Search results

Congélation en présence de micro-ondes : application à la viande de porc.

• Author(s) : XANTHAKIS E., LE BAIL A., RAMASWAMY H.
• Publication date: 2014/10
• Languages : French
• Source: Revue générale du Froid & du Conditionnement d'air - vol. 103 - n. 1147/1148

IIR document

Energy optimization of batch freezing tunnel for meat.

• Author(s) : KRISTOFERSSON J., REINHOLDT L., KRAMER K., et al.
• Publication date: 2018/06/18
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Industrial freezer, CFD, Meat, Tunnel, Air flow, Modelling, Testing, Energy efficiency, Freezing
• Source: 13^th IIR Gustav Lorentzen Conference on Natural Refrigerants (GL2018). Proceedings. Valencia, Spain, June 18-20th 2018.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Investigations of the dynamics of meat freezing at various modes of cryotreatment.

• Author(s) : SHINBAYEVA A., ALDIYAROV A., ARKHAROV I., et al.
• Publication date: 2015/08/16
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Measurement, Liquid nitrogen, Meat, Cryogenics, Freezing
• Source: Proceedings of the 24th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration: Yokohama, Japan, August 16-22, 2015.
• Formats : PDF

Comparison of implementing HACCP systems of exporter Mexican and Chinese meat enterprises.

• Author(s) : MALDONADO-SIMAN E., BAI L., RAMIREZ-VALVERDE R., et al.
• Publication date: 2014/04
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Food industry, Comparison, China, Mexico, Meat, Installation (implementation), HACCP
• Source: Food Control The International Journal of HACCP and Food Safety - vol. 38

IIR document

Evaluation of microwave assisted freezing (MAF) impact on meat and fish matrices.

• Author(s) : XANTHAKIS E., HUEN J., ELIASSON L., et al.
• Publication date: 2018/04/06
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Structure, Microwave, Meat, Temperature, Fish, Expérimentation, Crystallization, Freezing
• Source: 5^th IIR International Conference on Sustainability and the Cold Chain. Proceedings: Beijing, Chine, 6-8 avril 2018
• Formats : PDF

Predicting the Oxidative Degradation of Raw Beef Meat during Cold Storage Using Numerical Simulations and Sensors—Prospects for Meat and Fish Foods.

• Author(s) : KONDJOYAN A., SICARD J., CUCCI P., AUDONNET F., ELHAYEL H., LEBERT A., SCISLOWSKI V.
• Publication date: 2022/04
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Meat, Beef, Modelling, Simulation, Sensor, Organoleptic property, Colour, Temperature, Oxidation, Cold storage
• Source: Foods - vol. 11 - n. 8
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Effects of different thawing methods on quality of unfrozen meats.

• Author(s) : GAN S., ZHANG M., MUJUMDAR A. S., JIANG Q.
• Publication date: 2022/02
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Frozen food, Meat, Thawing, Expérimentation, Microwave, Ultrasound, Infrared, Pork, Beef, Mutton, Organoleptic property
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 134
• Formats : PDF

Recommended by the IIR

MAP packaging with essential oils vapours increases the quality and shelf life of refrigerated breaded meat products.

• Author(s) : ROS-CHUMILLAS M., ANTOLINOS V., SANCHEZ-MARTINEZ M. J., NAVARRO SEGURA L., BUENDIA-MORENO L., MARTÍNEZ HERNÁNDEZ G. B., ESNOZ A., IGUAZ-GAINZA A., LÓPEZ GÓMEZ A.
• Publication date: 2020/11/11
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Meat, Poultry, Chicken, Preservation, Microbiological quality, Essential oil, Expérimentation, Modified atmosphere, Chilling, Packaging
• Source: X Congreso Ibérico y VIII Congreso Iberoamericano de Ciencias y Técnicas del Frío, CYTEF 2020.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Research progress of freezing processes and devices for fresh meat products.

• Author(s) : CHENG W., GAO Q., SUN Y., LI X., CHEN X., CHONG Z.
• Publication date: 2024/05
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Freezing, Cold chain, Meat product, Crystallization, Liquid nitrogen, Ultrasound, Review
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 161
• Formats : PDF

Recommended by the IIR

Crystallization behavior and quality of frozen meat.

• Author(s) : DANG D. S., BASTARRACHEA L. J., MARTINI S., MATARNEH S. K.
• Publication date: 2021/11
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Frozen food, Meat, Crystallization, Organoleptic property, Tenderness, Water holding, Colour, Flavour, Freezing-thawing, Heat transfer, Energy balance, Review
• Source: Foods - vol. 10 - n. 11
• Formats : PDF

Myofibrillar Protein Interacting with Trehalose Elevated the Quality of Frozen Meat.

• Author(s) : XU S., LI P., HAN F., ZHOU H., ZHOU K., WANG Y., CAI K., LI C., XU B.
• Publication date: 2022/04
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Protein, Meat, Frozen food, Freezing-thawing, Physico-chemical property, Expérimentation, Pork, Sensory analysis, Organoleptic property
• Source: Foods - vol. 11 - n. 7
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Effects of temperature fluctuations on the meat quality and muscle microstructure of frozen beef.

• Author(s) : WANG Y., LIANG H., XU R., SONG X., LIU B.
• Publication date: 2020/08
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Meat, Beef, Freezing, Temperature, Fluctuation, Quality, Porosity, Expérimentation
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 116
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Study of freezing process and short-term storage of meat using electroconvection.

• Author(s) : BABAKIN B. S., VORONIN M. I., BELOZEROV G. A., et al.
• Publication date: 2019/08/24
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Heat transfer coefficient, Meat, Temperature, Autolysis, Expérimentation, Cold storage, Freezing, Electric field
• Source: Proceedings of the 25^th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration: Montréal , Canada, August 24-30, 2019.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Effects of microwave-assisted freezing on the quality attributes of lamb meat.

• Author(s) : HAMZEH ATANI S., HAMDAMI N., DALVI-ISFAHAN M., SOLTANIZADEH N., FALLAH-JOSHAQANI S.
• Publication date: 2022/11
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Microwave, Freezing, Lamb, Meat, Structure, Organoleptic property, Drip, Loss, Texture, Colour, Thawing, Crystal, Ice, Expérimentation
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 143
• Formats : PDF

Scientific opinion on the public health risks related to the maintenance of the cold chain during storage and transport of meat. 1. Meat of domestic ungulates.

• Publication date: 2014/06/12
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Salmonella, Cold chain, Listeria, Meat, Transport, Surface temperature, Time-temperature tolerance, Chilling, Yersinia, Health, Escherichia, Cold storage

Differentiated chilling for meat

A new intelligent-pad-chilling method for meat carcasses developed by DMRI Consult for the Danish Meat Research Institute, is claimed to be able to reduce meat weight loss by 90% and reduce energy costs by approximately 50%. Each carcass is...

• Publication date : 2008/02/12

Briefs: First zipper for meat in Europe

SPIS Grilstad is using re-sealable Zip-Pak packaging for its deli meat products and its market share has risen from 18% to 75%. Zip-pak's re-sealable devices have already been used in the US but are new to Europe. A recent study performed a...

• Publication date : 2008/08/12

LED lighting extends the colour shelf life of meat

Researchers from Kansas State University, USA, claim they have proved that the use of LED lights in refrigerated display cabinets can improve the shelf life of fresh meat.

• Publication date : 2012/05/09

Briefs: Dehumidification and cooling system cuts energy consumption by 43% in meat processing plant

Cooling and dehumidification costs in a meat plant in Germany have been reduced by a system using hot and cold water from other processes. According to DuCool, TönniesFleisch plant in Rheda-Wiedenbrück is saving annually 165 000 € in electricity...

• Publication date : 2009/08/13

New antimicrobial edible coatings can extend the shelf-life of fresh meat by up to 50%

According to research from Spain, new antimicrobial edible coatings can extend the shelf-life of fresh meat by up to 50% . The films, made from essential oils including oregano, clove and rosemary, were applied to the surface of the meat “as a...

• Publication date : 2011/06/28

Temperature control and sustainability, the challenges of 3D meat printing

Temperature control is a key factor that still limits the application of 3D printing in the meat industry, according to recent scientific publications. 

• Publication date : 2023/01/26
• Subjects: Technology

EFSA publishes scientific opinion on meat cold storage and transportation temperature temperatures

According to the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), “meat can be transported at temperatures higher than the current maximum of 7°C.”

• Publication date : 2014/04/17

Air conditioning has cut premature deaths on hot days in US by 80% since 1960

A new study by researchers from Carnegie Mellon University, University of California and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology has concluded that air conditioning played a key role in the reduction of the mortality risk associated with high...

• Publication date : 2013/06/17

Out of ordinary: Cryopreservation after death

Cryopreservation after death is catching on, at a price. Cryonics, defined as "the practice of freezing the body of a person who has just died in order to preserve it for possible resuscitation in the future, as when a cure for the disease that...

• Publication date : 2007/02/12

Siberian nematode worms kept in permafrost for 42,000 years come back to life

A team of Russian researchers revived two nematodes buried in Siberian permafrost for 32,000 and 42,000 years.

• Publication date : 2018/09/20

A mathematical study presents a general derivation and a quantifcation of the third law of thermodynamics

Two physicists from University College London have provided a derivation of the "unattainability principle", which states that any process cannot reach absolute zero temperature in a finite number of steps.

• Publication date : 2017/03/30

Frozen “to death” and… “resuscitated”!

Justin Smith was found “dead frozen” by his father Don in Pennsylvania. After 12 hours spent in the snow at -20°C, Justin was first declared dead. The secret that saved Smith lies in the way the body slows down as it gets colder.

• Publication date : 2016/06/21

The food industry in Europe

The processed meat market in Western Europe is worth EUR 117.3 billion, some 10.6 % of the overall food and drink market of EUR 1111 billion.

• Publication date : 2016/01/21
• Subjects: Figures, economy

A low charge direct expansion evaporator system configured to use less ammonia

A US-based meat processor operates a cold storage facility that uses just 1 kg approx ammonia per kW.

• Publication date : 2018/05/17

Updates on the Chinese cold chain

Currently, each year China produces over 56 million tons of meat, 8.5 million tons of frozen foods, and over 10 million tons of beverages, and 8 million tons of dairy products and 41.2 million tons of seafood.

• Publication date : 2012/05/22
• Subjects: Figures, economy

Supercooling and superchilling: A solution to increased shelf life and reduced food waste?

If these technologies were combined with perfusion chilling for meat and fish, then additional benefits such as rapid cooling, low weight loss and novel products could result.

• Publication date : 2015/10/27

Corporate Members: news

- Danfoss has experienced booming sales 18% growth over the first three quarters of 2007. Sales reached 2.2 billion €. Growth in China and Latin America was particularly positive and end of year sales are expected to top 3 billion €.

• Publication date : 2008/02/12

Check out the latest news from FRISBEE!

In this issue two hot topics: the test carried out to increase refrigerator performance and field test monitoring of the food cold chain in European markets.

• Publication date : 2014/03/10

Press release: The International Institute of Refrigeration appoints Professor Judith Evans as new president of Commission C2

The International Institute of Refrigeration (IIR) is proud to announce the appointment of Judith Evans, Professor at London South Bank University, as the new president of IIR Commission C2 on food science and engineering.

• Publication date : 2016/07/12

New president of IIR Commission C2 on food science and engineering

The IIR is proud to announce the appointment of Judith Evans, Professor at London South Bank University, as the new president of IIR Commission C2 on food science and engineering.

• Publication date : 2016/07/06

World Bank project in Bangladesh

The IIR has just signed an agreement with the World Bank to develop a cold chain, as sustainable as possible of course, in Bangladesh, in partnership with British and Bangladeshi universities. 

• Publication date : 2021/03/29
• Subjects: Developing country

Corporate members: news

- During the IIAR's 2008 Ammonia Refrigeration and Conference, the first fundraising event, a golf tournament, was held in order to launch Ammonia Refrigeration Foundation actions. The recently formed foundation will promote charitable,...

• Publication date : 2008/05/13

IIR member news: Linde

Linde uses cryogenic freezing to improve cuts.

• Publication date : 2014/10/21

News from IIR members: Linde

Linde has launched CRYOLINE XF, a new cryogenic spiral freezer, which uses advanced cross-flow technology to reduce freezing time and improve cryogen efficiency, while reducing overall freezer size.

• Publication date : 2012/05/11

ENOUGH – a new project that will identify how food industry can become net zero by 2050

The project will develop technologies, tools and methods to contribute to the EU’s farm to fork Strategy to achieve climate neutrality in the food industry.

• Publication date : 2021/10/29

Sign-up to workshop at ICCC 2022: Clean and efficient refrigeration solutions for food and healthcare

Join the free online workshop on April 13 which will present the ongoing projects in developing countries that will help promote the adoption of climate-friendly refrigeration technologies.

• Publication date : 2022/03/07
• Subjects: Developing country, Environment

News from IIR members: Star Refrigeration

Star Refrigeration has installed a highly efficient Azanechiller at a Scottish meat processing facility. The central pumped glycol system has a total cooling capacity of 365kW and includes pumps with variable speed drives, six ceiling...

• Publication date : 2011/08/04

Policy brief available to download: Developing the cold chain in the agrifood sector in sub-Saharan Africa

A focus on the importance of the cold chain in reducing post-harvest losses

• Publication date : 2016/02/17

Obituary: Liudmila Akimova

The IIR mourns the death of Mrs Liudmila Akimova.

• Publication date : 2023/01/26

Participation of the IIR in the 31st Meeting of the Parties (MOP 31)

The 31st Meeting of the Parties (MOP 31) took place on November 4-8, 2019 in Italy at FAO headquarters. The Rome declaration on the reduction of food losses was signed.

• Publication date : 2019/11/29
• Subjects: General information, Regulation, Environment

Additive manufacturing of heat exchangers

In the refrigeration industry, additive manufacturing (colloquially referred to as “3D printing”) makes it possible to fabricate novel, complex and potentially more energy efficient...

• Last update : 2022/09/07
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Evaporators, condensers and other heat exchangers

For IIR members only

Heat pump stock in Europe

This table presents the stock of installed heat pumps, the CO2 emissions avoided and the number of jobs in the heat pump sector in Europe.

• Last update : 2021/12/14
• Langues : English
• Themes : Heat pumps, energy recovery: economics and statistics

Cryogenic nitrogen in the food and beverage industry

The adoption of cryogenic processes in the food and beverage industry is predominantly driven by liquid nitrogen (LIN), and it is the preferred candidate for food chilling and...

• Last update : 2023/11/07
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Freezing of foodstuffs

Environmental impact of the ice cream industry

This summary document describes the environmental impact of ice cream manufacturing, which is mainly due to the energy consumption and refrigerants used.

• Last update : 2022/11/17
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : General information on environment (climate change, ozone depletion…)

Kigali Amendment status per country

List of the 163 countries that have accepted, approved or ratified the Kigali Amendment as of November 15, 2024.

• Last update : 2024/11/15
• Langues : English
• Themes : Regulations and standardization (Montreal and Kyoto Protocols…)

Ice cream manufacturing, environmental impact and market data

From a physico-chemical point of view, ice cream is a complex, frozen multiphase mixture. The manufacturing process includes several stages of freezing which are described in this...

• Last update : 2023/06/30
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Ice creams

Cryogenics in the pharmaceutical industry: drug design and bioavailability improvement

Research activities in the pharmaceutical sector focus primarily on developing novel drug formulations which can elicit the desired response upon being administered to the patient...

• Last update : 2023/03/10
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Freeze-drying in biology and medicine, Cryobiology, cryomedicine: general information

Global warming potential (GWP) of HFC refrigerants

Using the latest updated data from UNEP’s RTOC 2022 report, we have compiled the 100-year GWP and 20-year GWP values of hydrofluorocarbon-based (HFC) refrigerants. Our table includes...

• Last update : 2023/09/15
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : HFCs

Hydrocarbon refrigerants

Hydrocarbons such as R290 (propane), R600a (isobutane) or R1270 (propene/propylene) are low GWP non-toxic natural refrigerants with excellent thermodynamic properties. They offer an...

• Last update : 2022/06/22
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Hydrocarbons, Containment, refrigerant charge reduction

Global HFC emissions from the refrigeration sector

This table shows HFC emissions from the refrigeration sector – including air conditioning – in million tonnes of CO2 equivalent for about 40 countries that are signatories...

• Last update : 2022/01/20
• Langues : English
• Themes : General information on environment (climate change, ozone depletion…)

Nanorefrigerants

Nanorefrigerants are created by adding nanoparticles in suspension to a base refrigerant. They have a thermal conductivity that is 15% to 104% higher than that of the corresponding...

• Last update : 2022/06/17
• Langues : English, French
• Themes : Nanofluids

Additive manufacturing of regenerators for caloric cooling

In many areas of engineering, additive manufacturing allows the production of complex and multifunctional products that could not be manufactured using traditional methods. In the...

• Last update : 2022/09/16
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Caloric cooling (magnetocaloric, electrocaloric, elastocaloric and barocaloric cooling)

Thermophysical properties of HFC refrigerants

Thermophysical properties of over 100 HFC refrigerants, including single-component and blends.

• Last update : 2022/06/17
• Langues : English
• Themes : HFCs, Blends, HFO et HCFO

Cold storage conditions for fruits and vegetables

Practical recommendations for the cold storage of over 200 cultivars of fruits, vegetables and herbs (storage temperatures, relative humidity, storage time, controlled atmosphere...

• Last update : 2023/01/16
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Fruit, Vegetables

Thermophysical properties of HFO refrigerants

Thermophysical properties of over 50 HFO refrigerants, including single-component and blends.

• Last update : 2022/06/17
• Langues : English
• Themes : Blends, HFO et HCFO