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IIR document
Speed of sound measurements of HFO-1234ze(E) in the liquid phase.
Compressed liquid speed of sound measurements of cis-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoroprop-1-ene (R1234ze(Z)).
Speed of sound measurement for R-1336mzz(Z) and R-1233zd(E) in the liquid phase.
Gaseous speed of sound and virial coefficients for 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (R1234yf) + 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (R134a) binary mixture.
Experimental speed of sound for cis-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (R1234ze(Z)) and hexafluoropropene (R1216) in gaseous phase.
Thermodynamic properties of cis-1-chloro-2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-1-propene [R-1224yd(Z)]: Experimental measurements of the density and speed of sound and modeling with the Patel–Teja equation of state.
Dipole moment and heat capacity in the ideal gas state derived from relative permittivity and speed of sound measurements for HFO-1123 and HCFO-1224yd(Z).
Compressed liquid density and speed of sound measurements and correlation of the binary mixture {carbon dioxide (CO2) + 1,1-difluoroethene (R1132a)} at temperatures from 220 K to 350 K.
Supersonic axial compressor stage simplified analysis.
Turbulence modeling of a single-phase R134a supersonic ejector. 1. Numerical benchmark.
Speed of sound in gaseous cis-1,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene (R1234ze(Z)) between 307?K and 420?K.
Turbulence modeling of a single-phase R134a supersonic ejector. 2. Local flow structure and exergy analysis.
Performance analysis of a supersonic ejector cycle working with R245fa.
Speed of sound and dielectric constant measurements for a mixture of HFO-1123 and R-32 in the gas phase.
Refrigeration sector monitoring
28 results
Novel catalysts to address overheating in hypersonic aircraft
Researchers at Australia's RMIT University have developed 3D-printed catalysts to address the challenge of overheating in hypersonic aircraft and possibly other industrial...
Energy savings in a milk plant through permanent magnet speed motors (en français)
A Belgian milk plant reduces by 18 to 21% the necessary energy for cooling through permanent magnet speed motors. (en français)
World air-conditioning market in 2019
Despite a decline of -0.8% in sales globally, many markets performed well in 2019. Inverter technology and smart air conditioners are steadily gaining ground globally while sales of R32 systems are increasing...
Cryopreservation techniques in reproductive medicine: improving cell survival after warming
A recent literature review presents the technical progress in cryopreservation techniques. The vitrification concept is presented as crucial to ensure cell survival after cryopreservation.
A must-read in the IJR: a review of storage temperatures for biological material
To improve storage efficiency, the authors of a review article take stock of storage temperatures for biological material (cells, proteins, DNA, etc).
China to enforce a more stringent energy efficiency standard for air conditioners
A new standard, which will come into effect on July 1, 2020, increases the minimum energy efficiency values of room air conditioners, resulting in the elimination of the least efficient air conditioners, i.e....
Noise reduction strategies for screw compressors
The operating noise of twin-screw compressors is an important issue that may limit their scope of application. Two recent IJR papers suggest several noise reduction methods and analyse their...
State of the art on the flammability of HFOs
An article recently published in the IJR reviews the flammability characteristics of 48 HFOs and blends for various experimental conditions.
Market assessment and updates of Rwanda’s national cooling strategy
In Rwanda, the purchase of household refrigerators and ACs is increasing with economic growth. As part of the national cooling strategy, the country has launched a public awareness campaign on efficient cooling...
Newly revised efficiency standards for ACs in Brazil and India
Stringent minimum energy performance standards (MEPS) for air-conditioning (AC) equipment contribute to cutting down the energy demand for ACs globally. Setting up and periodically revising energy efficiency...
Efficient cooling methods to reduce heat stress in pigs
Microclimate parameters such as air temperature and humidity are important indicators of animal welfare. Besides, heat stress is more detrimental to productivity in the swine...
Is super-cooling better than chilling for seafood products?
Super-cooled storage is a novel technique that better preserves the texture and freshness of fish and extends shelf life compared to chilling.
Is this the final run in the quest for the Higgs Boson?
In March 2012, physicists from Fermilab’s Tevatron collider near Chicago announced that data collected could suggest the existence of the Higgs boson. Furthermore, the results coincide with the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) results released by CERN...
A low-GWP cooling system for the Eiffel Tower
The ageing R407C cooling system in the tower’s west pillar has been replaced with an energy efficient system using low GWP R1234ze(E).
Defining energy efficiency indicators for refrigerated shipping vessels
A working group from the International Maritime Organisation (IMO) has proposed new energy efficiency indicators for ships. Shipping companies challenge their...
IIR news
6 results
Heat pumps, the central theme of the recent IIR Congress
An overview of the research carried out in the field of heat pumps, with the aim of achieving greater flexibility and increased energy efficiency, in particular through to the use of thermal energy...
Member news: Daikin introduces EWYS-4Z: High-Efficiency Cooling and Heating Solution for Industrial and Commercial Needs
The polyvalent EWYS-4Z cooling and heating unit, which runs on R513A, is designed for superior energy efficiency and reduced noise for industrial and commercial applications.
SophiA project: HKA Lab test progress
SophiA HKA (Karlsruhe University of Applied Sciences) Lab test is intended to provide a better understanding of the cooling system in in different climate zones.
Call for abstracts: IIR Compressors Conference 2020
Set to celebrate its 10th anniversary edition in the series, the IIR next Conference on Compressors and Refrigerants has launched a call for abstracts. Don't miss the deadline!
Member news: Presenting MIRAI Intex's Latest process cooling Innovation - X Cryo
Discover the latest advancement in process cooling technology from MIRAI Intex. X Cryo delivers precision and durability, meeting the needs of demanding industrial applications.
Technical visit to the Tokyo fish market (in French)
During the ICCC conference last June, participants were offered technical visits, including a tour of the Tokyo Fish Market. Alain Le Bail, President of the IIR Commission C2, chose to visit it. Discover his...
Encyclopedia of Refrigeration
4 results
Cryogenics in the pharmaceutical industry: drug design and bioavailability improvement
Research activities in the pharmaceutical sector focus primarily on developing novel drug formulations which can elicit the desired response upon being administered to the patient...
Cryogenic nitrogen in the food and beverage industry
The adoption of cryogenic processes in the food and beverage industry is predominantly driven by liquid nitrogen (LIN), and it is the preferred candidate for food chilling and...
Additive manufacturing of regenerators for caloric cooling
In many areas of engineering, additive manufacturing allows the production of complex and multifunctional products that could not be manufactured using traditional methods. In the...
Additive manufacturing of heat exchangers
In the refrigeration industry, additive manufacturing (colloquially referred to as “3D printing”) makes it possible to fabricate novel, complex and potentially more energy efficient...
