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Theoretical research on the performance of the transcritical ejector refrigeration cycle with various refrigerants.

• Author(s) : WANG F., LI D. Y., ZHOU Y.
• Publication date: 2015/12/05
• Languages : English
• Source: Applied Thermal Engineering - vol. 91

IIR document

DYNAMIC VISCOSITY OF REFRIGERANTS AND REFRIGERANT MIXTURES: A PREDICTION METHOD.

• Author(s) : LATINI G.
• Publication date: 1988
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Viscosity, R115, R114, Calculation, R504, R503, R502, R500, R32, R31, R152a, R12, Mixture, Refrigerant
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

CALCULATIONS OF THE VAPOUR-LIQUID EQUILIBRIUM OF SOME BINARY SYSTEMS OF REFRIGERANTS BY VARIOUS CUBIC EQUATIONS OF STATE.

• Author(s) : HERRES B., GORENFLO D.
• Publication date: 1990
• Languages : English
• Keywords : R115, R114, Halogen, Calculation, Liquid, Vapour, R22, R12, Thermodynamic property, Zeotropic mixture, Equation of state, Refrigerant
• Source: Thermophysical properties of pure substances and mixtures for refrigeration.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

CALCULATION OF THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF REFRIGERANTS BY THE REDLICH-KWONG-SOAVE EQUATION OF STATE.

• Author(s) : CAMPORESE R., BIGOLARO G., REBELLATO L.
• Publication date: 1985
• Languages : English
• Keywords : R23, R14, R115, R114, Calculation, R22, R152a, R142b, R13b1, R13, R12, R11, Thermodynamic property, Equation of state, Refrigerant
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 8 - n. 3
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

ROLE OF REFRIGERANT MIXTURES AS ALTERNATIVES TO CFCS.

• Author(s) : DIDION D. A., BIVENS D. B.
• Publication date: 1990/05
• Languages : English
• Keywords : R23, R115, R114, Halogen, Lubrication, R22, R152a, R142b, R13, R12, Thermodynamic property, Performance, Zeotropic mixture, Azeotropic mixture, Oil, Refrigerant
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 13 - n. 3
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

CORRESPONDING STATES TREATMENT OF SATURATED LIQUID VISCOSITY OF SOME HALOGENATED HYDROCARBON REFRIGERANTS.

• Author(s) : SRINIVASAN K., KRISHNA MURTHY M. V.
• Publication date: 1985
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Viscosity, R23, R20, R115, R114, Halogen, Calculation, Methane, R500, R22, R21, R13b1, R13, R12, R11, R10, Ethane, Refrigerant, Methyl chloride
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 8 - n. 1
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

VISCOSITY OF THE LIQUID REFRIGERANTS: AN IMPROVED CORRELATION.

• Author(s) : BARONCINI C., DI FILIPPO P., LATINI G.
• Publication date: 1983/08/07
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Viscosity, R23, R115, R114, Propylene, Isobutane, Correlation, Butane, Methane, Liquid, Rc518, R22, R21, R152a, R13b1, R13, R12, R113, R11, Propane, Ethylene, Ethane, Methyl chloride
• Source: [Refrigeration serving humanity]. Proceedings of the XVI^th international Congress of Refrigeration.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

EASY: EXERGETIC ANALYSIS OF SYSTEMS. INTERACTIVE COMPUTER CODE FOR REFRIGERANTS THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES: EVALUATION AND EXERGETIC ANALYSIS OF VAPOUR COMPRESSION SYSTEMS.

• Author(s) : DE ROSSI F.
• Publication date: 1990
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Rc318, R23, R134a, R124a, R115, R114, Halogen, Exergy, Calculation, R503, R502, R500, Ammonia, R22, R21, R152a, R142b, R13b1, R13, R12, R114b2, R113, R11, Thermodynamic property, Refrigerant
• Source: Thermophysical properties of pure substances and mixtures for refrigeration.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

REFRIGERANT FLUIDS IN THE SATURATED LIQUID STATE: A GENERAL CORRELATION BETWEEN DYNAMIC VISCOSITY AND REDUCED TEMPERATURE.

• Author(s) : LATINI G.
• Publication date: 1987/08/24
• Languages : English
• Keywords : Viscosity, R23, R20, R115, R114, Propylene, Isobutane, Halogen, Correlation, Butane, Methane, R32, R31, R22, R21, R152a, R13b1, R13, R12, R113, R11, R10, Propane, Ethylene, Ethane, Refrigerant, Methyl chloride
• Source: Development in refrigeration, refrigeration for development. Proceedings of the XVIIth international Congress of Refrigeration.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

COMPATIBILITY REQUIREMENTS FOR CFC ALTERNATIVES.

• Author(s) : SPAUSCHUS H. O.
• Publication date: 1990
• Languages : English
• Keywords : R23, R143a, R134a, R115, R114, Halogen, CFC, Metal, R502, R500, Alloy, R32, R22, R152b, R142b, R134, R125, R124, R123, R12, R113, R11, Stability, Mixture, Oil, Reliability, Refrigerant, Compatibility
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 13 - n. 2
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

CORRESPONDING STATES TREATMENT OF REFRIGERANTS AND CRYOGENIC FLUIDS.

• Author(s) : SRINIVASAN K., KRISHNA MURTHY M. V.
• Publication date: 1985
• Languages : English
• Keywords : R23, R14, R115, R114, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Methane, Krypton, Xenon, Density, Argon, Ammonia, R32, R22, R21, R13b1, R13, R12b1, R12, R113, R11, Physical property, Neon, Ethylene, Ethane, Cryofluid, Refrigerant, Water, CO2, Methyl chloride
• Source: International Journal of Refrigeration - Revue Internationale du Froid - vol. 8 - n. 3
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

THERMODYNAMIC COMPARISONS OF R502 AND A POSSIBLE SUBSTITUTE, HFC125.

• Author(s) : STOECKER W. F.
• Publication date: 1991/08/10
• Languages : English
• Source: New challenges in refrigeration. Proceedings of the XVIIIth International Congress of Refrigeration, August 10-17, 1991, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

ALTERNATE REFRIGERANTS AND LUBRICANTS FOR REFRIGERATION COMPRESSORS -STATUS ON R12 AND R502 REPLACEMENTS.

• Author(s) : SUNDARESAN S. G.
• Publication date: 1991/08/10
• Languages : English
• Source: New challenges in refrigeration. Proceedings of the XVIIIth International Congress of Refrigeration, August 10-17, 1991, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
• Formats : PDF

IIR document

MEASUREMENTS OF SATURATED LIQUID DENSITY FOR SEVERAL REFRIGERANTS.

• Author(s) : OKADA M., UEMATSU M., WATANABE K.
• Publication date: 1983/08/07
• Languages : English
• Source: [Refrigeration serving humanity]. Proceedings of the XVI^th international Congress of Refrigeration.
• Formats : PDF

2008 Appendix D for gas chromatograms for ARI Standard 700-2006 - Informative.

• Author(s) : AHRI
• Publication date: 2008
• Languages : English

A surprising increase in the emissions of trichlorofluoromethane (R11) since 2012

An article published in Nature underlines the unexpected and persistent increase in global emissions of ozone-depleting R11.

• Publication date : 2018/06/22
• Subjects: Regulation

Reducing the environmental impact of ultra-low temperature refrigeration systems

Ultra-low temperature (ULT) refrigeration systems often use very high-GWP HFCs. Yet, ULT systems are excluded from the scope of the regulations aimed at phasing-down HFCs. An IJR paper reviews the most promising...

• Publication date : 2020/04/05
• Subjects: Environment, HFCs alternatives

US: Refrigerated warehouses capacity in 2013

Gross refrigerated storage capacity in the United States totalled 4.06 billion cubic feet (115 million m3) in October 2013, an increase of 2% since the previous survey was conducted two years ago.

• Publication date : 2014/12/22
• Subjects: Figures, economy

Cryoextraction techniques for better tasting wine?

A recent study in Spain suggests that freezing white grapes using low temperatures in the winemaking process, produces wines that are more aromatic than wines produced with traditional...

• Publication date : 2020/11/27

Heat pump systems for HVAC in electric vehicles

Heat pump systems offer an energy efficient option for HVAC in electric vehicles. Recent studies present innovative technologies to further improve the heating and cooling performance of heat pump systems as...

• Publication date : 2021/01/27
• Subjects: HFCs alternatives

A British data centre is saving money thanks to thermal optimisation

A leading UK data and telecoms provider claims to have saved over £115,000 (€132,000) in cooling energy costs in a few months.

• Publication date : 2018/01/29

Honeywell CFC destruction plan

Honeywell has begun destroying its inventories of CFCs and CFC blends: the company says it has already destroyed over 12 000 kg of R11.

• Publication date : 2012/06/21

Refrigerant contamination

In its "White Paper: Reports of R134a Contaminated with R40 and Other Refrigerants”, AHRI suggests that in addition to R40 and R22, R142b, R152a, and R12 have also been found mixed with R134a in newly filled refrigerant cylinders marked as...

• Publication date : 2013/06/18

Illegal production and use of CFC-11 in China

A report published by the EIA reveals that some Chinese companies still use CFC-11 in the foam blowing industry.

• Publication date : 2018/08/23
• Subjects: Regulation

Development of a prototype of Secondary loop Mobile Air Conditioning System

Tata Motor, an Indian car manufacturer, recently signed a partnership with the German automotive supplier Mahle to design and develop a Secondary Loop Mobile Air Conditioning System (SL-MAC).

• Publication date : 2017/09/13

Air conditioning

- Domestic and export sales of Chinese air conditioners set new records in the 2004 refrigeration year (September 2003-August 2004). Sales on the domestic market reached 26 million units and exports reached 25 million units. Export sales were up...

• Publication date : 2005/07/19

Cryogenic applications: cryogenic system to recover volatile organic compounds

In 2007, in France alone 12　000 tonnes of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were released from service stations, i.e. 1% of all such emissions in France. VOCs from service stations are detrimental to health and the environment and increasingly...

• Publication date : 2010/05/27

Trends and markets: AC market

- According to a recent BSRIA press release, the air-conditioning market contracted by 11% compared to 2008, reaching USD 63.2 million in 2009. It is expected to see a slow recovery in 2010 with an expected growth rate of around 5%. In terms of...

• Publication date : 2011/02/04

Trends and markets: IARW Food Industry’s Return on Investment Guidelines

The IARW Food Industry's Return on Investment Guidelines provide valuable information regarding cold storage construction costs and trends in 2010. There are a number of variables that affect the cost of a project, ranging from building size to...

• Publication date : 2011/02/04

HFCs: projected emissions

Two recent studies on projected emissions of HFCs have been published: - US: according to the June 2010 US Climate Action report under the UNFCCC, from 2005 through 2020, total US greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions are projected to rise by 4% under a...

• Publication date : 2011/02/04

New IIR members

The IIR welcomes the following new members: Benefactor members Communauté Urbaine de Dunkerque, France EPEE, Belgium Private members Mr Nacer Achaichia, Belgium Mr Pascal Leterrible, France Mr Georges Marguerite, France Mr Mitchell...

• Publication date : 2011/02/04

News from IIR members: Total

Total is the world's fourth-largest listed producer of natural gas and one of its top three liquefied natural gas suppliers and has published recent statistics on LNG. Consumption has been growing almost 3% a year for more than 30 years. According...

• Publication date : 2011/02/04

News from IIR members: AICVF

AICVF is 100! The French Association of Air-conditioning, Ventilation and Refrigeration Engineers is celebrating its centenary in 2010. It will produce a book retracing the history of the association, and each issue of its CVC journal will...

• Publication date : 2011/02/04

News from IIR members: AFF

2es Journées - Chaîne du froid des produits de santé (2nd Symposium on the cold chain and medicines) is to be held in Lyons, France, on November 24-25, 2010. Organized by the French Refrigeration Association (AFF) and SFSTP (French Society...

• Publication date : 2011/02/04

News from IIR members: Danfoss

A pleasant indoor climate and no energy costs. This is what it feels like to live in the Zero+ house - the first home in Denmark that produces more power than is actually consumed. The house supplies its own heating and electricity and generates...

• Publication date : 2011/02/04

Hydrocarbon refrigerants

Hydrocarbons such as R290 (propane), R600a (isobutane) or R1270 (propene/propylene) are low GWP non-toxic natural refrigerants with excellent thermodynamic properties. They offer an...

• Last update : 2022/06/22
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Hydrocarbons, Containment, refrigerant charge reduction

Nanorefrigerants

Nanorefrigerants are created by adding nanoparticles in suspension to a base refrigerant. They have a thermal conductivity that is 15% to 104% higher than that of the corresponding...

• Last update : 2022/06/17
• Langues : English, French
• Themes : Nanofluids

Additive manufacturing of regenerators for caloric cooling

In many areas of engineering, additive manufacturing allows the production of complex and multifunctional products that could not be manufactured using traditional methods. In the...

• Last update : 2022/09/16
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Caloric cooling (magnetocaloric, electrocaloric, elastocaloric and barocaloric cooling)

Additive manufacturing of heat exchangers

In the refrigeration industry, additive manufacturing (colloquially referred to as “3D printing”) makes it possible to fabricate novel, complex and potentially more energy efficient...

• Last update : 2022/09/07
• Langues : French, English
• Themes : Evaporators, condensers and other heat exchangers