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Study of optimal sizing for residential sorption heat pump system.
IIR document
Sizing strategy of on–off and modulating heat pump systems based on annual energy analysis.
High temperature heat pump assisted softwood dryer: sizing and control requirements & energy performance.
Material selection and sizing of a thermoelectric generator (TEG) for power generation in a self-powered heating system.
Effect of sorbet freezing process on draw temperature and ice crystal size using focused beam reflectance method (FBRM) online measurements.
Helium management concept for the ITER cryogenic system.
Engineer’s notebook: the fundamentals of expansion tanks.
Comparative investigation on water fouling characteristics in 5 mm and 7 mm tubes with smooth type and screwed type.
Design of pumping installations: development of an Excel workbook for hydraulic machines lectures.
On one selected problem in mathematical modeling of superconducting cylindrical coils in case of using the Ic(B) characteristic linearized in parts.
Recommended by the IIR / IIR document
Scenarios for engineering headered safety relief vent systems.
Ciclo de absorção intermitente agua-amoníaco para produção de gelo utilizando energia solar térmica.
Intermittent water-ammonia absorption cycle for ice production using thermal solar energy.
Design requirements for effective ammonia defrost systems.
Dimensioning multi-compartment equipment.
Calculation of maximum length of directly-buried cooling pipeline in cooling base station.
[In Chinese. / En chinois.]
Refrigeration sector monitoring
29 results
Optimizing frost-free refrigerators
A team from the Federal University of Paraná and the Federal University of Technology – Paraná in Brazil has modelled and optimized a frost-free refrigerator aimed at both cost and energy savings.
US: a step closer to authorizing HCs in vending machines?
A submission by A.S. Trust & Holdings requesting SNAP approval for the use of hydrocarbon refrigerant R441A in new vending machines has been found complete by the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). As a result, “R441A may be sold in new...
Minimizing emissions in 3 Australian supermarkets by using R-290
AIRAH (Australian Institute for Refrigeration Air-conditioning and Heating) has published a case study on 3 Aldi supermarkets in Australia that are minimizing greenhouse gas emissions by using R-290 (propane) chest freezers in their retail frozen...
Ammonia and hard ice revolutionizing the mining industry
Temperatures in mines can exceed 60°C, so keeping the underground cool and safe for workers represents an enormous challenge for the mining industry.
Assessing the market potential of industrial heat pumps in Europe
To address the lack of product development of high temperature heat pumps, a recent article provides manufacturers with an estimate of the industrial heat pump market potential in...
EPA targets illegal HFC imports in new AIM Act enforcement alert
The EPA issued an alert on enforcing the AIM Act, targeting illegal HFC imports and emphasizing recent actions to reduce these potent greenhouse gases by 85% by 2036 to combat climate change.
The Air conditioning and Refrigeration Institute (ARI) issued a white paper on Energy Recovery Ventilation (ERV).
The white paper, entitled "Characterizing the efficiency of energy recovery ventilation and informing the design of HVAC systems", supplements the ARI guideline V: "Calculating the Efficiency of Energy Recovery Ventilation and its Effect on...
Brief: Institute of Refrigeration
The Institute of Refrigeration (IoR) has published a guidance note on "Energy Efficiency and Refrigerant Choice". The key message of this note is "Refrigerant choice matters, but many other design issues matter more". "Mistakes in design and...
ICR2019: focus on innovative refrigeration technologies for developing countries
Several papers presented during the IIR International Congress of Refrigeration in August 2019 addressed advances in the refrigeration technologies that are particularly adapted to hot countries with limited electricity supply: solar...
Cold stores in India
According to a report published in October 2013, Indian cold stores account for about 16% of the total warehousing industry. Estimated worth: USD 1500 billion.
Energy efficiency of HVAC equipment suffers due to poor installation
According to a NIST research report, the benefits of improved energy efficiency ratings can go for naught if the refrigerating equipment is not installed properly.
The climate impact of the refrigeration sector in Australia
According to a recent report, the refrigeration sector accounts for 24% of Australia’s electricity consumption and 11.5% of CO2 emissions. This report also identifies the main causes of direct and...
Refrigerated transport: innovations and challenges for sustainability
Review of the most promising technologies for refrigerated transport: vapour compression systems with natural refrigerants, photovoltaic systems with electrical energy storage,...
Ionic liquids in combination with CO2: promising technology?
A group of scientists at the University of Notre Dame, Indiana, USA, are now working on utilizing novel ionic liquids – pure salts that are liquid at ambient temperatures – in tandem with CO2.
Dubai sets air conditioning to 24ºC
Dubai Electricity and Water Authority (DEWA) has extended its annual “Set your AC to 24°C” campaign to raise awareness among customer and commercial consumers about the importance of rationalizing consumption to preserve natural resources.
IIR news
11 results
Join our second Webinar on Walk-In Cold Rooms on June 11!
Book your seat! Register to the second webinar in our '"Cool Insights" series highlighting the use of walk-in cold rooms for precooling and storage of fresh produce in the Global South.
Adapting to Rising Temperatures: Highlights and Proceedings from the 1st IIR International Adaptation Conference
The 1st IIR International Conference on Refrigeration: Adapting to Rising Temperatures, held from 10–13 August 2025 at the University of Manchester, brought together over 120...
HARFKO 2015: More successful than ever welcomes UNEP Ozone2Climate Roundtable & Roadshow
Last week the IIR was delighted to participate in the 13th Heating, Air-conditioning, Refrigeration & Fluid Exhibition – KOREA (HARFKO 2015).
Walk-in cold rooms: webinar replay and slides now available
Thank you for taking part in our second webinar! You can now download the slides and watch the replay on the IIR YouTube channel. Furthermore, the overview guide is also available in...
New IIR Informatory Note on thermal energy storage systems
IIR’s latest Informatory Note demonstrates that a well-designed TES system can reduce energy consumption through more efficient equipment operation and lower investment costs, thus reducing the equipment...
IIR wins ECREEE Award for solar cooling and heating efforts in Africa with SophiA
The ECOWAS Sustainable Energy Forum took place in Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire on November 28-29. The IIR organised a SophiA workshop and was honoured with an ECREEE Award for its outstanding contribution to...
Double Award for Coldway Technologies, part of SOFRIGAM Group
Sofrigam won two awards at Business France's pitch competition for its energy storage device "THERMOSTORE", utilizing ammonia. Let's take a closer look at this technology.
COOL-SAVE Workshop on July 10, 2014 in Lleida, Spain
On July 10, 2014, the COOL-SAVE consortium will hold an workshop at the Lleida Commerce and Industry Chamber in Spain.
IIR committee meetings
The Management Committee (MC) of the IIR met in Paris on November 29, 2005. On November 28, two other meetings took place: the Publications Sub-Committee (PSC) meeting and the meeting of the representatives of the Science and Technology Council to...
Obituary: Per-Oskar Persson
The former Managing Director of Frigoscandia AB, Per-Oskar Persson of Helsingborg, Sweden passed away on August 26, 2008, at the age of 84. He was an Honorary Member of IIR, President of Commission D1, 1971 - 1979, and Head of Section D 1979 -...
World Cold Chain Symposium 2025 highlights institutional collaboration and investment innovation
Nairobi, Kenya - 1 November 2025. The World Cold Chain Symposium (WCCS) convened global experts, industry leaders, and policymakers at the UNEP Headquarters in Nairobi, ahead of the 37th Meeting of the Parties...
Encyclopedia of Refrigeration
5 results
Cryogenics in the pharmaceutical industry: drug design and bioavailability improvement
Research activities in the pharmaceutical sector focus primarily on developing novel drug formulations which can elicit the desired response upon being administered to the patient...
Nanorefrigerants
Nanorefrigerants are created by adding nanoparticles in suspension to a base refrigerant. They have a thermal conductivity that is 15% to 104% higher than that of the corresponding...
Hydrocarbon refrigerants
Hydrocarbons such as R290 (propane), R600a (isobutane) or R1270 (propene/propylene) are low GWP non-toxic natural refrigerants with excellent thermodynamic properties. They offer an...
Ice cream manufacturing, environmental impact and market data
From a physico-chemical point of view, ice cream is a complex, frozen multiphase mixture. The manufacturing process includes several stages of freezing which are described in this...
Cryogenic nitrogen in the food and beverage industry
The adoption of cryogenic processes in the food and beverage industry is predominantly driven by liquid nitrogen (LIN), and it is the preferred candidate for food chilling and...
Events
1 result
Other event
15th IEA Heat Pump Conference
May 26, 2026 - May 29, 2026
Vienna, Austria
Join the 15th IEA Heat Pump Conference, which will take place in Vienna, Austria,from May 26-29, 2026! The 15th IEA Heat Pump Conference, co-sponsored by IIR,...
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