Main menu
Search results
Search in FRIDOC
1011 results
IIR document
Energy optimization of batch freezing tunnel for meat.
Relating microstructure evolving to quality changes in pork meat at different superchilling conditions.
Evaluation of microwave assisted freezing (MAF) impact on meat and fish matrices.
Predicting the Oxidative Degradation of Raw Beef Meat during Cold Storage Using Numerical Simulations and Sensors—Prospects for Meat and Fish Foods.
Effects of different thawing methods on quality of unfrozen meats.
Recommended by the IIR
MAP packaging with essential oils vapours increases the quality and shelf life of refrigerated breaded meat products.
Research progress of freezing processes and devices for fresh meat products.
Crystallization behavior and quality of frozen meat.
Myofibrillar Protein Interacting with Trehalose Elevated the Quality of Frozen Meat.
Effects of temperature fluctuations on the meat quality and muscle microstructure of frozen beef.
Study of freezing process and short-term storage of meat using electroconvection.
Effects of microwave-assisted freezing on the quality attributes of lamb meat.
Characterization of dry-aged meat flavor precursors and liberation mechanism through a metabolomics approach.
The Investigation of Protein Profile and Meat Quality in Bovine Longissimus thoracic Frozen under Different Temperatures by Data-Independent Acquisition (DIA) Strategy.
El envasado ultralimpio y la descontaminación con nanoemulsión de orégano alarga la vida útil de la carne picada almacenada a 4°C.
Ultraclean packaging and surface decontamination with oregano essential oil nanoemulsion increases the shelf-life of minced meat stored at 4°C.
Refrigeration sector monitoring
1938 results
Differentiated chilling for meat
A new intelligent-pad-chilling method for meat carcasses developed by DMRI Consult for the Danish Meat Research Institute, is claimed to be able to reduce meat weight loss by 90% and reduce energy costs by approximately 50%. Each carcass is...
Briefs: First zipper for meat in Europe
SPIS Grilstad is using re-sealable Zip-Pak packaging for its deli meat products and its market share has risen from 18% to 75%. Zip-pak's re-sealable devices have already been used in the US but are new to Europe. A recent study performed a...
LED lighting extends the colour shelf life of meat
Researchers from Kansas State University, USA, claim they have proved that the use of LED lights in refrigerated display cabinets can improve the shelf life of fresh meat.
Briefs: Dehumidification and cooling system cuts energy consumption by 43% in meat processing plant
Cooling and dehumidification costs in a meat plant in Germany have been reduced by a system using hot and cold water from other processes. According to DuCool, TönniesFleisch plant in Rheda-Wiedenbrück is saving annually 165 000 € in electricity...
New antimicrobial edible coatings can extend the shelf-life of fresh meat by up to 50%
According to research from Spain, new antimicrobial edible coatings can extend the shelf-life of fresh meat by up to 50% . The films, made from essential oils including oregano, clove and rosemary, were applied to the surface of the meat “as a...
Temperature control and sustainability, the challenges of 3D meat printing
Temperature control is a key factor that still limits the application of 3D printing in the meat industry, according to recent scientific publications.
EFSA publishes scientific opinion on meat cold storage and transportation temperature temperatures
According to the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), “meat can be transported at temperatures higher than the current maximum of 7°C.”
Air conditioning has cut premature deaths on hot days in US by 80% since 1960
A new study by researchers from Carnegie Mellon University, University of California and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology has concluded that air conditioning played a key role in the reduction of the mortality risk associated with high...
Out of ordinary: Cryopreservation after death
Cryopreservation after death is catching on, at a price. Cryonics, defined as "the practice of freezing the body of a person who has just died in order to preserve it for possible resuscitation in the future, as when a cure for the disease that...
Siberian nematode worms kept in permafrost for 42,000 years come back to life
A team of Russian researchers revived two nematodes buried in Siberian permafrost for 32,000 and 42,000 years.
A mathematical study presents a general derivation and a quantifcation of the third law of thermodynamics
Two physicists from University College London have provided a derivation of the "unattainability principle", which states that any process cannot reach absolute zero temperature in a finite number of steps.
Frozen “to death” and… “resuscitated”!
Justin Smith was found “dead frozen” by his father Don in Pennsylvania. After 12 hours spent in the snow at -20°C, Justin was first declared dead. The secret that saved Smith lies in the way the body slows down as it gets colder.
Europe 2025 heatwaves: demand for AC surges as heat-related deaths triple
Recent analyses from the World Meteorological Organization, the World Resources Institute and the Imperial College London take stock of this summer’s heatwaves in Europe.
With increased access, sustainable cooling can prevent up to 80% of heat-related deaths
Amidst rising temperatures due to climate change, adaptation through sustainable air conditioning reduced the burden of heat related mortality among the most vulnerable age groups...
The food industry in Europe
The processed meat market in Western Europe is worth EUR 117.3 billion, some 10.6 % of the overall food and drink market of EUR 1111 billion.
IIR news
494 results
Dr. Yunho Hwang and team earn 3rd place in Vicinity Energy-MEIA Ideation Program for heat pump innovation
Former president of IIR Commission B1, and research professor at the University of Maryland Center for Environmental Energy...
Supercooling and superchilling: A solution to increased shelf life and reduced food waste?
If these technologies were combined with perfusion chilling for meat and fish, then additional benefits such as rapid cooling, low weight loss and novel products could result.
Corporate Members: news
- Danfoss has experienced booming sales 18% growth over the first three quarters of 2007. Sales reached 2.2 billion €. Growth in China and Latin America was particularly positive and end of year sales are expected to top 3 billion €.
Check out the latest news from FRISBEE!
In this issue two hot topics: the test carried out to increase refrigerator performance and field test monitoring of the food cold chain in European markets.
Press release: The International Institute of Refrigeration appoints Professor Judith Evans as new president of Commission C2
The International Institute of Refrigeration (IIR) is proud to announce the appointment of Judith Evans, Professor at London South Bank University, as the new president of IIR Commission C2 on food science and engineering.
New president of IIR Commission C2 on food science and engineering
The IIR is proud to announce the appointment of Judith Evans, Professor at London South Bank University, as the new president of IIR Commission C2 on food science and engineering.
World Science Day: IIR reaffirms the role of refrigeration for sustainable development
This 10 November 2025, IIR joins in the celebration of World Science Day, aligning with this year’s theme of “the science we need for 2050” by highlighting the importance of refrigeration for economic...
World Bank project in Bangladesh
The IIR has just signed an agreement with the World Bank to develop a cold chain, as sustainable as possible of course, in Bangladesh, in partnership with British and Bangladeshi universities.
Corporate members: news
- During the IIAR's 2008 Ammonia Refrigeration and Conference, the first fundraising event, a golf tournament, was held in order to launch Ammonia Refrigeration Foundation actions. The recently formed foundation will promote charitable,...
IIR member news: Linde
Linde uses cryogenic freezing to improve cuts.
News from IIR members: Linde
Linde has launched CRYOLINE XF, a new cryogenic spiral freezer, which uses advanced cross-flow technology to reduce freezing time and improve cryogen efficiency, while reducing overall freezer size.
ENOUGH – a new project that will identify how food industry can become net zero by 2050
The project will develop technologies, tools and methods to contribute to the EU’s farm to fork Strategy to achieve climate neutrality in the food industry.
Sign-up to workshop at ICCC 2022: Clean and efficient refrigeration solutions for food and healthcare
Join the free online workshop on April 13 which will present the ongoing projects in developing countries that will help promote the adoption of climate-friendly refrigeration technologies.
News from IIR members: Star Refrigeration
Star Refrigeration has installed a highly efficient Azanechiller at a Scottish meat processing facility. The central pumped glycol system has a total cooling capacity of 365kW and includes pumps with variable speed drives, six ceiling...
Policy brief available to download: Developing the cold chain in the agrifood sector in sub-Saharan Africa
A focus on the importance of the cold chain in reducing post-harvest losses
Encyclopedia of Refrigeration
17 results
Additive manufacturing of heat exchangers
In the refrigeration industry, additive manufacturing (colloquially referred to as “3D printing”) makes it possible to fabricate novel, complex and potentially more energy efficient...
For IIR members only
Heat pump stock in Europe
This table presents the stock of installed heat pumps, the CO2 emissions avoided and the number of jobs in the heat pump sector in Europe.
Environmental impact of the ice cream industry
This summary document describes the environmental impact of ice cream manufacturing, which is mainly due to the energy consumption and refrigerants used.
Kigali Amendment status per country
List of the 163 countries that have accepted, approved or ratified the Kigali Amendment as of November 15, 2024.
Ice cream manufacturing, environmental impact and market data
From a physico-chemical point of view, ice cream is a complex, frozen multiphase mixture. The manufacturing process includes several stages of freezing which are described in this...
Cryogenics in the pharmaceutical industry: drug design and bioavailability improvement
Research activities in the pharmaceutical sector focus primarily on developing novel drug formulations which can elicit the desired response upon being administered to the patient...
Cryogenic nitrogen in the food and beverage industry
The adoption of cryogenic processes in the food and beverage industry is predominantly driven by liquid nitrogen (LIN), and it is the preferred candidate for food chilling and...
Global warming potential (GWP) of HFC refrigerants
Using the latest updated data from UNEP’s RTOC 2022 report, we have compiled the 100-year GWP and 20-year GWP values of hydrofluorocarbon-based (HFC) refrigerants. Our table includes...
Hydrocarbon refrigerants
Hydrocarbons such as R290 (propane), R600a (isobutane) or R1270 (propene/propylene) are low GWP non-toxic natural refrigerants with excellent thermodynamic properties. They offer an...
Global HFC emissions from the refrigeration sector
This table shows HFC emissions from the refrigeration sector – including air conditioning – in million tonnes of CO2 equivalent for about 40 countries that are signatories...
Nanorefrigerants
Nanorefrigerants are created by adding nanoparticles in suspension to a base refrigerant. They have a thermal conductivity that is 15% to 104% higher than that of the corresponding...
Additive manufacturing of regenerators for caloric cooling
In many areas of engineering, additive manufacturing allows the production of complex and multifunctional products that could not be manufactured using traditional methods. In the...
Thermophysical properties of HFC refrigerants
Thermophysical properties of over 100 HFC refrigerants, including single-component and blends.
Cold storage conditions for fruits and vegetables
Practical recommendations for the cold storage of over 200 cultivars of fruits, vegetables and herbs (storage temperatures, relative humidity, storage time, controlled atmosphere...
Thermophysical properties of HFO refrigerants
Thermophysical properties of over 50 HFO refrigerants, including single-component and blends.
Events
11 results
IIR event
11th IIR Conference on Solid-State Cooling, Heating and Energy Harvesting
June 07, 2026 - June 11, 2026
Ljubljana, Slovenia
Submit your full paper now! The 11th IIR Conference on Solid-State Cooling, Heating and Energy Harvesting (Thermag 2026), to be...
Find out more
Other event
15th IEA Heat Pump Conference
May 26, 2026 - May 29, 2026
Vienna, Austria
Join the 15th IEA Heat Pump Conference, which will take place in Vienna, Austria,from May 26-29, 2026! The 15th IEA Heat Pump Conference, co-sponsored by IIR,...
Sponsored event
2026 China International Heat Pump Conference
October 13, 2026 - October 17, 2026
Shanghai, China
Following the resounding success of the 2nd China Heat Pump Conference (CHPC 2024) in Shenzhen, which gathered over 850 experts and delegates from 33 countries & regions, the upcoming 3rd CHPC in 2026 is poised to further expand its global...
15th IIR Conference on Phase-Change Materials and Slurries for Refrigeration and Air Conditioning
September 16, 2026 - September 18, 2026
Xi'an, China
Currently accepting full papers! The 15th IIR Conference on Phase-Change Materials and Slurries for...
9th International High Performance Buildings Conference at Purdue
July 12, 2026 - July 16, 2026
West Lafayette, IN, United States
A conference co-sponsored by the IIR Since 1972, Herrick Labs has hosted the premier international conferences on Compressor Engineering, Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning, and...
21st International Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Conference at Purdue
27th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration
August 21, 2027 - August 27, 2027
Seoul, Republic of Korea
Save the date! The International Congress of Refrigeration (ICR) is a leading global event in the field of refrigeration, organised by the International Institute of Refrigeration...
17th IIR-Gustav Lorentzen Conference on Natural Refrigerants (GL 2026)
August 23, 2026 - August 26, 2026
Hamilton, New Zealand
Submit your abstract! With the increasing need for global warming countermeasures, natural working fluids have become a clear vector to reducing the CO2 footprint of...
15th International Conference on Compressors and their Systems
September 13, 2027 - September 15, 2027
London, United Kingdom
On September 13-15, 2027, the 15th International Conference on Compressors and their Systems of City University of London will provide a forum for debate on developments in air, gas and refrigeration...
Data Centers at a Crossroads: Energy, Cooling, and Policy Challenges
May 12, 2026
Register...
28th International Compressor Engineering Conference at Purdue
