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Recommended by the IIR / IIR document

Fault analysis in a domestic refrigerator: Fan fault, condenser fouling, and area restriction.

• Author(s) : PARDO-CELY D., BELMAN-FLORES J. M., HEREDIA-ARICAPA Y., RODRIGUEZ-VALDERRAMA D. A., MORALES-FUENTES A., GALLEGOS-MUÑOZ A.
• Publication date: 2023/10
• Languages : English
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 154
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Simulator failures of refrigeration systems: innovative teaching tool.

• Author(s) : BOUZRARA A., KAIRAOUANI L., NEHDI E.
• Publication date: 2015/08/16
• Languages : English
• Source: Proceedings of the 24th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration: Yokohama, Japan, August 16-22, 2015.
• Formats : PDF

Simulateur de pannes dans les montages à contacteurs couplés aux appareils de régulation d'une installation frigorifique.

Failure simulator in fittings where contactors are paired with control devices in a refrigerating plant.

• Author(s) : BOUZRARA A., NEHDI E.
• Publication date: 2016/03/24
• Languages : French
• Source: 1st International Refrigeration, Energy and Environment Colloquium. Proceedings: Hammamet, Tunisia, March 24-27, 2016.
• Formats : PDF

Fault diagnosis for centrifugal refrigeration system based on probabilistic neural network.

[In Chinese. / En chinois.]

• Author(s) : LIANG Q., HAN H., CUI X.
• Publication date: 2015/11
• Languages : Chinese
• Source: HV & AC - vol. 45 - n. 311
• Formats : PDF

Preventing scroll compressor failures. 1.

• Author(s) : THOLPADY C.
• Publication date: 2015/01
• Languages : English
• Source: Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Journal - vol. 3 - n. 1
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Fault detection and diagnosis of a refrigeration system using probabilistic neural network.

• Author(s) : LIANG Q., HAN H., CUI X., et al.
• Publication date: 2015/08/16
• Languages : English
• Source: Proceedings of the 24th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration: Yokohama, Japan, August 16-22, 2015.
• Formats : PDF

Case study of fault detection and diagnosis of a household air conditioner with a dynamic refrigeration cycle simulator.

• Author(s) : SEO J. A., LIM T. H., SHIN Y., et al.
• Publication date: 2016/02/05
• Languages : English
• Source: Applied Thermal Engineering - vol. 94

Health management system for compressors in hydrogen refueling stations based on non-destructive fault diagnosis method.

• Author(s) : LI X., PENG X., CHEN D., JIA X.
• Publication date: 2022/07/15
• Languages : English
• Source: 2022 Purdue Conferences. 26^th International Compressor Engineering Conference at Purdue.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Fault diagnosis of VRF air-conditioning system based on improved Gaussian mixture model with PCA approach.

• Author(s) : GUO Y., CHEN H.
• Publication date: 2020/10
• Languages : English
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 118
• Formats : PDF

Simulating and comparing maintenance strategies for rooftop units with multiple faults.

• Author(s) : HJORTLAND A. L., BRAUN J. E.
• Publication date: 2018/07/09
• Languages : English
• Source: 2018 Purdue Conferences. 17^th International Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning Conference at Purdue.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Study on the support vector data description (SVDD)-based chiller sensor fault detection efficiencies.

• Author(s) : LI G., HU Y., CHEN H., et al.
• Publication date: 2015/08/16
• Languages : English
• Source: Proceedings of the 24th IIR International Congress of Refrigeration: Yokohama, Japan, August 16-22, 2015.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

Analytical review of studies on assessing the layout impact and kinematic design of microcryocooler on its lifetime and MTTF.

• Author(s) : SHISHOVA N., ARKHAROV I., NAVASARDYAN E., CHEKHOVICH V., TOKAREV S.
• Publication date: 2023/04/25
• Languages : English
• Source: Proceedings of the 17^th IIR International Conference on Cryogenics, Dresden, Germany, april 25-28 2023
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

An enhanced fault detection method for centrifugal chillers using kernel density estimation based kernel entropy component analysis.

• Author(s) : XIA Y., DING Q., JING N., TANG Y., JIANG A., SHU J.
• Publication date: 2021/09
• Languages : English
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 129
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

An inverse fault detection and diagnosis (IFDD) strategy for practical application on chiller product.

• Author(s) : LU H., CUI X., HAN H., LIU J., ZHANG Y.
• Publication date: 2022/02
• Languages : English
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 134
• Formats : PDF

Experimentální vzduchotechniká jednotka pro vývoj a testování virtuálních senzoru a diagnostických metod.

Experimental air-conditioning unit for the development and testing of virtual sensors and diagnostic methods.

• Author(s) : HANUŠ O., HORYNA V., ADAMOVSKY D.
• Publication date: 2016/04
• Languages : Czech
• Source: Vytápení Vetrání Instalace - vol. 25 - n. 2
• Formats : PDF

Vacuum Insulation Panels: a promising solution for domestic refrigerators

Thanks to their low thermal conductivity, Vacuum Insulation Panels (VIPs) make it possible to greatly reduce the energy consumption of domestic refrigerators. However, their adoption comes up against problems of...

• Publication date : 2020/05/27

Must read in IJR: a comprehensive review on fault detection in HVAC systems

The latest research and developments in the fault detection and diagnostics of HVAC systems are presented in several articles recently published in the IJR.

• Publication date : 2023/02/13
• Subjects: Technology

Solar panels on car’s roof to power the air conditioning system

Audi recently signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with the US solar cells specialist Alta. They plan to work together to integrate photovoltaic cells into the panoramic glass roofs of Audi models.

• Publication date : 2018/01/21

Solar panels and a "water battery" to provide chilled water for air conditioners in an Australian university

The University of the Sunshine Coast, in Australia, has announced plans to install a giant "water battery" run by 5,800 solar panels to provide chilled water for air conditioning.

• Publication date : 2018/07/09

A solar-plus-ice-battery-storage system at Palm Springs Cultural Center

Ice Energy and Horizon Solar Power have completed the installation of a solar-plus-ice-battery-storage system at Palm Springs Cultural Center in California.

• Publication date : 2017/04/18

HFCs: to be banned soon?

Consult the following articles: - The large contribution of projected HFC emissions to future climate forcing, by Guus J. M. Velders, David W. Fahey, John S. Daniel, Mack McFarland and Stephen O. Andersen; PNAS:

• Publication date : 2009/07/08

Reducing food waste: can we keep open canned sardines in the refrigerator?

Researchers from the University of Porto studied the shelf life at 4°C of open canned sardines, depending on the type of seasoning (sardines in brine, vegetable oil, tomato...

• Publication date : 2022/08/16
• Subjects: General information

Briefs: Reducing the TEWI by reducing channel size

The TEWI (Total Equivalent Warming Impact) makes it possible to measure the total impact of a system on global warming. The direct effect is produced by refrigerant loss. The indirect effect is produced by the CO2 released when producing the...

• Publication date : 2007/02/12

Channel Tunnel's new refrigeration system achieves energy savings of over 30%

R1233zd(E) proves its efficiency in Europe's largest cooling system.

• Publication date : 2018/08/08

HFOs chosen for the renovation of the Channel Tunnel refrigeration system.

The ban of the servicing of R22 equipment led tunnel operators Eurotunnel to consider refrigerants compliant with European HFC phase-down agreements.

• Publication date : 2017/02/14
• Subjects: HFCs alternatives

US: R134a, R410A and R407C could be banned in chillers from 2025

AHRI and NRDC issue joint letter supporting EPA SNAP proposal to prohibit R134a, R410A and R407C in new chillers from 2025.

• Publication date : 2016/04/06
• Subjects: HFCs alternatives

HVAC equipment sales in Brazil: brief outlook for 2013

Sales growth in the air-conditioning, refrigeration, ventilation and solar heating (refrigeration market) segments is being driven by the Brazilians’ increased purchasing power, expansion and modernization of factories and commercial spaces.

• Publication date : 2014/01/13
• Subjects: Figures, economy

R1234yf could be used in 3 million cars by the end of the year

DuPont expects refrigerant HFO1234yf will be used in the air-conditioning systems of nearly 3-million vehicles worldwide by the end of this year.

• Publication date : 2014/07/10

Faults and energy consumption of CO2 refrigeration systems in supermarkets

Food products refrigeration accounts for the largest share of energy consumption in supermarkets. In a recent study, the most common faults in supermarket CO2 refrigeration systems were investigated,...

• Publication date : 2021/06/29
• Subjects: Figures, economy, Technology

Impact of failures on the performance of refrigeration systems 

An Australian study assesses the impact of failures of different refrigeration systems on their performance. Various air conditioning systems, refrigerated display cabinets and walk-in cold rooms were put to the...

• Publication date : 2022/12/12

The year 2016: a new year full of opportunity

The year 2016 will be particularly important due to increasing international discussions on the production and consumption of hydrofluorocarbons with high global warming potential.

• Publication date : 2016/01/06

Check out the upcoming cutting edge IIR events for 2016

IIR conference activities in 2016 show a promising choice of events.

• Publication date : 2015/12/16

A roundup of the top IIR headlines in 2016

Check out the major events that took the spotlight at the International Institute of Refrigeration during 2016.

• Publication date : 2016/12/26

IIR Congress 2019: The refrigeration event of the year

Taking place on August 24-30, 2019 in Montreal (Canada), birthplace of the 1987 Montreal Protocol, the IIR Congress 2019 will be organised under the theme “Refrigeration for Human Health and Future Prosperity" and will focus on the current global...

• Publication date : 2019/07/30

IIR conference activities in 2016 show a promising choice of events

IIR conference activities in 2016 show a promising choice of events covering cutting edge refrigeration themes from refrigerants to energy issues; from cold chain sustainability to new refrigeration technologies.

• Publication date : 2016/03/02

New EU funded project began on October 1st, 2021: “SophiA - Sustainable off-grid solutions for pharmacies and hospitals in Africa”

With a budget of 8 million euros over four years, SophiA will develop containerized solutions for hospitals using natural refrigerants, solar thermal and photovoltaics to enable more and more African people to...

• Publication date : 2021/10/21
• Subjects: Technology, Developing country, Environment, HFCs alternatives

IJR Editorial: Solar energy, the energy of the future for refrigeration

Solar refrigeration should become a means of providing cleaner air conditioning and developing cold chains for food and health products where they are still deficient. We need to accompany this development while...

• Publication date : 2021/01/21

Latest news from B-Medical Systems, Epta and GEA, three IIR corporate members

B Medical Systems, a global leader in the vaccine cold chain, is expanding its production capacity due to the COVID-19 pandemic, Epta monitors R290 fridges in cashier-free store in Dubai and GEA provides a...

• Publication date : 2021/11/29

Briefs: Philippe Lebrun is “Engineer of the Year”

Philippe Lebrun, a member of the Management Committee of the IIR and Head of Section A of the IIR (Cryology and Gas Processing), was awarded the "Prix Ingénieur de l'Année 2010" in the "Science" category, by the French magazine Usine...

• Publication date : 2011/02/07

The IIR at COP-11/MOP-1 in Montreal

The IIR, as an intergovernmental organization, participated in this "historic" event which gathered 10 000 people for the largest United Nations Framework Conference on Climate Change (UNFCCC) ever held. The conference held...

• Publication date : 2006/01/28

IIR Member news: Star Refrigeration installs ammonia chillers in an indoor skiing facility

After 90 years of existence, indoor skiing now uses modern and energy efficient technologies. Star Refrigeration participates in this evolution with its ammonia chillers.

• Publication date : 2018/12/27

Call to Action for World Refrigeration Day

In support of this special day, and with the aim of raising awareness and boosting accessibility of the refrigeration sector from the grassroots up on an international level, the IIR is calling to all stakeholders to actively help bring the HVACR...

• Publication date : 2019/04/01

Happy New Year 2024!

The year 2023 is ending on a high note for the refrigeration sector. At the Conference of the Parties on Climate Change in Dubai, a global call was made for action to promote the sustainable development of refrigeration, which is both essential...

• Publication date : 2024/01/04
• Subjects: General information

Best wishes 2019!

2018 was an eventful year for the International Institute of Refrigeration (IIR) who organised several conferences to improve the cold chain and reduce the impact of refrigeration on the environment (refrigerants, energy consumption).

• Publication date : 2019/01/01

Best Wishes 2021!

The IIR wishes you all the best for the new year!

• Publication date : 2021/01/07

Hydrocarbon refrigerants

Hydrocarbons such as R290 (propane), R600a (isobutane) or R1270 (propene/propylene) are low GWP non-toxic natural refrigerants with excellent thermodynamic properties. They offer an...

• Last update : 2022/06/22
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Hydrocarbons, Containment, refrigerant charge reduction

Global HFC emissions from the refrigeration sector

This table shows HFC emissions from the refrigeration sector – including air conditioning – in million tonnes of CO2 equivalent for about 40 countries that are signatories...

• Last update : 2022/01/20
• Langues : English
• Themes : General information on environment (climate change, ozone depletion…)

Additive manufacturing of regenerators for caloric cooling

In many areas of engineering, additive manufacturing allows the production of complex and multifunctional products that could not be manufactured using traditional methods. In the...

• Last update : 2022/09/16
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Caloric cooling (magnetocaloric, electrocaloric, elastocaloric and barocaloric cooling)

Thermophysical properties of hydrocarbon refrigerants

Thermophysical properties of over 20 hydrocarbon refrigerants, including single-component and blends.

• Last update : 2022/06/17
• Langues : English
• Themes : Hydrocarbons, Blends

Liquefied Natural Gas: production process and cold energy recovery

Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is natural gas that has been cooled to about -160 °C and turned into a liquid to facilitate transportation and storage. A typical LNG supply chain...

• Last update : 2023/06/23
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : LNG and LPG

Cryogenics in the pharmaceutical industry: drug design and bioavailability improvement

Research activities in the pharmaceutical sector focus primarily on developing novel drug formulations which can elicit the desired response upon being administered to the patient...

• Last update : 2023/03/10
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Freeze-drying in biology and medicine, Cryobiology, cryomedicine: general information

Additive manufacturing of heat exchangers

In the refrigeration industry, additive manufacturing (colloquially referred to as “3D printing”) makes it possible to fabricate novel, complex and potentially more energy efficient...

• Last update : 2022/09/07
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Evaporators, condensers and other heat exchangers