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Duke Farms - growing green together, masterplan and implementation.

• Author(s) : GUTTERMAN N. R., SIMMONS P.
• Publication date: 2014/02
• Languages : English
• Source: 49^th AiCARR International Conference. Historical and existing buildings: designing the retrofit. An overview from energy performances to indoor air quality.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

On-farm milk cooling solution based on insulated cans with integrated ice compartment.

• Author(s) : TORRES-TOLEDO V., HACK A., MRABET F., et al.
• Publication date: 2018/06
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Small scale, Milk, Temperature, Cooling, Developing country, Dairy, Farm, Expérimentation, Solar cooling
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 90
• Formats : PDF

Advances in sperm cryopreservation in farm animals: cattle, horse, pig and sheep

• Author(s) : YÁNEZ-ORTIZ I., CATALAN J., RODRÍGUEZ-GIL J. E., MIRÓ J., YESTE M.
• Publication date: 2022/11
• Languages : English
• Source: Animal Reproduction Science - vol. 246
• Formats : PDF

Salmonella in table eggs from farm to retail: when is cooling required?

• Author(s) : GROSS S., JOHNE A., ADOLPHS J., et al.
• Publication date: 2015/01
• Languages : English
• Source: Food Control The International Journal of HACCP and Food Safety - vol. 47

IIR document

Computational model of a PCM heat exchanger for on farm cooling of milk.

• Author(s) : PARK J. Y., FARID M.
• Publication date: 2016/04/07
• Languages : English
• Source: 4^th IIR International Conference on Sustainability and the Cold Chain. Proceedings: Auckland, New Zealand, April 7-9, 2016.
• Formats : PDF

Liquid ice with an anaesthetic additive improves animal welfare in farmed sea bream during stunning and slaughtering.

• Author(s) : LÓPEZ-CÁNOVAS A. E., MULERO-MENDEZ V., ROS-CHUMILLAS M., et al.
• Publication date: 2016/05/03
• Languages : English
• Source: CYTEF 2016. VIII Congreso Ibérico y VI Congreso Iberoamericano de las Ciencias y Técnicas del Frío, Coimbra-Portugal, 3-6 mayo, 2016.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Crushed ice including nanoencapsulated clove essential oil improves animal welfare in farmed European sea bass during stunning and slaughtering.

• Author(s) : LÓPEZ GÓMEZ A., LÓPEZ-CÁNOVAS A. E., ROS-CHUMILLAS M., et al.
• Publication date: 2019/08/24
• Languages : English
• Source: Proceedings of the 25^th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration: Montréal , Canada, August 24-30, 2019.
• Formats : PDF

Investigating the suitability of a heat pump water-heater as a method to reduce agricultural emissions in dairy farms

• Author(s) : BYRNE P. S., CARTON J. G., CORCORAN B.
• Publication date: 2021/05
• Languages : English
• Source: Sustainability - 13 - 10
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Improving the energy efficiency and milk quality with CO2 refrigeration systems with heat recovery on New Zealand dairy farms.

• Author(s) : VISSER K.
• Publication date: 2016/04/07
• Languages : English
• Source: 4^th IIR International Conference on Sustainability and the Cold Chain. Proceedings: Auckland, New Zealand, April 7-9, 2016.
• Formats : PDF

No food left behind. Part 1: underutilized produce ripe for alternative markets.

• Author(s) : World Wildlife Fund
• Publication date: 2018/08
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Tomato, Potato, Postharvest treatment, Generality, Food industry, Cold chain, Harvesting, Agriculture, Statistics, Loss, Peach, Lettuce, Farm, USA
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

The influence of long-term storage, temperature and type of packaging materials on the quality characteristics of frozen farmed Atlantic Salmon (Salmo Salar).

• Author(s) : INDERGÅRD E., TOLSTOREBROV I., LARSEN H., et al.
• Publication date: 2014/05
• Languages : English
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 41
• Formats : PDF

Chambers development based absorption refrigeration units for low-temperature processing and storage of meat and fish production in conditions of peasant farmers.

[In Ukrainian. / En ukrainien.]

• Author(s) : TITLOV A. S., SHLAPAK G. V.
• Publication date: 2015/05
• Languages : Ukrainian
• Source: Holodil'na Tehnika i Tehnologiâ - vol. 51 - n.5

Nanoencapsulated clove essential oil embedded in ice used in stunning and slaughtering by hypothermia of rainbow trout enhances animal welfare.

• Author(s) : LÓPEZ-CÁNOVAS A. E., GARCIA-AYALA A., NAVARRO SEGURA L., ROS-CHUMILLAS M., LÓPEZ GÓMEZ A.
• Publication date: 2020/11/11
• Languages : English
• Source: X Congreso Ibérico y VIII Congreso Iberoamericano de Ciencias y Técnicas del Frío, CYTEF 2020.
• Formats : PDF

Recommended by the IIR / IIR document

Refrigeration and sustainability in the seafood cold chain.

• Author(s) : NORDTVEDT T. S., WIDELL K. N.
• Publication date: 2020/08/26
• Languages : English
• Source: 6^th IIR International Conference on Sustainability and the Cold Chain. Proceedings: Nantes, France, August 26-28 2020
• Formats : Video, PDF

Recommended by the IIR

Use of Different Cooling Methods in Pig Facilities to Alleviate the Effects of Heat Stress—A Review

• Author(s) : Godyń D., HERBUT P., ANGRECKA S., VIEIRA F.M.C.
• Publication date: 2020/09
• Languages : English
• Source: Animals - 10 - 9
• Formats : PDF

Norwegian lobster farm uses waste heat from datacentre

An innovative lobster farm will use waste heat from a Norwegian datacentre for water temperature regulation.

• Publication date : 2021/08/30
• Subjects: Technology

Mini containers, an energy-efficient solution for small farmers?

To benefit small growers, a team of researchers investigated the concept of mini containers that would consume less energy and produce fewer GHG emissions than conventional full-size...

• Publication date : 2022/12/12
• Subjects: Technology

A new solar-powered milk cooling system could benefit small-scale dairy farmers

Researchers from the University of Hohenheim studied a solar milk cooling system which was tested in Tunisia and could be implemented in Kenya.

• Publication date : 2018/06/22

Green buildings: Darmstadtium

Darmstadtium features pioneering energy-saving and environmental technologies. For instance, a "Calla" - a flower-like funnel-shaped glass roof - in the heart of the building collects rainwater, lets in daylight and sucks in fresh air. Cooling is...

• Publication date : 2008/07/11

Fermidable

In a team led by Wolfgang Ketterle, a nobel laureate, MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology) scientists have been the first to create "a new type of matter", a gas of atoms that shows high-temperature superfluidity. A superfluid gas can flow...

• Publication date : 2005/10/26

Benefits of closed display cabinets for food preservation

A recent article in the IJR shows that in comparison to an open display cabinet, a closed display cabinet achieves lower product temperature and better temperature homogeneity, even with a high door-opening frequency.

• Publication date : 2019/08/29

French retailers to close refrigerated cabinets

French retailers commit to equip at least 75% of their chiller cabinets with doors and glazing by 2020.

• Publication date : 2012/03/29

Prototype wine cooler using magnetic refrigeration

A prototype wine cooler using magnetocaloric technology was presented at the Consumer Electronics Show in Las Vegas in January 2015.

• Publication date : 2015/01/29

China announces HCFC shutdown

China has announced closure of five HCFC refrigeration production lines, nearly 16% of total production, by 2015.

• Publication date : 2014/11/11

China announces HCFC shutdown

China has announced it will close five of its HCFC refrigeration production lines, nearly 16% of total production, by 2015.

• Publication date : 2014/10/10

A French supermarket switches its refrigeration system to CO2 without closing the store

The French retailer Intermarché has replaced its R404A system with a transcritical CO2 system in a store in Montmagny, near Paris.

• Publication date : 2018/01/17

Taiwanese fruit distributor tracks fresh produce via RFID

Je-Nong Cooperative Farm has reduced labor costs by adopting plastic crates with embedded passive UHF EPC tags to track its products.

• Publication date : 2013/11/19

Cold storage capacity in Australia

In 2007, the total number of cold stores amounted to 32 000, 30% of which were in farms. Most existing facilities in the state are currently operating at full capacity after a substantial decline in business between 2008 and 2010.

• Publication date : 2013/06/03
• Subjects: Figures, economy

Unique flow ice application in Tasmania

A Flow Ice generator, built by Pam Refrigeration in Cape Town, is now in use for the rapid cooling of freshly caught salmon in road tankers for a Tasmanian salmon farm.

• Publication date : 2014/01/02

Developing cold chain solutions in West Africa

African providers of cold storage solutions have entered into a strategic regional partnership to develop the cold chain business in African countries.

• Publication date : 2021/06/14
• Subjects: Developing country

ENOUGH – a new project that will identify how food industry can become net zero by 2050

The project will develop technologies, tools and methods to contribute to the EU’s farm to fork Strategy to achieve climate neutrality in the food industry.

• Publication date : 2021/10/29

The “Carbon reduction opportunities for the food chain” workshop at ICCC 2022

The workshop was focused on the solutions brought by the EU project ENOUGH to reduce emissions from the food sector as set by the EU farm to fork strategy. A panel discussion was also held during the event...

• Publication date : 2022/04/29

EU project ENOUGH offers PhD scholarship at CNR-ITC in Padova (Italy)

A PhD scholarship will be offered as part of the Horizon 2020 project ENOUGH. The European project will aim to provide technologies, tools and methods to contribute to the EU Farm to Fork strategy to achieve...

• Publication date : 2022/02/15
• Subjects: Technology, Environment

The “Projects on clean and efficient refrigeration solutions for food and healthcare sectors in developing countries” workshop at ICCC 2022

An IIR workshop which has gathered the current projects in developing countries that will help to raise awareness among the industry, farmers, policymakers, and consumers… on the importance of adopting a...

• Publication date : 2022/04/29

IIR Activity Report

IIR actions clearly correspond to the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, particularly the goals. In 2020, the IIR publishes for the first time its annual activity report according to these goals, in...

• Publication date : 2021/02/23

Past events: The IIR around the world, December 2022

IIR's participation in MOP 34 and the SIFA fair in Lyon.

• Publication date : 2022/12/13

Press release: Publish your PhD thesis dedicated to refrigeration in the International Institute of Refrigeration Fridoc database

The International Institute of Refrigeration (IIR) references and makes available in open access on its website, PhD theses dedicated to refrigeration.

• Publication date : 2017/03/08

Press release : International Institute of Refrigeration launches new International Journal of Refrigeration online service

As of January 2017, not only will members of the International Institute of Refrigeration (IIR) continue to receive the hard copy of the International Journal of Refrigeration (IJR) but IIR membership will now also give members access to the...

• Publication date : 2017/01/11

Press release: The International Institute of Refrigeration appoints Professor Judith Evans as new president of Commission C2

The International Institute of Refrigeration (IIR) is proud to announce the appointment of Judith Evans, Professor at London South Bank University, as the new president of IIR Commission C2 on food science and engineering.

• Publication date : 2016/07/12

Press release: The International Institute of Refrigeration produces five Cold Chain Technology Briefs in partnership with UN Environment OzonAction

The IIR commissioned several of its experts in their capacity as presidents of an IIR section, an IIR commission and as an IIR member to produce five Cold Chain Technology Briefs in partnership with UN Environment OzonAction.

• Publication date : 2018/01/25

Press release: The IIR International Dictionary of Refrigeration is now freely accessible online

Available in 11 languages, the complete version of the International Institute of Refrigeration (IIR) International Dictionary of Refrigeration is now freely accessible online.

• Publication date : 2018/02/01

Press release: An impressive 1,000 abstracts received for the 25th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration

First held in 1908, the International Congress of Refrigeration presented by the International Institute of Refrigeration (IIR) is now the world’s leading event for research and industry in the HVACR sector, cryogenics included.

• Publication date : 2018/07/20

Press release: The International Institute of Refrigeration Publishes an Informatory Note on The Impact of the Refrigeration Sector on Climate Change

In line with its corporate objective to promote knowledge of refrigeration and associated technologies and applications on a global scale, the International Institute of Refrigeration (IIR) has published a new Informatory Note on “The Impact of...

• Publication date : 2017/12/04

Press release: The IIR Launches Quiz on The Impact of Refrigeration on the Climate Change

In conjunction with the newly released 35th IIR Informatory Note on The Impact of the Refrigeration Sector on Climate Change, the International Institute of Refrigeration (IIR) has launched a quiz on “Refrigeration and the environment”, which...

• Publication date : 2017/12/14

The IIR supports operational and economic missions in Madagascar

IIR interventions and recommendations will focus on the mission’s aspects which are related to the food cold chain, including offshore fishery and continental aquaculture among others.

• Publication date : 2016/08/10

Cryogenics in the pharmaceutical industry: drug design and bioavailability improvement

Research activities in the pharmaceutical sector focus primarily on developing novel drug formulations which can elicit the desired response upon being administered to the patient...

• Last update : 2023/03/10
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Freeze-drying in biology and medicine, Cryobiology, cryomedicine: general information

Global warming potential (GWP) of HFC refrigerants

Using the latest updated data from UNEP’s RTOC 2022 report, we have compiled the 100-year GWP and 20-year GWP values of hydrofluorocarbon-based (HFC) refrigerants. Our table includes...

• Last update : 2023/09/15
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : HFCs

Global HFC emissions from the refrigeration sector

This table shows HFC emissions from the refrigeration sector – including air conditioning – in million tonnes of CO2 equivalent for about 40 countries that are signatories...

• Last update : 2022/01/20
• Langues : English
• Themes : General information on environment (climate change, ozone depletion…)

Nanorefrigerants

Nanorefrigerants are created by adding nanoparticles in suspension to a base refrigerant. They have a thermal conductivity that is 15% to 104% higher than that of the corresponding...

• Last update : 2022/06/17
• Langues : English, French
• Themes : Nanofluids

Additive manufacturing of regenerators for caloric cooling

In many areas of engineering, additive manufacturing allows the production of complex and multifunctional products that could not be manufactured using traditional methods. In the...

• Last update : 2022/09/16
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Caloric cooling (magnetocaloric, electrocaloric, elastocaloric and barocaloric cooling)

Cold storage conditions for fruits and vegetables

Practical recommendations for the cold storage of over 200 cultivars of fruits, vegetables and herbs (storage temperatures, relative humidity, storage time, controlled atmosphere...

• Last update : 2023/01/16
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Fruit, Vegetables

Environmental impact of the ice cream industry

This summary document describes the environmental impact of ice cream manufacturing, which is mainly due to the energy consumption and refrigerants used.

• Last update : 2022/11/17
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : General information on environment (climate change, ozone depletion…)

Additive manufacturing of heat exchangers

In the refrigeration industry, additive manufacturing (colloquially referred to as “3D printing”) makes it possible to fabricate novel, complex and potentially more energy efficient...

• Last update : 2022/09/07
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Evaporators, condensers and other heat exchangers

Cryogenic nitrogen in the food and beverage industry

The adoption of cryogenic processes in the food and beverage industry is predominantly driven by liquid nitrogen (LIN), and it is the preferred candidate for food chilling and...

• Last update : 2023/06/09
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Freezing of foodstuffs

Hydrocarbon refrigerants

Hydrocarbons such as R290 (propane), R600a (isobutane) or R1270 (propene/propylene) are low GWP non-toxic natural refrigerants with excellent thermodynamic properties. They offer an...

• Last update : 2022/06/22
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Hydrocarbons, Containment, refrigerant charge reduction

Ice cream manufacturing, environmental impact and market data

From a physico-chemical point of view, ice cream is a complex, frozen multiphase mixture. The manufacturing process includes several stages of freezing which are described in this...

• Last update : 2023/06/30
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Ice creams

Liquefied Natural Gas: production process and cold energy recovery

Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is natural gas that has been cooled to about -160 °C and turned into a liquid to facilitate transportation and storage. A typical LNG supply chain...

• Last update : 2023/06/23
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : LNG and LPG

For IIR members only

Global cold storage capacity

This table presents the cold storage capacity in about 50 countries, based on data from the Global Cold Chain Alliance (GCCA).

• Last update : 2021/12/06
• Langues : English
• Themes : Refrigerated storage: economics and statistics

For IIR members only

Heat pump stock in Europe

This table presents the stock of installed heat pumps, the CO2 emissions avoided and the number of jobs in the heat pump sector in Europe.

• Last update : 2021/12/14
• Langues : English
• Themes : Heat pumps, energy recovery: economics and statistics