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At-home vertical farm and automatic irrigation system implementation.
IIR document
On-farm milk cooling solution based on insulated cans with integrated ice compartment.
Advances in sperm cryopreservation in farm animals: cattle, horse, pig and sheep
Salmonella in table eggs from farm to retail: when is cooling required?
Computational model of a PCM heat exchanger for on farm cooling of milk.
Liquid ice with an anaesthetic additive improves animal welfare in farmed sea bream during stunning and slaughtering.
Crushed ice including nanoencapsulated clove essential oil improves animal welfare in farmed European sea bass during stunning and slaughtering.
Investigating the suitability of a heat pump water-heater as a method to reduce agricultural emissions in dairy farms
Improving the energy efficiency and milk quality with CO2 refrigeration systems with heat recovery on New Zealand dairy farms.
No food left behind. Part 1: underutilized produce ripe for alternative markets.
Effect of different freezing temperatures on the physical, technological, and organoleptic properties of aged semimembranosus muscles from farmed fallow deer (Dama dama).
Chambers development based absorption refrigeration units for low-temperature processing and storage of meat and fish production in conditions of peasant farmers.
[In Ukrainian. / En ukrainien.]
Nanoencapsulated clove essential oil embedded in ice used in stunning and slaughtering by hypothermia of rainbow trout enhances animal welfare.
Recommended by the IIR / IIR document
Refrigeration and sustainability in the seafood cold chain.
Postharvest technologies for small-scale farmers in low- and middle-income countries: A call to action.
Refrigeration sector monitoring
362 results
Norwegian lobster farm uses waste heat from datacentre
An innovative lobster farm will use waste heat from a Norwegian datacentre for water temperature regulation.
Mini containers, an energy-efficient solution for small farmers?
To benefit small growers, a team of researchers investigated the concept of mini containers that would consume less energy and produce fewer GHG emissions than conventional full-size...
A new solar-powered milk cooling system could benefit small-scale dairy farmers
Researchers from the University of Hohenheim studied a solar milk cooling system which was tested in Tunisia and could be implemented in Kenya.
ColdHubs: Revolutionising Nigerian agriculture with solar-powered cold rooms and empowering farmers
ColdHubs, founded by Nnaemeka Ikegwuonu, provides walk-in solar-powered cold rooms to combat post-harvest crop spoilage among small-scale farmers in Nigeria through Cooling-as-a-Service (CaaS). Their latest...
Green buildings: Darmstadtium
Darmstadtium features pioneering energy-saving and environmental technologies. For instance, a "Calla" - a flower-like funnel-shaped glass roof - in the heart of the building collects rainwater, lets in daylight and sucks in fresh air. Cooling is...
Prototype wine cooler using magnetic refrigeration
A prototype wine cooler using magnetocaloric technology was presented at the Consumer Electronics Show in Las Vegas in January 2015.
Taiwanese fruit distributor tracks fresh produce via RFID
Je-Nong Cooperative Farm has reduced labor costs by adopting plastic crates with embedded passive UHF EPC tags to track its products.
Cold storage capacity in Australia
In 2007, the total number of cold stores amounted to 32 000, 30% of which were in farms. Most existing facilities in the state are currently operating at full capacity after a substantial decline in business between 2008 and 2010.
Unique flow ice application in Tasmania
A Flow Ice generator, built by Pam Refrigeration in Cape Town, is now in use for the rapid cooling of freshly caught salmon in road tankers for a Tasmanian salmon farm.
Developing cold chain solutions in West Africa
African providers of cold storage solutions have entered into a strategic regional partnership to develop the cold chain business in African countries.
Refrigeration and Food
Given the ever-increasing processing and exportation of food, world food is consuming more and more energy by the day: a trend that threatens to send food prices rocketing overnight if not taken in hand. The US food system alone uses over 10.55 x...
India: Himachal Pradesh launched its first solar-powered cold storage
This pilot project brings clean energy to crop storage, aiming to cut losses and support small farmers.
India: solar-powered micro cold rooms
Solar-powered micro cold rooms using phase-change materials could be a solution for small farmers in India.
Sub-Saharan milk cooler project awarded USD 1 million
A University of Georgia engineer received USD 1 million to continue working on a milk cooler designed to help dairy farmers, particularly those in sub-Saharan Africa, who lack access to refrigeration.
A new African Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Cooling and Cold Chain
A new African Centre of Excellence for sustainable cooling and cold chain (ACES) based in Rwanda, will help African farmers get their produce to market quickly and efficiently, thus reducing food waste, boosting...
IIR news
218 results
Tribute to Farès Charbel
The IIR is deeply saddened by the passing of prof. Farès Charbel, former Lebanese delegate, and extends its heartfelt condolences to his family.
ENOUGH – a new project that will identify how food industry can become net zero by 2050
The project will develop technologies, tools and methods to contribute to the EU’s farm to fork Strategy to achieve climate neutrality in the food industry.
The “Carbon reduction opportunities for the food chain” workshop at ICCC 2022
The workshop was focused on the solutions brought by the EU project ENOUGH to reduce emissions from the food sector as set by the EU farm to fork strategy. A panel discussion was also held during the event...
EU project ENOUGH offers PhD scholarship at CNR-ITC in Padova (Italy)
A PhD scholarship will be offered as part of the Horizon 2020 project ENOUGH. The European project will aim to provide technologies, tools and methods to contribute to the EU Farm to Fork strategy to achieve...
ENOUGH Project: Joint Statement on Food Waste Reduction
The ENOUGH project has joined efforts to call for rigorous food waste reduction measures in Europe.
The “Projects on clean and efficient refrigeration solutions for food and healthcare sectors in developing countries” workshop at ICCC 2022
An IIR workshop which has gathered the current projects in developing countries that will help to raise awareness among the industry, farmers, policymakers, and consumers… on the importance of adopting a...
IIR Activity Report
IIR actions clearly correspond to the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, particularly the goals. In 2020, the IIR publishes for the first time its annual activity report according to these goals, in...
Discover the ENOUGH tool
The software to optimise food quality, energy use and environmental impact of a food supply chain.
ICR2023: ENOUGH, INDEE+ and SophiA conference papers are now online!
Download papers presented at ICR2023.
Past events: The IIR around the world, December 2022
IIR's participation in MOP 34 and the SIFA fair in Lyon.
A new technical guide on cold rooms
On the occasion of COP 28, the IIR and Efficiency for Access, with the contribution of ESMAP, have published a new guide. It aims to provide accessible and practical guidance to enable developers, owners,...
The IIR website gets a makeover
After three years of existence, the home page of the IIR website has been modernised and its content made more visible. IIR projects are given a special place of honour, with detailed pages dedicated to each of...
ENOUGH at the 37th EFFoST International Conference 2023
Several partners from the ENOUGH project were present at the 37th EFFoST International Conference 2023 in Valencia this week.
Walk-In Cold Rooms: A Practitioner’s Technical Guide
In many developing countries, agriculture is crucial to livelihoods, and developing the cold chain from field to table can boost incomes and stimulate economic growth. Cold stores are an essential link in the...
Press release: Publish your PhD thesis dedicated to refrigeration in the International Institute of Refrigeration Fridoc database
The International Institute of Refrigeration (IIR) references and makes available in open access on its website, PhD theses dedicated to refrigeration.
Encyclopedia of Refrigeration
15 results
Cryogenics in the pharmaceutical industry: drug design and bioavailability improvement
Research activities in the pharmaceutical sector focus primarily on developing novel drug formulations which can elicit the desired response upon being administered to the patient...
Global warming potential (GWP) of HFC refrigerants
Using the latest updated data from UNEP’s RTOC 2022 report, we have compiled the 100-year GWP and 20-year GWP values of hydrofluorocarbon-based (HFC) refrigerants. Our table includes...
Global HFC emissions from the refrigeration sector
This table shows HFC emissions from the refrigeration sector – including air conditioning – in million tonnes of CO2 equivalent for about 40 countries that are signatories...
Nanorefrigerants
Nanorefrigerants are created by adding nanoparticles in suspension to a base refrigerant. They have a thermal conductivity that is 15% to 104% higher than that of the corresponding...
Additive manufacturing of regenerators for caloric cooling
In many areas of engineering, additive manufacturing allows the production of complex and multifunctional products that could not be manufactured using traditional methods. In the...
Cold storage conditions for fruits and vegetables
Practical recommendations for the cold storage of over 200 cultivars of fruits, vegetables and herbs (storage temperatures, relative humidity, storage time, controlled atmosphere...
Environmental impact of the ice cream industry
This summary document describes the environmental impact of ice cream manufacturing, which is mainly due to the energy consumption and refrigerants used.
Additive manufacturing of heat exchangers
In the refrigeration industry, additive manufacturing (colloquially referred to as “3D printing”) makes it possible to fabricate novel, complex and potentially more energy efficient...
Cryogenic nitrogen in the food and beverage industry
The adoption of cryogenic processes in the food and beverage industry is predominantly driven by liquid nitrogen (LIN), and it is the preferred candidate for food chilling and...
Hydrocarbon refrigerants
Hydrocarbons such as R290 (propane), R600a (isobutane) or R1270 (propene/propylene) are low GWP non-toxic natural refrigerants with excellent thermodynamic properties. They offer an...
Ice cream manufacturing, environmental impact and market data
From a physico-chemical point of view, ice cream is a complex, frozen multiphase mixture. The manufacturing process includes several stages of freezing which are described in this...
Liquefied Natural Gas: production process and cold energy recovery
Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is natural gas that has been cooled to about -160 °C and turned into a liquid to facilitate transportation and storage. A typical LNG supply chain...
For IIR members only
Global cold storage capacity
This table presents the cold storage capacity in about 50 countries, based on data from the Global Cold Chain Alliance (GCCA).
Heat pump stock in Europe
This table presents the stock of installed heat pumps, the CO2 emissions avoided and the number of jobs in the heat pump sector in Europe.
André Lebon
André Lebon (1859 – 1938). Membre fondateur de l’Association Internationale du Froid puis de l’Institut International du Froid
Events
4 results
IIR event
17th IIR-Gustav Lorentzen Conference on Natural Refrigerants (GL 2026)
August 23, 2026 - August 26, 2026
Hamilton, New Zealand
Submit your abstract! With the increasing need for global warming countermeasures, natural working fluids have become a clear vector to reducing the CO2 footprint of...
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Other event
21st International Conference & Exhibition on Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG2026)
February 02, 2026 - February 05, 2026
Doha, Qatar
Register...
15th IEA Heat Pump Conference
May 26, 2026 - May 29, 2026
Vienna, Austria
Join the 15th IEA Heat Pump Conference, which will take place in Vienna, Austria,from May 26-29, 2026! The 15th IEA Heat Pump Conference, co-sponsored by IIR,...
Webinar – Refrigerated Transport in Hot Climates: Challenges and Innovations
December 09, 2025
France
Objective: To share key insights from the UNEP/IIR Cold Chain Technology Brief: Road Refrigerated Transport in Hot Climates, foster dialogue between experts, industry, and policymakers, and promote sustainable...
