alliance (GCCA).
Cold storage conditions for fruits and vegetables
Practical recommendations for the cold storage of over 200 cultivars of fruits, vegetables and herbs (storage temperatures, relative humidity, storage time, controlled atmosphere...
Hydrocarbon refrigerants
Hydrocarbons such as R290 (propane), R600a (isobutane) or R1270 (propene/propylene) are low GWP non-toxic natural refrigerants with excellent thermodynamic properties. They offer an...
Nanorefrigerants
Nanorefrigerants are created by adding nanoparticles in suspension to a base refrigerant. They have a thermal conductivity that is 15% to 104% higher than that of the corresponding...
Thermophysical properties of HFC refrigerants
Thermophysical properties of over 100 HFC refrigerants, including single-component and blends.
Thermophysical properties of HFO refrigerants
Thermophysical properties of over 50 HFO refrigerants, including single-component and blends.
Thermophysical properties of hydrocarbon refrigerants
Thermophysical properties of over 20 hydrocarbon refrigerants, including single-component and blends.
Global warming potential (GWP) of HFC refrigerants
Using the latest updated data from UNEP’s RTOC 2022 report, we have compiled the 100-year GWP and 20-year GWP values of hydrofluorocarbon-based (HFC) refrigerants. Our table includes...
Ice cream manufacturing, environmental impact and market data
From a physico-chemical point of view, ice cream is a complex, frozen multiphase mixture. The manufacturing process includes several stages of freezing which are described in this...
Liquefied Natural Gas: production process and cold energy recovery
Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is natural gas that has been cooled to about -160 °C and turned into a liquid to facilitate transportation and storage. A typical LNG supply chain...
Global HFC emissions from the refrigeration sector
This table shows HFC emissions from the refrigeration sector – including air conditioning – in million tonnes of CO2 equivalent for about 40 countries that are signatories...
Additive manufacturing of regenerators for caloric cooling
In many areas of engineering, additive manufacturing allows the production of complex and multifunctional products that could not be manufactured using traditional methods. In the...
Additive manufacturing of heat exchangers
In the refrigeration industry, additive manufacturing (colloquially referred to as “3D printing”) makes it possible to fabricate novel, complex and potentially more energy efficient...
Events
3 results
IIR event
17th IIR-Gustav Lorentzen Conference on Natural Refrigerants (GL 2026)
August 23, 2026 - August 26, 2026
Hamilton, New Zealand
Submit your abstract! With the increasing need for global warming countermeasures, natural working fluids have become a clear vector to reducing the CO2 footprint of...
Find out more
Other event
2026 Cryogenic Microscopy & Spectroscopy Workshop
March 23, 2026 - March 26, 2026
Brno, Czech (Republic)
Fostering cross‐disciplinary collaboration & innovation in cryogenics, electron microscopy, and spectroscopy.
15th IIR Conference on Phase-Change Materials and Slurries for Refrigeration and Air Conditioning
September 16, 2026 - September 18, 2026
Xi'an, China
Call for abstracts is open! The 15th IIR Conference on Phase-Change Materials and Slurries for Refrigeration...
